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педагогические науки
Соснина Наталья Георгиевна МЕТОДИКА РАЗВИТИЯ ...
УДК 372.881.1
МЕТОДИКА РАЗВИТИЯ НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ
© 2018
Соснина Наталья Георгиевна, старший преподаватель кафедры «Иностранных языков» Уральский государственный экономический университет (620144, Россия, Екатеринбург, улица 8Марта/Народной Воли, 62/45, e-mail: natalya789@yandex.ru)
Аннотация. В условиях системы реформирования высшего образования научно-исследовательская компетенция становится одной из самых необходимых когнитивных компетенций. Цель данного исследования заключается в разработке теоретически-обоснованной и экспериментально проверенной методики развития научно-исследовательской компетенции в процессе изучения дисциплины «Иностранный язык». Научно-исследовательская деятельность проводится в университетах с целью совершенствования профессиональных навыков будущих специалистов, развития их творческих способностей и осознания необходимости дальнейшего профессионального самосовершенствования. Автор уточняет определении научно-исследовательской компетенции, обобщая специфические особенности научно-исследовательской деятельности в ее содержании. Анализируются организационно-педагогические условия развития научно-исследовательской компетенции. Результаты внедрения данной методики подлежат глубокому анализу. Намечена перспектива дальнейшего исследования относительно использования междисциплинарных интеграций.
Ключевые слова: научное мировоззрение, когнитивная компетенция, научно-исследовательская компетенция, внутренняя мотивация, личный опыт, творческие способности, нелингвистический вуз, языковая среда, международное профессиональное сообщество, организационно-педагогические условия, междисциплинарные интеграции.
RESEARCH COMPETENCE METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
© 2018
Sosnina Natalya Georgievna, assistant professor of the chair "Foreign Languages" Ural State University of Economics (620144, Russia, Yekaterinburg, st. 8 March/Narodnoy Voly, 62/45, e-mail: natalya789@yandex.ru)
Abstract. In terms of reforms in higher education, research competence becomes one of the most important cognitive competencies. Thus the aim of this article is to develop a theoretically based and experimentally proven methodology for the bachelor's research competence building throughout the English language teaching system. Research activities have always been organized at the universities to improve the level of professional skills of future specialists, to enhance their creative abilities and awareness of the need for continuous professional self-development. The author clarifies the content of the competence under study combining the peculiarities of research activity in its content. The organizational and pedagogical conditions are discussed and analyzed. The results of the development possess are given a thorough analysis. It is also added that the research competence is the field to develop inter discipline connection.
Keywords: scientific worldview, general cognitive competence, research competence, inner motivation, personal experience, creative abilities, non-linguistic university, language environment, international professional community, organizational and pedagogical conditions, inter discipline connection.
Problem statement in general view and its connection with important scientific and practical tasks.
The modern stage of society development imposes new requirements to the quality of specialists training, consisting in the formation of the scientific worldview of graduates capable of continuous professional growth. At the same time, in Russian higher school the unique conditions for organic and faster implementation within the framework of the competence approach exist. The same situation happens to research competence.
The analysis of the educational standard for specialization "100100 Service" shows that the set requirements for the training level of graduates in the field of social and cultural services is provided largely by the concretization of research and communication competencies both at the general cultural and professional level. Thus, the author considers it reasonable to complete the discipline "English language" content with research one, thus implementing the principles of interdisciplinary connection and modularity of bachelor training.
In the situation of higher professional education modernization and innovation when the results of studying the basic educational disciplines are of great importance, research competence becomes one of the most important competencies among the ones. It should be mentioned that research activities have been used to improve the level of professional training of future specialists, enhance their creative abilities and awareness of the need for continuous professional self-development. Some aspects of the competence under consideration, namely, the building of research skills and getting experience of research activities are covered in the works by V.I. Andreev, S.I. Arkhangelsky, V.I. Zagvyazinsky, I.A. Shashenkova, A.V. Khutor, S.L. Bukovsky as well as in a number of research works [1]. These authors point to the need for creative self-realization of students in the process of creating educational products
in the studied areas of knowledge. However, the analysis of the literature on the problem of research shows that there are a number of unresolved issues related to the research competence definition, its structure and content.
