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93Scientific Journal Impact Factor
УДК:9(58):323(584.4) RELATIONS BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND TURKEY IN VARIOUS
FIELDS OF CULTURE AND ART.
Imamov Bobir Khojanazarovich Karshi Engineering Economic Institute, Karshi, Uzbekistan
Abstract. This article highlights the important issues of mutual cooperation in the fields of science, education, culture and art at a new stage of relations between the countries of Uzbekistan and Turkey. Also, opinions on the specific aspects of the relations between the two countries in the fields of general Secondary Education, Higher Education, as well as prospective agreements are expressed. The article covers all aspects of cooperation in the field of education, culture, art, as well as information on the meetings of the heads of the two countries at the highest level. In turn, it serves close and effective cooperation of scientific and cultural circles of the two countries. The article analyzes the process of cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey in the field of multifaceted education, which is carried out through the implementation of actual problems, mutual internships and scientific trips, as well as participation in international scientific conferences and symposiums, such as the establishment of close relations between scientists and research centers of the two countries. Close relations between the two countries are still carried out today in the form of scientific personnel and labor exchange. The multifaceted scientific-pedagogical cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey, considered in the article, is characterized by the following features: bilateral agreements and agreements in the scientific sphere; direct scientific research in the field of natural, exact and humanitarian Sciences; implementation of mutual internships and scientific trips; conducting scientific-practical conferences.
Key words: cooperation, culture, education, tourism, poet, art, folklore, theater, education system, museum, historical monument, music festival.
Аннотация. В данной статье освещены важные вопросы сотрудничества между Узбекистаном и Турцией на новом этапе их отношений в области науки, образования, культуры и искусства. Также были высказаны мнения об особенностях и перспективных договоренностях между двумя странами в сфере общего среднего образования, высшего образования. В статье представлена информация о встречах лидеров двух стран на высшем уровне, а также освещены все аспекты сотрудничества в сфере образования, культуры, искусства. Это, в свою очередь, будет способствовать тесному и
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плодотворному сотрудничеству научных и культурных кругов двух стран. В статье анализируется процесс многопланового образовательного сотрудничества Узбекистана и Турции по таким актуальным проблемам, как установление тесных связей между учеными и научно-исследовательскими центрами двух стран, проведение взаимных стажировок и научных поездок, а также участие в международных научных конференциях и симпозиумах. Тесные контакты осуществляются и сегодня в форме обмена научными кадрами и рабочей силой. Рассмотренное в статье многостороннее узбекско-турецкое научно-педагогическое сотрудничество характеризуется следующими особенностями: двусторонние соглашения и соглашения в научной сфере; прямые научные исследования в области естественных, точных и гуманитарных наук; взаимные стажировки и научные поездки; проведение научно-практических конференций.
Ключевые слова: сотрудничество, культура, образование, туризм, поэт, искусство, фольклор, театр, система образования, музей, исторический памятник, музыкальный фестиваль.
Especially in Uzbekistan, the formation of a system of organizations dealing with foreign countries and international organizations during the period of independence, the establishment of trade-economic and cultural-humanitarian relations with them, and raising these ties to the level of cooperation have become one of thepressing issues. In particular, Uzbekistan and Turkey have established partnerships with two Turkey states, which are closely interconnected with common history, single language and religion, common values and similar traditions.
In recent years, relations between the two countries have been in a completely new fashion, due to the political initiatives and activities of the leaders of the two countries. Indeed, "We will never forget that Turkey, which has been a close friend and economic partner for us, is the first country to recognize the independence of Uzbekistan"[1, p. 390].
In the recent years, due to the political will and determination of the leaders of the two countries, a completely new page has appeared in relations between our two countries. The importance of establishing cooperation in the field of foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, including economic and cultural relations with the Republic of Turkey can be explained as follows:
INTRODUCTION
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- Turkey is the first country to recognize the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan in more than 250 countries around the world and thus has begun the process of its recognition as a new state on the world map.
- Ethnic origin, language, religion, lifestyle, spirituality, traditions and traditions of the Uzbek and Turkish peoples are very closely related and brotherly nations.
- Based on principles such as peace, stability, equality, mutual trust, respect and interest, and non-use of foreign policy, Uzbekistan remains a supporter and initiator of bilateral and multilateral agreements in foreign relations [2, p. 71].
