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11RESEARCH PERIODONTAL MICROFLORA OF PERIODONTAL POCKETS WITH PERIODONTITIS MOLECULAR GENETIC METHODS
Prof. Bayakmetova A. A. master Ekesheva A. A. ass. Dolgikh V. R.
Almaty, Kazakhstan
Kazakh National Medical University named after SD Asfendiyarov
Abstract. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of periodontal microflora of periodontal pockets in 20 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity molecular genetic methods. The method of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tanerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas endodontalis contents of periodontal pockets. In 100% of cases of periodontal observation Tannerella forsythia were discovered karmanaah and Fusobacterium nucleatum, 60% of patients were identified by Prevotella intermedia Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans identified only one patient (5%). Number ofparodontopatogennyh of microorganisms in Periodontal pockets content varied considerably, noted the prevalence of number of Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Tannerella forsythia.
Keywords: chronic periodontitis, polymerase chain reaction, the microflora ofperiodontal pockets.
Relevance of the topic. Depending on the pathogenic significance of parodontopathological microflora is divided into two groups [1, 2, 3]. The first group includes micro, playing a pivotal role in inflammatory periodontal diseases, which is usually associated with an aggressive character and the steady progression of inflammatory destructive process in the periodontium. Representatives of this group of Porphyromonas gingivalis Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tanerella and forsythia differ expressed virulence, resulting from the presence of these mechanisms to ensure the adhesion of periodontal structures, suppressing local protective reactions, destructive impact on periodontal tissue. Such mechanisms include Pilus gingipain and Porphyromonas gingivalis from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, leycotoxin, Glyco-, and proteolytic enzymes, as well as the ability to induce apoptosis in cell structures periodontal Tanerella have forsythia. The second group of microorganisms play a minor role is less virulent, but they have the expressed ability to form microbial association with representatives of the first group. Microbial endotoxins penetrates easily through a thin epithelium dentogingival attachment and in violation of the dynamic equilibrium "germs-local protection system" cause a cascade of immunopathological reactions, resulting in the development of inflammatory destruction of the periodontal tissues. Known work, pointing to the important role of microorganisms in parodontopathological development not only inflammatory destructive process in the periodontium, but severe General diseases, which undoubtedly leads to high social significance of health problems [4, 5, 6, 7, 8].
Parodontopathological microflora identification methods until recently were restricted to technical difficulties, it was decided that with the advent of molecular-genetic technique or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), based on the DNA of microorganisms [9, 10, 11]. However, to date, research in the identification of parodontopathological microflora of molecular-genetic method sufficiently few and far between, which prompted to undertake this work.
The aim of the study was qualitative and quantitative characteristics of parodontopathological microflora in the Periodontal pockets in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis.
Material and methods study. Material of the research was the contents of periodontal pockets of 20 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis moderately aged less than 50 years without severe primary pathology. Fence material carried out with sterile paper pins No. 25, which are
then placed in sterile disposable plastic containers and sent to study genomic research institute laboratory of B. Atchabarova.
Parodontopathological identification of the microflora in the Periodontal pockets content conducted PCR multi primer technique. Selection of DNA was carried out by a set of "DNA-express" (NPF "LITECH", Moscow). Detection of DNA of parodontopathological microflora: Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, conducted by PCR with the detection result in "real time" set "Fluoropol-RV (NPF" LITECH ", Moscow). The amplification device "Rotor-Gene 6000 (Corbett Research) according to the following program: initial denaturation of DNA at a temperature of 95° c for 1 min 30 sec; 40 cycles that include denaturation DNA at a temperature of 95° c for 15 seconds, annealing primers at a temperature of 60° c for 30 seconds, synthesis of complementary chains at a temperature of 72° c for 40 seconds. To work with sets of FLUOROPOL used Green channels (specific signal) and Yellow (internal control signal). When performing PCR with detection results in real time measurements were carried out in each round amplification. Upon completion of the reaction device built on the basis of the received data curves accumulation of fluorescent signal.
