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РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ТРЕНИРОВКИ ПО ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ АВАРИЙНО-ДОРОЖНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ДАРХАНСКОЙ
МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ШКОЛЫ Оюунгэрэл Х.1, Буянтогтох П.2, Баярмаа Н.3, Нандинсурэн Ц. 4
1Оюунгэрэл Хусман- магистр медицинских наук, кафедра фармакология и биомедицина, Дарханская медицинская школа; 2Буянтогтох Пагваа - магистр образовательных наук; Центр исследований и информационных технологий 3Баярмаа Нацаг - магистр образовательных наук,
кафедра фундаментальных наук; 4Нандинсурэн Цэдэн- кандидат химических наук, отдел администрации и кадров, Монгольский национальный университет медицинских наук, г. Дархан - Уул, Монголия
Аннотация: по оценкам Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), 55-60% рисков для здоровья связаны с неправильным образом жизни и поведением. Брюс Ли, мастер боевых искусств, однажды сказал: «Я не боюсь того, кто повторяет 10 000 разных ударов ногами, но я боюсь того, кто повторяет один удар 10 000 раз».
Привычки — это выбор, о котором мы не думаем, и решения, которые мы не видим в течение дня. Миллионы людей во всем мире погибли и причинили социальный и экономический ущерб из-за того, что не соблюдали правила поведения, участвуя в дорожном движении.
Чтобы уменьшить это и обеспечить безопасность движения, можно изменить поведение водителей, а также организовать мероприятия по улучщению качества дорог, окружающей среды, безопасности транспортных средств и ответственности водителей на научной основе и обеспечить координацию между организациями.
Чтобы реализовать это, было проведено исследование для мониторинга поведения студентов Медицинской школы Дархана в дорожном движении и для планирования предстоящих мерприятий на основе фактических данных.
Ключевые слова: транспортные средства, дорожные знаки, пешеходный переход /зебра/, поведение.
RESULTS OF TRAINING FOR ACCIDENT PREVENTION AND TRAFFIC TRAINING FOR STUDENTS OF DARKHAN MEDICAL SCHOOL Oyungerel Kh.1,Buyantogtokh P.2, Bayarmaa N.3, Nandinsuren Ts.4
1Oyungerel Husman - Master of Medical Sciences, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE, DARKHAN MEDICAL SCHOOL; 2Buyantogtoh Pagvaa - Master of Educational Sciences; CENTER FOR RESEARCH AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 3BAYARMAA Natsag - Master of Educational Sciences,
DEPARTMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCES; 4Nandinsuren Tseden - Candidate of Chemical Sciences, DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION AND PERSONNEL, MONGOLIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, DARKHAN - UUL, MONGOLIA
Abstract: the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 55-60% of health risks are due to poor lifestyle and behavior. 1 Bruce Lee, a master o f martial arts, once said: "I'm not afraid of someone who repeats 10,000 different kicks, but I'm afraid of someone who repeats one kick 10,000 times. " 2
Habits are choices we don't think about and decisions we don't see throughout the day. Millions of people around the world have lost their lives and caused social and economic damage due to failure to practice good behavior while participating in traffic movement.
In order to reduce this and ensure traffic safety, it is possible to change the behavior of drivers, as well as organize activities for roads, environment, vehicles and drivers on a scientific basis, and to ensure coordination between organizations. 3
1 WHO. (2018). World Road Safety Report.
2Bruce Lee Aphorism, Retrieved from hhtp://yawood.ru/mn/lestmca/aforizmy
In order to implement this, the study was conducted to monitor the traffic behavior of the students of the Darkhan Medical School and to make evidence-based planning for future activities. Keywords: vehicles, traffic signs, zebra cross, behavior
Introduction:
The World Road Safety Report 2018 compiled by the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that Mongolia has 17.4 deaths per 100,000 people in road accidents and Mongolia is 17.0, which is slightly lower than the world average and equal to the Southeast Asian average.
Articles 19.1 and 19.3 of the Law on Special Funds of the Government of Mongolia regulate the use of the Health Promotion Fund and its control in accordance with this regulation. Health-related projects such as injury prevention, are announced every year.