The leaders of the two countries met in May 2017 during a meeting of the Presidents of Uzbekistan and Turkey at the international forum "One Place, One Way" in Beijing. Shavkat Mirziyoyev and RecepTayyip Erdogan continued the trust dialogue at the Science and Technology Summit of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation on 10 September in Astana[3].
REFERENCES AND METHODS
During the meetings, it was noted that Uzbekistan and Turkey have untapped opportunities in trade and economic, investment, tourism, agricultural processing, textiles, transport and many other areas, and measures have been taken to expand cooperation in this area.
President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan visited the city of Samarkand on November 17-18, 2016 and visited the grave of the First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov. Acting President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev and President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan held talks at the Forum Complex in Samarkand [4, p. 4].
The intergovernmental meetings and agreements aimed at developing this cooperation laid the foundation for the state visit of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev to Turkey on October 25-26, 2017, and this state visit showed that relations between the two countries have entered a new stage. During the visit, a business forum was held between the business community in the areas of construction of large energy facilities and road infrastructure, production of textiles, electrical equipment, construction materials, food and agro-industrial complex worth $ 3.5 billion[5]. More than a dozen project agreements have been signed. Based on this, the visit of the President of Turkey to Uzbekistan opens new opportunities for the development and enhancement of effective cooperation and is a logical continuation of constructive and open dialogue between the leaders of the two countries and the two peoples [6, p.21]. Another important event in the sociopolitical life of our country was the visit of the President of the Republic of
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Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, to Uzbekistan on April 29, 2018 with a three-day state visit.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
At the invitation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan paid a state visit to Uzbekistan from April 29 to May 1, 2018 [7]. During the meeting, the two leaders discussed the current state of strategic relations between the two brotherly countries, prospects for their further development, expansion and deepening of bilateral cooperation in trade, economic, cultural and other spheres, and reaching concrete agreements on them. He expressed support for holding regular meetings of the Uzbek-Turkish joint intergovernmental commission on trade and economic cooperation.
The speech of the President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan to the members of parliament on April 30, 2018 praised the development of relations between the Oliy Majlis and the Grand National Assembly on the basis of mutual exchange of experience and information and the policy pursued in Uzbekistan. The high-ranking guest spoke about the glorious past of the Uzbek people, the invaluable contribution of our great ancestors to human civilization [8].
Issues of cultural cooperation at a new stage of Uzbek-Turkish relations.
Cooperation between the Republic of Turkey and the Republic of Turkey is one of the leading trends in the field of culture. We aim to clarify three aspects of this topic. These include education, science and arts.
Uzbekistan and Turkey have also agreed on the importance of cooperation in the fields of culture, education, sport, tourism and tourism in the fields of culture, tourism and arts, as well as the importance of cooperation between the two countries. The establishment of the ministries of ministries was implemented.
In the cultural relations between Turkey and Uzbekistan, cultural and art days of the two countries, the promotion of the literary and artistic creativity of the two countries, as well as the celebration of the day of the Republic of Turkey and the Independence Day and Navruz.
President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan The State visit of the Republic of Uzbekistan from April 29 to May 1, 2018 became an important step in the development of cultural relations between the two countries. President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan started his visit to Bukhara region by visiting the Bahouddin Nakshband complex[9]. More than a dozen project agreements have been signed. Based on this, the visit of the President of Turkey to
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Uzbekistan opens new opportunities for the development and enhancement of effective cooperation and is a logical continuation of constructive and open dialogue between the leaders of the two countries and the two peoples [10, p. 21]. Watching Ark's Ark in Bukhara, visited thousands of exhibits and archaeological exhibits at the regional museum of local history, as well as visited the mosque of the mosque. At the Reception-hall at the center of the city, the regional artists presented national melodies that glorify international friendship.
Recep Tayyip Erdogan honored Uzbekistan with the words "Our country, Our eyes" and gives a high appraisal to the works of the Uzbek literary figures. He described Chulpan as "a poet awakening the people" claiming that the spirit of patriotism in his poem "The Flood" has been burning to the hearts of fraternal Turkish people for almost a century[11].
In his speech at the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan emphasized that the Turkish people viewed Uzbekistan as the fraternal country and the people of Uzbekistan. The scientific heritage of great thinkers such as Abu Rayhan Beruni, Abu Ali ibn Sina, Imam Bukhari, Bahouddin Nakshband, Hakim Termizi, as well as the light in the world of science. President of the Republic of Turkey, Rejep Erdogan spoke with excitement about the poems of Uzbek poets Abdulla Aripov "I Love Uzbekistan", Erkin Vakhidov's "Uzbegim"[12].
