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18ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
ROAD MAP OF ACTIVATION OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES Tuhtasinova M.M.1, Tolibov I.Sh.2
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1Tuhtasinova Muhayo Mirzasultanovna - Senior Lecturer;
2Tolibov Islombek Shukhratjon ugli - Student, DIRECTION: ECONOMICS, DEPARTMENT: ECONOMICS, FERGANA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, FERGANA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: there were examined some problems of activation of innovative processes in national economy of Uzbekistan in this article. It is proved that in modern economics innovations play a determinative role in the economy of developed countries. Entrepreneurship is highly risked and innovative by its substance, is the key aspect in creation and diffusion of innovations. Authors suggest some directions of "road map" of further development of activation of innovative processes in the economy of Uzbekistan, on the base of held analyses and detected problems.
Keywords: innovation, innovative process, road map, scientific-technical progress, national economy of Uzbekistan.
Modern technologies of new generations are oriented on increasing their progressive advantages and retention in adjusted boards' influence of negative factors of social-economic progress. Nowadays, majority countries of the world put a duty, transition to innovative economy, based on knowledge, and in that foundation, transfer and using results of scientific-technical promotion are crucial conditions for sustainable economic growth. Hence, the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan put a duty development of native science, innovative promotion and implantation innovations to the economy of the country.
The study of the formation of an innovative economy was paid attention to such foreign economists as J. Schumpeter, K. Marx, T. Kuhn, K. Freeman, R. Nelson, G. Mensch, K. Christensen, G. Chesbrough, E. Rogers, P.F. Druker, B. Santo, B. Twiss, J. Hicks, Researchers of the CIS countries: N.D. Kondratieva, S.Yu. Glazyev, D.S. Lvov, G.G. Fetisov, R.A. Fatkhutdinova, P.K. Yankovsky, P.N. Zavlina, A.K. Kazantsev, I.L. Leontyev, E.S. Malakhov, V.V. Titov and others, as well as scientists of Uzbekistan: M.A. Ikramov, K. Kurpayanidi, N.M. Makhmudov, M. Makhkamov, O. Parpiev, G. Fedyasheva, S. Chepel and others.
The program "Strategy of actions of further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan" which were made by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev, determined the strategy transition of economy of republic on innovative way of development. Nowadays, innovations play a determinative role in the economy of developed countries [1]. Entrepreneurship is highly risked and innovative by its substance, is the key aspect in creation and diffusion of innovations. The World experience evidenced that
activation of innovative promotion impossible without determinative involvement of political authority and consummate law foundation [2].
Essential reservation of dynamic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan is expeditious implantation of modern innovative technologies in the field of economy, social and other spheres with wide using achievements of science and technology. Precipitously proceeding all spheres of social and government life are required tight accompaniment of reforms on the base of modern innovative ideas, projects and technologies, which are provide fast and quality spurt of the country in the list of leaders of world civilization.
In order to speedily development of country on the base of modern achievements of the world science, innovative ideas, projects and technologies also consecutive realization of duties, determined Strategy of actions by five priority directions of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 [3].
There are fulfilled complex arrangements for foundation prosperous conditions in order to develop active innovative entrepreneurship in the country [4]. Add to that, for fulfilling efficient innovative actions of the country is important for foundation prosperous conditions, to the improvement of their scientific potential also recruitment and implantation innovative projects to the production, from the foundation to the approaching market. In order to speedily develop of all spheres of economy and social sphere on the base of forward foreign experience, modern achievements of the world science, innovative ideas, projects and technologies also consecutive realization of duties, determined Strategy of actions by five priority directions of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 there were founded Ministry of Innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan [5].
For the purpose of further development of commercialization and implantation innovative projects to the production and increasing efficiency of innovative organizations were received the Enactment of the Cabinet of Ministries "About arrangements for the further support of innovative actions" [6].