Sensitivity analysis for pathogens:
Porphyromonas endodontalis - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
Porphyromonas gingivalis - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
Treponema denticola - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
Prevotella intermedia - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
Fusobacterium nucleatum - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
Tannerella forsythia - 104 Genome equivalents/ml;
The results obtained. Table 1 presents the incidence of various types of parodontopathological flora in patients with periodontal Pocket contents, chronic generalized periodontitis moderately.
Table 1
Types Groups (n=20)
n %
Tannerella forsythia 20 100
Fusobacterium nucleatum 20 100
Prevotella intermedia 12 60
Treponema denticola 12 60
Porphyromonas endodontalis 12 60
Porphyromonas gingivalis 4 20
Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans 1 5
As can be seen from the results obtained from micro-organisms first group all examined patients identified microorganism Tanerella forsythia, while Porphyromonas gingivalis was determined only in 20% of cases, and Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans only one patient (5%). Detection of microorganisms in the second group showed in 100% of cases the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum, 60% of patients were identified by Prevotella intermedia Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas endodontalis.
Frequency of occurrence of parodontopatogennyh species of microorganisms in periodontal Pocket contents. Quantitative characteristic of parodontopatogennoj microflora is presented in table 2. As the table shows the number of parodontopatogennyh microorganisms was essentially variable size, varying from hundreds to share 1 • 106.
The first group of the microorganisms quantitatively, as well as on the frequency detection of noted the prevalence of Tannerella forsythia. In the second group should select indicators of Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas endodontalis, which were more than in other types of hundreds of times. In Figure 1. 2 and 3 showing the quantitative ratio of the microorganisms of the first and second groups.
Table 2
Types Groups (n=20)
М М
Tannerella forsythia 6,8 106 2,97
Fusobacterium nucleatum 13,5106 10,60
Prevotella intermedia 613,1106 498,11
Treponema denticola 4,5 106 3,73
Porphyromonas endodontalis 202,1 106 189,58
Porphyromonas gingivalis 0,07106 0,045
Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans 4,0106 0
Fig. 1. Quantitative ratio of the microorganisms in the first group
Fig. 2. Quantitative ratio of the microorganisms in the second group.
Conclusion.
1. Contents of the Periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity in 100% of cases were detected in monitoring Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum, 60% of patients were identified by Prevotella intermedia Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans identified only one patient (5%).Количество пародонтопатогенных микроорганизмов в содержимом пародонтальных карманов больных с хроническим генерализованным пародонтитом средней степени тяжести существенно варьирует. Превалирует количество Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas endodontalis и Tannerella forsythia.
2. The results of molecular genetic studies of periodontitis allow you to assign adequate antibacterial therapy.
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ВЛИЯНИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА УМСТВЕННУЮ РАБОТОСПОСОБНОСТЬ И ПАМЯТЬ СТУДЕНТОВ
МЕДИКОВ
к.м.н. Пахомова Д. К.
Ковалева Г. А.
Серсаулетова А. С.
Иманбаева А.
Горбунова А. В.
Дундукова Р. С.
Республика Казахстан, г Караганда, Карагандинский Государственный медицинский институт
Abstract. The article is devoted to the research of impact of new teaching technologies on mental performance and some physiological indicators of students. It was found decrement of indicators of mind performance and memory.
Keywords: mental performance, indicators of mind performance, memory, students
В рамках развертывания Болонского процесса в Казахстане проблема совершенствования качества подготовки врачей приобретает все большую актуальность. Управление качеством медицинского образования предполагает четкое формулирование целей, методов и критериев их достижения на всех этапах подготовки будущих врачей всех специальностей. Поэтому главной стратегической целью подготовки является готовность выпускников после окончания учебного заведения к профессиональной деятельности в соответствии со стандартами. Разработка, внедрение и использование новых инновационных технологий в образовании и самообразовании, направленных на формирование навыков клинического мышления по-прежнему является актуальной задачей.
Постоянный рост объемов медицинской информации и относительное ограничение времени на ее анализ диктует необходимость оптимизации навыков синтетического мышления, которые нередко должны выполняться на «подсознательном уровне», автоматически.