Team from MNUMS, in Darkhan-Uul Medical school, funded by the "Health Promotion Fund" of the Ministry of Health, launched the project "Preventing traffic accidents and developing proper behavior for students of Darkhan Medical University" on December 12, 2021. It will be implemented for a period of 3 months from September 21 to March 20, 2022. The reasons for implementing the project are:
In Darkhan-Uul province, a total of 423 crimes were registered in September 2021, of which 8.2% were traffic accident calls. 4
In the 2021-2022 academic year, 67% of the 418 students enrolled in the school are from rural areas. Students from rural areas are required to come to Darkhan to study urban culture and traffic culture. In addition, 68% of first-year students are between the ages of 17 and 19, and these students have never attended a traffic course. 5
Dormitory students are trained by the school on fire safety and medical ethics, but road safety training is omitted.
There is a main road to the Darkhan industrial area between the school and the dormitory, and there is a city main road and a 4-lane intersection 100 meters to the north of the school, so students are at risk of traffic accidents on their way to and from school. In order to prevent this risk, it was necessary to increase the students' knowledge of traffic rules and develop the right behavior to participate in traffic.
The purpose of the research:
To determine the knowledge and correct behavior of the students of the Darkhan Medical School of MNUMS in Darkhan province to participate in traffic and to calculate the results
Research material, methodology
A questionnaire survey to determine students of Darkhan Medical School of MNUMS in Darkhan province legal knowledge of traffic was conducted using the google form, traffic culture and good practices through observation and surveillance.
The survey was conducted in 262 first year students of Darkhan Medical School of MNUMS in Darkhan province using 3 groups of questionnaires and electronically using Google Form., 11 questions with 3 choices a score of 1-5, 5 questions with a total of 20 questions. The reliability of the questionnaire, taken before and after training, developed on the SPSS-24 program, was Cronbach Alpha .729.
Table 1. General research information
Indicators Before the training After the training
Age Until 18 19(8.1) 74(28.2)
19-25 116(49.6) 165(63.2)
More than 25 99(42.3) 23(8.6)
Gender Female 211(90.2) 224(85.5)
Male 23(9.38) 38(14.5)
Enrolled province Darkhan-Uul 102(43.6) 108(41.1)
Rural area 132(56.4) 154(58.7)
Training curriculum Basic medical education 122(52.1) 102(38.8)
Nursing 27(11.5) 19(7.2)
Nurse 23(9.8) 59(22.3)
Pharmacist 16(11.1) 38(14.5)
Midwife 20(8.5) 15(9.0)
Traditional medicine nurse 10(4.3) 15(9.0)
Lab technician 6(2.6) 14(5.2)
Female students aged 19-25 from rural areas actively attended in this survey.
3Gantulga.G, (Red). (2019). Traffic safety white book, page 6
4(2021). Traffic accident, crimes, conflict situation of Darkhan-Uul province, Mongolia
5(2021-2022). Enrollment and graduation report of Darkhan-Uul Medical school, MNUMS
Table 2. Legal knowledge of traffic
Indicator Before the training After the training
Yes, know No Yes, know No
Mongolian Law on Traffic Safety 72.1%(169) 30.9%(72) 87.4%(229) 12.6%(33)
"Mongolian traffic rules" 46.9%(110) 55.4%(130) 59.4%(156) 40.7%(107)
UN's "Five Pillars" for Road Safety 51.2%(120) 52.4%(123) 71.4%(187) 28.6%(75)
Average 56.7% 46.2% 72.7% 27.3%
An average of 56.7% of students participated in a training on the legal knowledge of traffic rules, such as the Mongolian Law on Traffic Safety, the rules, and the UN Five-Pillar Traffic Safety Law. After the project training, it increased to 72.7%, The number of students who did not receive this type of training and information decreased from 46.2% to 27.3% after the training and training materials from project team sent by electronically to them. It can be concluded that training materials were effective.
Table 3. Knowledge of traffic rules
Indicator Before the training After the training
Pedestrian crossing sign 83.3%(195) 88.4%(232)
A pedestrian who has not yet crossed the road at a traffic light 44.0%(103) 63.9%(167)
Who is a "pedestrian"? 94.4%(221) 98.6%(258)
Responsibilities of traffic participants 72.2%(169) 85.0%(223)
Who is traffic participant 41.0%(96) 59.2%(155)
Average rating 57,25% 79.02%
An average of 57.25% (134) students answered the traffic grammar questionnaire correctly before the training, while 79.02% answered it correctly after the training and discussion, which shows that students' knowledge of traffic rules has improved.
