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12RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY OF PREPARATION OF SPECIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF HELMINTHIASIS OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Semchenko K.
PhD of Pharmacy, Associate Professor of Department of Pharmaceutical Technology of Drugs, NUPh
Vyshnevska L.
Doctor of Pharmacy, Professor, Head of Department of Pharmaceutical Technology of Drugs, NUPh
Abstract
Helminthiases of the digestive system are the most numerous group of invasive diseases on the territory of Ukraine. In order to expand the range of drugs for the third stage of treatment of intestinal helminthiasis (elimination of the consequences of the disease and restoration of the patient's body), a composition was proposed and a technology for preparing an anthelmintic collection based on medicinal plant materials was substantiated.
Keywords: helminthiasis, species, technology, plant raw material
Helminthiases is the worldwide healthcare problem
Introduction. According to the WHO, parasitic diseases in the world affect about 4.5 million people [5, 7, 8]. According to official statistics, 300-400 thousand cases of helminthiasis are registered in Ukraine every year, 80% of them in children [11]. Although, according to some epidemiological studies the incidence of the population of Ukraine is 2 million cases annually [1, 5]. Even with an imperfect accounting system, the annual incidence of helminthiasis in Ukraine reaches 1333 cases per 100 thousand population [3].
The main stages of the clinical course of intestinal helminthiasis are:
1. Acute. Manifested in the form of general allergic and toxic reactions.
2. Latent. Usually not accompanied by clinical manifestations.
3. Chronic. Clinical manifestations are individual.
4. Complications [3, 10].
Pharmacotherapy of helminthiasis usually consists of the following stages:
• preparatory (often involves taking antihista-mines),
• etiotropic treatment,
• correction of the consequences and complications of the disease.
It is also important to follow the rules of nutrition
[3].
The use of medicinal plants is the fundamental basis of folk medicine that covers the experience of many generations and is the basis for the creation of many medicines. Helminthiases treatment is not an exception.
Foreign experience of helminthiases treatment does not recommend using herbal remedies at any stage of therapeutic scheme, including complementary therapy. However, research on the anthelminthic action of plant extracts are carried out. For example, in the EU
and the UK elfwort is recommended as anthelmintic remedy [9].
In Asian countries herbal remedies, including those for helminth infestations treatment, are extensively used and studied. Chinese traditional medicine uses hundreds of different medicinal plants. Pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duch) and day-lily (Heme-rocallis thumbergii) deserves special attention in hel-minthiases treatment, as their anthelminthic activity has been clinically proven [2, 4, 9]. The active study of an-thelminthic activity of plants takes place in India. The greatest attention is given to such plants extract as Swietenia Mahagoni, Acalypha indica L., Euphorbia hirta, Piliostaigma thonningii, Butae monosperma, Cucurbita maxima, Punica granatum, Capparis decidua, Capparis spinosa, Anacardium occidentalem, Mi-musops elengi bark, Cleome icoosandra, Zingiber of-ficinalis, Piper longum, Trychyspermum ammi, Acorus calamus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Cuminum cyminum, Saussurea lappa [2, 4, 6, 9].
The purpose of this work is to substantiate the composition and develop a technology for collecting anthelmintic drugs based on medicinal plant materials.
Materials and methods. The research objects were such medicinal plant raw material as tansy flowers (No. UA / 7116/01/01), wormwood bitter herb (SPU1 2.0, pp. 428-430), centaury herb (UA / 8472/01/01), wormwood flower (Specification), buckthorn bark (SPU 2.0, p. 360-361), elecampane rhizomes with roots (No. UA / 5682/01/01), dandelion herb with roots (SPU 2.0, p. 364), ginger rhizomes (SPU 2.0, p. 336), valerian rhizomes with roots (SPU 2.0, pp. 257-260), chamomile flowers (SPU 2.0, pp. 445-448).
Results. On the basis of the data of the previously conducted analysis of the herbal remedies used in the treatment of intestinal helminthiasis [9], the composition of the species, which maximally reflects the needs of the patient's body at the 3rd stage of treatment, was proposed (Table 1).
1 SPU - State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine
Table 1
Composition of anthelminthic species for the 3rd stage of treatment
Ingredient Mass. %
tansy flowers 15.0
wormwood bitter herb 15.0
centaury herb 15.0
wormwood flower 10.0
buckthorn bark 10.0
elecampane rhizomes with roots 10.0
dandelion herb with roots 10.0
ginger rhizomes 5.0
valerian rhizomes with roots 5.0
chamomile flowers 5.0
Total: 100.0
Technology of preparation. Successively place crushed and sifted from dust plant raw materials into the mixing tank: 5.0 g of ginger rhizomes, valerian rhizomes with roots and chamomile flowers, 10.0 g of elecampane rhizomes with roots, wormwood flowers, dandelion herb with roots and buckthorn bark, 15.0 g of centaury herb , wormwood bitter herb and tansy flowers.
The mixture is thoroughly mixed until homogeneous, quality control is carried out (in accordance with the requirements of the SPU and current legislation) and placed in a package for release. Glue the prescription number and fill in the front page of the written control passport.
Packaging. The species is placed in a package (primary packaging) and a pack (secondary packaging), which is marked with the labels "Internal", "Keep out of reach of children", "Store in a dark place", "Store in a cool place".
Conditions and term of storage. 10 days in the place protected from light.
Appearance. Species (mixture of particles of medicinal plant raw materials with a specific odor).
Usage. As prescribed by a doctor in the form of infusion.
Discussion. The species shows anthelmintic, an-tiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiseptic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, laxative, antiallergic, antispasmodic, analgesic, sedative activity and can be used to treat helminthiasis of the digestive system.
The introduction of the proposed composition and technology of anthelmintic collection will expand the range of extemporaneous drugs and provide the opportunity for quality preparation of the drug in pharmacies.
Conclusion. The composition and technology of preparation of the species of anthelmintic for the 3 rd stage of treatment of helminthiasis of the digestive system are described.
The proposed technology complies with the standards of species preparation in the conditions of pharmaceutical compounding. However, this technology does not reflect possible risks when adapting it for industrial production.
Thus, the next stage of the research is the develop-
ment of quality control methods, as well as the development of industrial technology of antihelminthic species.
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