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4
UDK 331.45
Sulaymanov S., Doctor of Technical Sciences professor of the Department of Technosphere Safety Tashkent State Transport University
Kamilov Kh.M. basic doctoral student (PhD) Tashkent State Transport University Uzbekistan, Tashkent
RESULTS OF INTEGRAL SCORE ASSESSMENT OF TRAIN DISPATCHERS BY SERIOUS AND STRENGTH OF WORKING CONDITIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SINGLE DISPATCH CENTER OF UZBEKISTAN RAILWAYS JOINT STOCK COMPANY)
Annotation: The article describes the values, parameters, levels of hazardous and harmful factors of production in the Single Dispatch Center, taking into account the rooms where train dispatchers operate, the technical means they use (radio, PC, VDT, etc.) and the type and volume of work performed. Based on the results of the certification of working conditions in the workplace, using tools and methods of control and measuring equipment that provide sufficient reliability for detection, the results of the integrated score assessment of the working conditions of dispatchers by indicators of severity and stress. On the basis of the map of working conditions of the workplace, the category of severity of working conditions of train dispatchers,
Keywords: train dispatchers, working conditions, labor, weight, strain, fatigue, ability to work, certification, classes, integral points, assessment.
The role of railway transport in solving the problems of rapid development and optimal placement of the country's production capacity, bringing the economy to a new level of quality is invaluable. It should be noted that the solution of these problems lays a solid foundation for the steady rapid growth of the country's GDP and the well-being of the population [1].
Uzbekistan's railways are the most important transport artery in the country's economy. Today, the increase in the flow of passengers and freight, both inside and outside the country (neighboring and foreign countries), is further increasing the demand for rail transport. Efficient use of the railway system, ensuring the uninterrupted flow of passengers and freight leads to a sharp increase in the responsibility of train dispatchers of the Single Dispatch Center of JSC "Uzbekistan Railways" to make clear and alternative decisions in standard and non-standard situations and ensure their implementation [2,3]. The sharp increase in the responsibility of dispatchers and the huge flow of information that must be analyzed in decision-making are leading to a significant increase in the severity and stress of their working conditions [4,5,6]. Therefore, the development and
implementation of organizational, technical, economic and sanitary-hygienic solutions to study the working conditions of train dispatchers and ensure their full compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements, to ensure the safe movement of passenger and freight trains on schedule and is of practical importance.
During the certification of working conditions of train dispatchers, hygienic assessment of harmful and harmful hazardous production factors included in the working conditions maps of the workplace was measured using equipment, hygienic assessment of working conditions was carried out, recording the complex effects of hazardous and harmful factors. The results of the measurement and study of the harmful factors of the production environment and the labor process are included in the table of general assessment of working conditions in the workplace in terms of the degree of harmfulness and risk [7]. Then, a comparison of the established norms of harmful factors was made for the following workplaces: by relatively high harmful classes and levels; The total value of working conditions belongs to class 3.2, 3. The combined effect of 3 or more harmful factors in class 1; At values of 2 and more harmful factors belonging to classes 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, working conditions were assessed, respectively, by one degree higher class [8].
An analysis of the results of hygienic assessments of train dispatchers at the Single Dispatch Center based on the results of workplace attestation [8] showed that their working conditions are classified as 2.0 in terms of actual concentrations of harmful substances in the workplace, noise, infrared, ultrasound, vibration and radiation levels. 3.1 class, microclimate indicators in the cold period of the year, lighting environment of production rooms, 2.0 class on atmospheric pressure, 3.2 class on the severity of the work process, 3.3 on the effect of work process stress. belongs to the class [9].
The working conditions in the workplaces where train dispatchers work, according to the results of the general hygienic assessment, correspond to class
3.3 [9].
The complex effect of weight and stress on the working conditions of train dispatchers was assessed using the integrated scoring method. In this case, the scores were determined for the harmful and harmful factors of working conditions of classes 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, taking into account the time of exposure of each factor.
2.4 points for exceeding the permissible level of noise in the workplace (RED), 5 points for performing work movements (with fingers) during the shift (stereotype), 5 points for the body in an awkward position (awkward posture) during the shift, the object 3 points for the duration of the observation period, 2.4 points for the size of the observation of the object, 3 points for the duration of continuous work during the shift, 6 points for the occurrence of nervous stress [10].
Based on the results obtained, the evaluation of the workload of train dispatchers based on integral points of labor and stress characteristics using the following formula
identified [10]:
where xmax is the maximum value of the factor points taken into account in the assessment, xmax = 6 points; n is the total number of factors, n = 7; xi is the score of the i-factor being taken into account, i = 1,2,3,... n, which are the sum of the scores, Ef=i*t = 26,8 based.
Evaluation of the weight of labor activity by the value of integral points showed that the severity of the activity of train dispatchers is the sixth category [10].
The total sum of the harmful factor factors taken into account £f=1Xi = 26,8 based, train dispatchers can determine the percentage value of fatigue that occurs during a shift. In this case, it is advisable to use the empirical formula developed by researchers [10]:
here: £f=1 ^ = 26,8-the total sum of the scores of the factors taken into account; 15.6 and 0.64 - regression coefficients;
According to the calculation, the fatigue of dispatchers during the shift is 18%. The percentage value of the work capacity of train dispatchers during the shift by the numerical value of the fatigue state was determined using the following formula:
R = 100 - U = 82%, where: U = 18% - fatigue state, in percent; 100% - the ability of the dispatcher to work in comfortable working conditions, in percent;
In conclusion, the integrated scoring method was used to determine the quantitative values of quality indicators of working conditions, in which the weight and strain of working conditions of train dispatchers is 6 degrees, fatigue is 18%, working capacity is 82%, working conditions of train dispatchers. It is advisable to pay an additional 12% overtime (compensation) [10].
References:
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3. S. Sulaymanov, XM Kamilov. Analysis of the results of video timing of the work of the train dispatcher (on the example of the train dispatcher of the single dispatch center of the joint-stock company "Uzbekistan Railways") // Vestnik TashIIT 2019 god №2, P. 215-220.
4. Rashidov V. A., Buronov IB Izuchenie tyajesti i napryajennosti trudovogo protsessa poezdnyx dispetcherov jeleznoy dorogi // Molodoy uchenyy 2016 god №8.6, S. 10-12;
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7. Regulations of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the procedure for certification of workplaces on working conditions and the risk of injury to equipment" // Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 15, 2014 No 263, Tashkent, 2014;
8. The results of the certification of JSC "Uzbekistan Railways" on the working conditions and the risk of injury to equipment // Tashkent 2018;
9. S. Sulaymanov, XM Kamilov. Analiz rezultatov otsenke usloviya truda poezdnyx dispetcherov yedinogo dispetcherskogo sentra Aktsionernogo Obshchestvo «O'zbekiston temir yol'lari» // Безопасность жизнедейательность гласами молодежи: сборник материалов В Всеросийской студенческой центральной. S. 204-206.
10. PN Solonshchikov, RM Gorbunov. Safety of labor on the working mestax. Uchebnoe posobie. Kirov. 2015g.-35-38 p.