Table 4. Traffic culture and behavior
Indicator Before the training After the training
Yes Sometimes No Yes Sometimes No
Did you use pedestrian crossing 85.5%(200) 8.9%(21) 5.5%(13) 95.3%(250) 4.7%(12) (0.0)
Did you wear a helmet if you are riding a bicycle or motorcycle 57.6%(135) 20.6%(48) 21.8%(51) 89.1%(233) 10.2%(27) 1.3%(3)
Did you use your phone when you are using pedestrian crossing 70.5%(165) 24.3%(57) 5.2%(12) (0.0) 17.6%(46) 88.4%(232)
Did you use seatbelt when you are participating in traffic 88.1%(206) 8.1%(19) 3.8%(9) 97.9%(256) 2.0%(5) (0.0)
Do you only go around the back when you get off the bus 76.5%(179) 14.1%(33) 9.4%(22) 96.5%(253) 3.4%(9) (0.0)
When you are in
traffic, do you keep the headphone volume to an acceptable level 14.1%(33) 35.0%(82) 70.9%(166) 84.3%(221) 11.2%(29) 4.5%(12)
Do you wear hats and
clothing that do not restrict visibility when 47.1%(110) 25.6%(60) 27.3%(64) 73.5%(193) 15.7%(41) 10.8%(28)
participating in traffic
Average rating 62.7% 19.5% 20.5% 89.4% 9.3% 26.25%
According to the results of the survey, traffic culture, good manners and practices increased from 62.7% before the training to 89.45, which improved the students' traffic culture and good manners as a result of the project activities.
Outcome: The legal knowledge of traffic rules of the surveyed students was 56.7 before the training and 72.7 after the training. Knowledge of traffic rules is 57.25% before training and 79.02% after training. According to the survey, traffic culture and good practices/habits increased by 62.7% before training and 89.45 after training. Conclusions:
The Darkhan-Uul province branch of the MNUMS added 21.5 percent in determining the legal knowledge of students to participate in traffic, and the training to develop the culture and proper practices to participate in traffic after the training.
Traffic behavior and knowledge of traffic are different before and after training and are statistically significant (P .020).
The legal knowledge of traffic rules of the surveyed students was 56.7 before the training and 72.7 after the training. Knowledge of traffic rules is 57.25% before training and 79.02% after training. According to the survey, traffic culture and good practices increased by 62.7% before training and 89.45 after training. Recommendations:
Increase the responsibility of every citizen to adopt good habits and habits of safe and risk-free traffic as an indicator of a healthy lifestyle for each age group / use of seat belts, use of seats for young children, driving around used vehicles, under no circumstances should pedestrians cross a pedestrian crossing with a sign, and completely give up headphones and telephones when participating in traffic.
Adults must pay attention and help the elderly and young children to participate in traffic It is important for everyone to be able to diagnose the integrity of the vehicle being serviced and the requirements for the driver and the vehicle at the primary level.
Список литературы /References
1. WHO. (2018). Global Road Safety Report.
2. Statistical data of the National Statistical Office of Mongolia, 2018.
3. Gantulga.G. (Ed.). White book on traffic safety. 2019.
4. Law on Government Special Funds, 2019.
5. Mongolian Law on Traffic Safety, 2015.
6. Resolution No. 146 of the Government of Mongolia of 2018
7. Mongolian traffic rules, 2019.
8. Graduatoin information of Darkhan Medical School of MNUMS. 2021-2022.
9. [Electronic Resource]. URL: Retrieved fromLegalinfo.mn/ (date of access: 09.11.2022).
10. Traffic accidents, crimes and incidents, 2021.
11. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://ubinfo.mn/read/10381/ (date of access: 09.11.2022).
12. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://mrtd.gov.mn/up/news/Auto_teever/tsagaan-nom-2019-zassan.pdf/ (date of access: 09.11.2022).
13. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://legalinfo.mn/mn/detail/14848/ (date of access: 09.11.2022).
14. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://www.nso.mn/ (date of access: 09.11.2022).