Analysis of recent researches and publications, which dealt with aspects of this issue and the author refers to; unsolved parts of the problem highlighting. The modern methods of teaching English in terms of psychological, social and linguistic conditions are covered by J. Rimondy. He paid a special attention to the need of inner motivation and personal experience in the studying process [2].
The techniques to activate the independent work of students in the study of foreign languages are discussed by L.P. Varenina. The author describes the methods student's independent work activation basing on both professional and personal qualities of teacher [3].
Some aspects of creative English teaching in non-linguistic universities are analyzed in the research by S.L. Bukovsky. He provides a detailed methodological and psychological analysis of creativity in teaching a foreign language [1].
The issue of teaching graduates in the process of scientific creativity at high school, including pedagogical universities, is studied in the works by S.I. Arkhangelsky, V.V. Kraevsky, V.A. Slastenin, H.P. Podymova, V.I. Zagvyazinsky, L.I. Lurye, A.V. Khutorskoy, M. A. Galiguzova and many others [4], [5]. The process of pedagogical research organization is mainly revealed in these works.
Specific discussion of the problem studied was given to the methodological dimension of scientific knowledge in terms of technical and economic university by V.I. Andreev, B.A. Mukusheva, I.S. Barchukov and others. The ways to optimize the educational process by means of scientific knowledge, as well as the question of interdisciplinary and private scientific research methods and the ways of student's research organization are summarized and analyzed there.
Sosnina Natalya Georgievna RESEARCH COMPETENCE ..
pedagogical sciences
However, these studies due to the narrow professional specification do not take into account the possibility of conducting scientific activity in the global professional space.
Nowadays a certain number of research papers analyses the problems of scientific knowledge organization by means of foreign language. In this regard the research by Y.A. Komarova, devoted to the research competence building by means of foreign languages in the linguistic university, is of great interest. In addition to the relevance of foreign languages the author reveals the specific structure of the competence discussed, as well as the need to create a didactic system of its building process.
The analysis of the problems mentioned allows to draw a conclusion that today there is a developed scientific and methodical base for studying the possibility of research competence building by means of foreign languages. However, the item of training bachelors in a non-linguistic university is still undeveloped.
Defining the purposes of the article and setting the tasks. Thus, the essence of this article is to develop a theoretically based and experimentally proven methodology for the bachelor's research competence building throughout the English language teaching system.
To order to achieve this goal the following tasks are set:
1. To reveal the content of research competence on the basis of the specificity of professional research activity and competence structure.
2. To develop a methodology for the research competence building basing on the set of educational and research tasks in English.
3. To test the effectiveness of the given methodology for the research competence building in the process of teaching English to the tourism industry bachelors.
4. To state the organizational and pedagogical conditions appropriate to develop the competence under study.
4. To analyze the results of experimental studies.
Presentation of the main research material with full provement of the results. As a component of the graduates potential quality the research competence is built on the basis of knowledge, skills and ability of the future specialist to solve professional problems.
To determine the content of research competence we have identified the specific patterns of research activities and related professional tasks.
Research competence is used in a special kind of cognitive activity which has a research, exploratory nature, aimed at obtaining new knowledge. As a result of scientific research, knowledge must meet the criteria of scientific competence, including objectivity, general significance, validity, verifiability and falsifiability. Thus a working definition of future specialist research competence is described as the ability of graduates to obtain new knowledge about the processes and phenomena of professional reality corresponding to the criteria of research activity.
This ability includes three sub competences:
- methodological;
- communicative;
- reflexive.
Taking into consideration of the aspects above in the context of this article the research competence is understood as an integrative characteristic of the graduate, aimed at improving the quality of professional sphere objects, that consists of possessing the methodology of scientific creativity, the ability to build probabilistic forecasts and conduct scientific communication at a professional level.
The conditions of training graduates focused on of scientific research in the global professional space, are complicated by the specifics of non-linguistic university. This is primarily due to the lack of a language environment that allows direct contact with the representatives of the international professional community. It should also be noted that non-profile status of foreign language discipline that affects the number of classroom hours and, as a
consequence, the quality of student's knowledge. In addition to the above the specific feature of the target audience should be taken into consideration. The heterogeneity of language level and motivation make it difficult to professionally-oriented teaching English at the university.
