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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-16-9.10-206-208
Ruzmetov Mansurbek, Senior scientific employee-researcher, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry (Republic of Uzbekistan).
E-mail: ruzmetovmansurbek@mail.ru Xodjiyev Muksin, doctor of technical sciences, professor, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry (Republic of Uzbekistan).
E-mail: hadjievmuhsin@umail.uz
Selecting of the shape and structural design of the device for loading and distribution of raw cotton into the closed storage
Abstrat: A new shape and structural design of the device for loading and distribution of raw cotton based on the analysis of raw cotton storage process into open bundles and private storages as well as used for this mechanization is proposed in this article. Layout and installation of devices for loading and distribution of raw cotton into the closed storage are shown. With the proposed devices a reduction of heavy manual labor in the process of cotton bundling, as well as an increasing of revenue load factor in storages is provided.
Keywords: raw cotton, closed storage, belt conveyor, feeder-distributor, chute, screw conveyor, kicker, loading gates.
Cotton storage is the initial link of operating procedure in ginneries. Ginneries during harvesting season recycle about 20% of harvested cotton. The basic mass of raw cotton are placed in open and closed storages to long-term storing for its processing in the following months, as a rule, before the start of new cotton harvest. One of the most labor-intensive work for the storage of raw cotton is to ensure uniformity of distribution of it inside an enclosed storage.
There are closed storage for raw cotton [1], carried out in the form ofplacement equipped with loading gates and mechanical system of feed through loading gates and switchgear inside the storage.
The disadvantage of such storages is the complication of storage warehousing process and low revenue load factor of the storage.
Raw cotton storage [2], made in the form provided with loading gates, closed room with a set of fixed mechanical means including a receiving-feeder, discharge conveyor, distribution sleeve and inclined conveyors with throwers can be considered as the most optimum alternative. Throwers are placed with angular displacement in a horizontal plane at 120.
Its disadvantages include the uneven distribution of cotton around the storage content and low load factor due to the formation of seed cotton weight cones as raw cotton in its structure belongs to the category of poorly flowing fibrous bodies. In recent years, for long-term, as well as online storage of raw cotton construction of covered warehouses modern designs on standard projects with a capacity of up to 1500 tons has being spread widely. The walls and roof of the warehouses of this type are made of asbestos cement sheets reinforced profile for precast concrete frame. Roofing structure are reinforced concrete beams and purlins. It is also not widely used in the industry version of the modular storage of raw cotton in the closed storage due to lack of reliability in structures and uneconomical, since the storage of raw cotton uses only 50-75% of the volume of the warehouse. It should be noted regarding the loading and unloading means of mechanization, which, despite the availability of certain constructions are used in the industry, they also have significant drawbacks:
— access to thrower of such devices in the event of repair and replacement of the tape during operation is difficult;
— low coefficient of utilization of the total area of the warehouse with the canopy (of about 55%);
— uneven cotton density at its storage;
— high fire risk;
— a high degree of dust level in warehouses while loading of raw cotton;
— high probability of damage to the cotton seeds because of mechanical impact on raw cotton headset of picket drums.
Continuing to develop the direction for improving the loading technology and distribution of raw cotton in sealed storage, our new design of the device has been developed, which is presented in Figure 1.
The aim of this design loading devices and distribution of raw cotton is to increase the efficiency of use of useful storage areas by providing a uniform distribution of compressed cotton inside the warehouse throughout its volume. Storage of raw cotton is a set of stationary means of mechanization in the volume of enclosed space to loading gates. The internal space is divided by means of vertical support elements, at least two interconnected compartments where a feeder-valve with the possibility of reciprocating movement along the storage is placed. Equipped with unloading hatches horizontal conveyor belts with kickers placed on them to supply raw cotton from the surface of the conveyor belts to the download device and cotton distribution are installed on the opposite longitudinal sides under the loading gates.
Feeders-distributor are placed under horizontal conveyor belts across each compartment and are provided with a roller supports to move on longitudinal guides formed, for example, in the form ofrails mounted along the entire length of the opposite longitudinal sides of each of the storage compartments. Loading gates are installed to cooperate, for example with inclined conveyor of send-receiver device placed outside the storage.
Offered technology of raw cotton loading and distribution and the structure of feeder-distributor is illustrated by a drawing in which Figure 1 schematically shows a general view of repository.
Closed type storage is made of reinforced concrete in the form of prefabricated buildings of rectangular form. The internal storage space consists of two adjacent interconnected compartments 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) formed through along the central axis of the vertical support members repository 3. Each of the compartments is provided with a loading gate 4 located at the top of the longitudinal walls of storage 5.
Selecting of the shape and structural design of the device for loading and distribution of raw cotton into the closed storage
Figure 1. General view of the storage device 1, 2 - compartment; 3-vertically supporting element of central repository axis; 4 - loading gate; 5 - longitudinal wall of storage; 6 - inclined conveyor; 7 - horizontal belt conveyor; 8 - ejector; 9 - feeder-distributor; 10 - profile corners.
Each loading gate communicates with an inclined conveyor 6 of send-receiver device installed outside the storage.
Under each loading gate in the storage are placed horizontal conveyor belts 7, consisting of a stationary fixed bed, at the ends of which the drive and tension drums set. These drums are swept with the belt which strands support trunnion.
The kickers 8 for feeding of raw cotton from the surface of the belt conveyor on the feeder-distributors 9 through the unloading gates are gimbal mounted with rated corner on the belt to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor (Fig. 2).