On November 28, 2017, the Minister of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan Bakhtiyar Sayfullaev and the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TIKA), Ali Ihsan Chaglar, held a meeting with the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan. During the meeting, the two countries discussed issues of mutual interest in the days of culture of the states, mutual assistance in the renovation of cultural heritage objects, introduction of theater tours, museums and cultural heritage (repairs of unique art and exhibits), master classes, to promote the world of craftsmanship (family contract) in Uzbekistan in order to study the heritage sites, attract grants, and develop tourism and selling tourists in Uzbekistan, in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, as well as in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the Bavarian Festival of Turkic Culture and the Memorandum on Mutual Cooperation in Other Cultural Fields, which will soon be signed on the Roadmap for 2018-2019 prioritized and perspective issues.
Relations between Uzbekistan and Turkey are also intensifying in promoting culture of the two countries and developing tourism, which today is one of the most profitable areas of the world economy. Turkey has been interested in Uzbekistan's
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historical monuments and unique architectural samples, national culture and art. The number of Uzbek tourists increases every year, with Turkish tourists reaching 10% of tourists coming to Uzbekistan[13]. Tourist firms and companies of Turkey have played a significant role in turning the tourism sector into one of the most important sectors of the economy. Uzbekistan has studied the world experience in this field, in particular, the experience of Turkish "drilling industry". Uzbekistan has become a regular participant in seminars and exhibitions in tourism in Turkey.
Cooperation between the two countries in the field of Science and education. One of the most important directions In the Uzbek-Turkish relations was the education system. In 1992 the Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Silm Company of Turkey adopted the "Program of Cooperation in the Field of Education for 1992-2000"[14, p. 2]. The Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan joint with the Republic of Turkey (SILM) established lyceums of Uzbekistan and Turkey in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, Bukhara, Samarkand, Namangan, Fergana, Khorezm regions and Tashkent city. The Silm Anonim Company has opened 11 more lyceums in 1993, with a total of 1065 students trained[15, p. 95].
In the first year of studying in Uzbek-Turkish lyceums, students were taught English and Turkish in the preparatory classes, and in the following year they received English in Specialization Sciences. This kind of lyceum students have achieved great successes at the national and international Olympiads. D.Kamolov, a student of Uzbek-Turkish lyceum in Tashkent in 1993, a pupil of the Uzbek-Turkish lyceum Namangan N. Husainov and D.Shamsiddinov won the golden medal at the International Olympiad on Environmental and Environmental Issues held in Istanbul in 1997-1998 [16, p. 48]. Uzbek 66 students studying in 1994-1995 academic year at 9 universities of the Republic of Turkey, and in the first three months of the 19951996 academic year, two more students returned to Uzbekistan. This figure was the highest among Central Asian countries studying in Turkey[17, p. 107].
By 2008, Uzbek-Turkish lyceums stopped working for various reasons. Turkey's ambassador to Uzbekistan Ahmad Bashar Shah said that they are related to Fethullah Gulen, the leader of the coup d'etat of July 15, 2016. At a time when the Fethullahashi terrorist organization, which simultaneously embraced itself as a connecting link and settled in 150-160 countries, long-term leaders in Uzbekistan were immediately aware of its original intentions. Its roots were totally destroyed. We must express it with gratitude, "said the Ambassador of Turkey to Uzbekistan.
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The ambassador said that the "FETO" is a new generation of terrorist organizations that have been targeted not only in Turkey but also in other countries, aimed at rebuilding the state, confidentiality and extortion. As it turned out, Fethullah Gulen opened private schools in 1970 and tried to influence young people on their minds [18].
In collaboration with the scientific community of Uzbekistan and the Republic of Turkey, The Institute of Geology and Geophysics of Uzbekistan, Atatürk University in Arzirum, Turkey, Science and Technology State Committee and Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council, Turkish FA Institute of Genetics, TÜBÍTAK Center of Turkey, Institute of Chemistry and Anadolu University of Turkey, Istanbul University, Institute of Nuclear Physics of ANAS [19, p. 30]. Great results have been achieved with the cooperation of scientists from these institutions. Scientists from Uzbekistan and Turkey collaborated in various fields of science. These two nations played an important role in furthering the friendship.