The theories and approaches analyzed are focused on the research competence building by means of the native language that, in this case, leaves an important aspect of foreign academic communication undeveloped. It should be added that there is a lack of research competence in the content of "Foreign language" discipline at a time when there is a unity in the specification of research and communication competencies [6].
Today the process of research competence building can not be limited only by means of professional disciplines. Competitiveness and professional mobility of modern graduates due to the fundamental changes in society are largely determined by their ability to scientific research and communication along the international professional community. As a result the introduction of research competence in the new content of "Foreign language" discipline becomes obvious.
Besides, the process of the competence under consideration building should correspond to the model of professional innovation activity of a tourism industry manager and should take into account the social and cultural, life-oriented context [7]. It makes the case for the necessity of using traditional forms of professional research activity in the process of bachelor's teaching. An integral form of professional development is a set of events. Congress and exhibition, presentations of new directions and scientific conferences in various international segments are among of them. The creative potential of these forms served as the basis to design the concept of professionally-oriented student's conference in English as a means of research competence building.
Our concept is based on the idea of interaction expediency of civil society institutions in the process of bachelor's training in the system of professionally-oriented conference, the last been focused on the creation of optimal didactic conditions for free scientific research in order to build research competence and for subsequent integration of bachelors in the open educational and professional space.
To ensure the success of research competence development, a system of organizational and pedagogical conditions was identified:
- implementation of science — state — economy — education integration;
- a set of research tasks building;
- maximum approximation of the research tasks content to the conditions of the future profession;
- providing each participant with an access to information resources;
- organization of research events at all stages of studying;
- involvement of employers to the development of studying content and assessment of research competence development level;
- creating the situations of reflection in order to form a positive motivation for the future profession, an active life position and responsibility for own actions.
Summarizing the given result, it should be stressed that the research competence is believed to solve the acute problem of methodological concretization and measurement of competencies in the system of higher education since I is the general cognitive competence that is a prerequisite for the development of functional professional competencies. In turn, the research activities and events can become the optimal form of both organization and assessing forms as they are the closest to the real conditions of scientific and research activities in the process of intercultural professional communication. They provide the final speech product which gives the broad opportunities for assessing not only knowledge, skills, and abilities, but also readiness to carry out such activities.
The findings of the study and the prospects for further
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Azimuth of Scientific Research: Pedagogy and Psychology. 2018. X 7. № 4(25)
педагогические науки
Соснина Наталья Георгиевна МЕТОДИКА РАЗВИТИЯ ...
research. In order to identify the productivity of the building methodology of research competence in a non-linguistic university, a survey of students and teachers of the Ural state university of economics and the Ural state pedagogical university has been conducted. The results of the students' survey determined the positive attitude of half of the respondents to research work done in foreign language (54%), only a small part of students demonstrated disinterest in this type of activity (4%) and the other half stated their attitude as neutral (42%). These indicators can be explained by the lack of targeted research training in the context of the "Foreign language" discipline and, as a consequence, the lack of experience in research activity.
The survey of teachers was aimed at identifying the means used by them to build the studied competence in the process of teaching English. The results showed a variety of research work organizational forms that included the traditional articles co-writing (39%), declaring a report in English in the conferences (22%), and the organization of the necessary scientific information search in English (30%).
According to the specialists in the field of philosophical, psychological, general pedagogical and specific academic sphere the educational situation is a condition for the productive students' personality and their creative abilities building [8]. The creation of scientific research situations in the process of teaching English will help to mainstream all the professional research activities principles and laws and, thus, will facilitate the process of effective research competence building.
The further research should be done to build the program of research competence self-development since in general this activity involves a great amount of independent study. Then the interdisciplinary connections would be of great importance, they could provide the profound results for graduate's research paper.
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3. Varenina L.P. Metodicheskiye priemy, aktiviziruyuschiye sa-mostoyatelynuyu rabotu studentov pri izuchenii inostrannogo yazyka // Pedagogoka i psihologiya obrazovaniya. 2018. № 1. S. 84-89.
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Статья поступила в редакцию 29.10.2018
Статья принята к публикации 27.12.2018