Our researches have showed that in the country still absent efficient structures of technological intermediation, which are act for the commercialization of the results of the innovative actions that could be solve many problems of the innovative development of spheres. Observed passivity of native organizations in using results of scientific-technical progress, consequence of this is low innovative actions. All this requires determined structural changes in the managing of science and innovative actions. Innovative activism of economic subjects requires stimulation by the instrumentality of flexible system of tax exemptions. Importance of this instrument of state management is known in all developed countries of the world and every country tries to find their own optimal model of tax stimulation of innovative activism.
In addition, held analysis has showed insufficient work by the innovative development during the processes of modernization, diversification, increasing production volume and expansion trade's range of competitive goods in internal and external markets. Particularly:
■ Low degree of comprising population within high education;
■ Improper interaction between ministries and departments, which are responsible for the development scientific and innovative activity, proper coordination of activity of research institutions and laboratories;
■ Low degree of providing commercialization results of scientific activities;
■ Absence of high qualified specialists in the sphere of innovative management, permitting actively promote and fulfill transfer of technologies;
■ Shortage of secreted budgeting funds on researches and experienced constructive works;
■ Absence of stimulation mechanisms of attraction funds off-budget and private funds, insufficient development of internal sources of the promissory financing [7];
■ Improper protection of the results of the intellectual activity, the absence of qualified specialists in this sphere [8];
■ Low degree of implantation innovative technologies in the sphere of renewable and alternative sources of energy, energetically utilization of secondary resources;
■ Undeveloped of corporative relations and principles of corporative management in the country with the accounting of the best foreign practice, especially in the state companies.
In our opinion, for efficient solving the above-mentioned problems is advisable:
■ Integrate in innovative activity efforts of the government, spheres of the economy, large-scale concerns, small and private industry, banks, scientists and university workers;
■ Form the cooperation system to the promotion of the scientific-technological activity's results in the industry; technological platforms, based on the partnership, oriented on unification of state forces, science and business in the process of long termed scientific technological development priorities [8];
■ Accomplish a normative-juridical base, also activate norms of economical politics in the sphere of stimulation participants of innovative activity;
■ Get through system reforms in enhancement of training professional staff for innovative economy, orient caution on regional degree of national economy [9];
■ Form and realize major breaking inter-sectorial innovative projects [10];
■ Activate financing of innovative projects on the part of enterprises, with the clause of privileged tax imposition, in addition, attracting bank's and private investments;
■ Form competitive national market, which stimulates crossing the economy on the innovative way of development and effective using limited economic resources [11];
■ Simplify a lineup and requests for taking banking packet credits in order to active stimulate development of innovative enterprises, especially in the regions [12];
■ Work out adequate model of the tax stimulation of the attracting innovative technologies in the development the national participants of entrepreneurship [13];
■ Create centers for public using uncial scientific-technological equipment [14];
■ On the base of using the results of assessment the efficiency entrepreneurial environment, international ratings activate production with a high competitiveness and export science-intensive products;
■ Implantation advanced methods of management by the planting innovations on the industrial enterprises, by the orientation on a clear integration different managing structures with the individual structural components of the industrial structures of an enterprise and within their elements [15, 16];
■ Develop the geography of the international co-working in the sphere of innovative technologies [17];
■ In the sphere of innovative development foreign economic activity, in our view, should highlight scientific-technological component, however, social industry's progress is the consequence of the technological progress.
In the conclusion, it is important mention, that for the activation an innovative activity in Uzbekistan would be conduce adoption of statute of the Republic of Uzbekistan "About innovations and innovative activity". In this low, it is advisable to observe development the mechanisms of legal regulation relationship between members of the innovative activity, attracting investments, foundation innovative funds, infrastructural innovative organizations and further development of the taxation's and crediting's system, in addition, develop arrangements for cultivating interest and encouragement the members of the innovative activity, accomplishing priority high technological innovative projects and implantation this projects in fields of the economy.
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