Feeders-dispributors are placed at the horizontal conveyor belts across each of the storage compartments with the possibility of reciprocating movement along the fitted compartment.
Figure 2. Supply of raw cotton 7 - horizontal belt conveyor; 8 - ejector;
While loading storage raw cotton with the help of inclined conveyor 6 is fed from the outside through the loading gates 4 on the horizontal conveyor belts 7. With kickers 8, raw cotton is fed to the feeder-distributor 9 through the unloading gates 11 (Fig. 2).
Because feeders-distributors 9 are mounted across each of the compartments 1 and 2 with the possibility of moving along them, raw cotton loading is made layer-by-layer at its uniform distribution and while producing a uniform distribution and compaction.
on a screw conveyor (top view) 9 - feeder-distributor; 11 - unloading gate
The track rollers sliding along guide rails moved feeders-distributors 9 along each of the compartments 1 and 2 that promotes efficient use of the useful area around the storage.
Loading of raw cotton of both compartments 1 and 2 may be performed by turns and simultaneously.
In the course of studying of the technological and constructive parameters of the above described device it was found that for the optimal operation of the device as a part of the storage the following factors are interacted: a uniform supply of cotton
to the feeder-distributor, a uniform distribution of raw cotton along the length of the screw conveyor and the uniform distribution of raw cotton during loading and unloading in the volume of the chute. These factors relate to the capacity of the installation.
Taking into consideration the above mentioned conditions, we proposed a feeder-distributor with new structure, which conveyor
screw is tapered with variable pitch, decreasing the length of the feeder-distributor.
Tapering and changing of the step of the screw conveyor is selected so that a decrease of cotton intensity along the length of the screw conveyor decreases proportionally to the diameter and pitch that provides uniform distribution of cotton to the sections of the device to keep natural properties of raw cotton.
References:
1. Milohov N., and others. Primary cotton treatment. - M: - 1959, P. 373-377.
2. A utility model patent. FAP № 00520 «Storage for fibrous material" - 29.01.2010, M. T. Hojiyev, A.J. Jurayev, H. K. Rakhmonov, M. E. Ruzmetov.
3. A utility model patent. FAP № 00514 «Devices for supply and distribution of the fibrous material" - 21.12.2009, M. T. Hodjiyev, A. J. Jurayev, H. K. Rakhmonov, M. E. Ruzmetov.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-16-9.10-208-210
Ruzmetov Mansurbek, Senior scientific employee-researcher, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry (Republic of Uzbekistan).
E-mail: ruzmetovmansurbek@mail.ru Xodjiyev Muksin,
doctor of technical sciences, professor, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry (Republic of Uzbekistan).
E-mail: hadjievmuhsin@umail.uz
Development of the device for loading and distribution of raw cotton into the closed storage
Abstract: Based on the results of the study of the loading and distribution of raw cotton into the closed storage an improved cotton feeder-distributor for closed type storages is introduced in this article. The proposed feeder-distributor is based on a conical screw with variable pitch to ensure uniform supply and distribution of feed raw cotton over the entire length of the screw and the volume of the closed stores. The results of its testing at production conditions showed that using of this setting can increase the duty cycle of raw cotton closed storage, to ensure the complete mechanization of the loading process and a uniform distribution of raw cotton into the closed store, as well as the automation of these processes.
Keywords: loading process, screw, conical shape, uniform supply, load factor, uniform distribution, efficiency, natural properties.
In order to develop the structure ofraw cotton distribution device into the closed storage the following mandatory conditions are necessary to provide:
— High performance of cotton loading to 25-30 m/h, which must match the capability of combined devices (XPP and the CLP-650);
— Uniform supply of raw cotton for the entire length of the closed storage.
Considering the above conditions, we have developed a screw feeder-distributor with periodically opening groove [1; 2].
This device provides a uniform raw cotton distribution by conveyer length and raw cotton natural features keeping.
Conveyer's screw is performed by conic variable step, reduced with screw's length. The conicity and changing of screw is selected in such way when raw cotton weight is minimized proportional diameter and step which provides uniform allocation to the sections of the device.
The device is clarified by drawing: picture 1 demonstrates general type of the device, picture 2 shows type "A" and profile of "B-B" cam.
The device 1 comprises a shute formed in the lower part of the movable sections 2, 3, and mounted in the upper part of the shute
4 taper screw with decreasing pitch, the difference of diameters of the screw 4 is selected equal to the bases of the cone is not more than 100 mm.
The value between the maximum and minimum diameters of the screw and the steps is selected from the condition of the size of the average value of the diameter of a lump of cotton (not more than 100 mm) in the device.
The screw 4 is connected with the shute 1 by brackets 5. On both sides of the chute 1 driving shafts 6 are mounted by brackets 7, 8 on the top of the chute 1, and the driving shafts 6 are forced on with component cams made of bases 9, 10 and worn they rubber rings 11 and 12 and fixed on the profile bases 9, 10 with a special glue, all of which interacts with the cantilever arm 13, 14 of one section of section 2, 3 of shute 1, mounted on hinges 15, 16.
The device operates as following. Raw cotton located in the chute 1 is moved around along the shute 1 with revolute transitional moving of the shute 4. The lower part of the shute 1 is designed as a movable sections 2 and 3. Each section consists of two hinged parts having overhanging arms 13, 14, which cooperate with the rubber rings 11 and 12, the cams 9 and 10 and in accordance of the condition of the profile rubber rings 11 and 12 change relative positions