In the years to come, cooperation in the field of education between the two countries has intensified. In November 2018 in Kastamonu, Turkey, A scientific conference on studying the history of the Amir Temur and the Temurids was held in which Turkish and Uzbek historian scientists attended. The Professor of the University of Kastamonu, Cevdat Yakuboglu, "Relations of Amir Timur with Greater Amir Temur" with Isfandiyorbek, Professor of Marmara University in Istanbul Mehmet §ahingoz, "History of the Ottoman Empire in History", The Doctor of Historical Sciences Khurshida Yunusova, "Interethnic Relations in Uzbekistan in the 80s of the 20th Century" Tulkin Khait, The Deputy Chairman of Amir Temur International Charity Foundation, made a presentation on "Literary study of Amir Temur's image" [20].
On June 3, 2018, thirty religious scholars from a number of Turkish universities visited Bukhara region. A meeting was held with the heads and teachers of the Mir Arab High School in Bukhara, as well as with the heads and professors of higher education institutions from Turkish universities. Memorandum of Cooperation has been signed between the Mir Arab High Madrassah and the prestigious educational institutions such as the Ibn Khaldun University of the Republic of Turkey, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul University and Kastamonu University [21].
Cooperation between the two countries in the field of art. Uzbekistan and Turkey have been cooperating for many years in different areas of art. The artists of
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the two countries exchanged experiences in international conferences on music, fine arts, folklore, theater and cinema. Turkey has attracted great attention to the folklore and folk art of Uzbek folklore.
The International Mentioned Art Forum, which was held once every two years in Shakhrisabz, is a practical expression of the noble aspirations in this direction. The Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures to further develop the Uzbek national art scene" as of November 17, 2017 and the "International Forum of the Maqom Art Forum" of April 6, 2018 has begun the new era in the history of Uzbek classical music. About 300 artists from 73 countries took part in the International Conference of Contemporary Art in Shakhrisabz on September 6-10, 2018 [22]. The theater arts played an important role in the cooperation of Turkey and Turkey. Theater artists from both countries regularly exchanged experiences. Tourist performances by Uzbek singers from Turkey and Turkey were also organized.
There are traditions that remain unchanged between the two countries in various fields of culture. It has become a tradition for Turkish artists to take part in the Sharq Taronalari international music festival since 1997.
In general, Relations in the arts have been established in the relations between Uzbekistan and Turkey in music, fine arts, folklore, theater and cinema, and the artists of the two countries exchanged their experiences at international conferences. Especially, Art lovers in Turkey have a great interest in Uzbek folklore and bachery art. Turkish culture workers organized international expeditions to study Uzbek folk music and acquainted themselves with the bachelor's arts and activities of different regions of Uzbekistan. The cooperation in various fields of culture was based on traditions that remained unchanged between the two countries. Turkish artists took an active part in the Sharq Taronalari international music festival in Samarkand.
The following proposals and recommendations have been developed for the further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan's cultural humanitarian cooperation with Turkey:
1. Further development of cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey, jointly with research institutes in science, innovative technologies, social and humanitarian areas, development of new projects;
2. Exchanging experiences, scholarships, and scholarships among scholars;
Proposals and recommendations
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3. It is required to pay special attention to the effectiveness of the implementation of promising normative and legal acts on the education.
Turkish students in higher educational institutions of Uzbekistan. In conclusion, one of the most complex and urgent directions of cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey was the relationship in the education system. The partnership between the Ministry of Public Education of Uzbekistan and the Turkish company Silm has been developed and put into practice in the field of education for many years. Organization of lyceums - lyceums, organization of lyceums with curricula and programs agreed with the Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan took place. Lyceum students have gained positive results at the national and international Olympiads. However, these lyceums were identified by some terrorist organizations in Turkey, but they were closed. Scientists from Uzbekistan and Turkey collaborated in various fields of science. These two nations played an important role in furthering the friendship.
The relations between Uzbekistan and Turkey are developing in a wide range of fields, including the holding of national and cultural events, as well as international conferences, festivals, contests and international exhibitions organized by the Uzbek-Turkish Friendship Society and Uzbek-Turkish Cultural Centers.
The two countries have intensively cooperated in art, music, fine arts, folklore, theater and cinema. The artists met and met in international conferences. The Turkish art has attracted great attention from Turkish fans and expeditions on their study were organized. Turkish artists participated in the international music festival "Sharq Taronalari", which will be held in Samarkand. These partnerships in various fields of culture play an important role in the further development of mutual national and universal values between the two peoples.
1. Mirziyoyev.Sh. "We will continue our path of national development with determination and bring it to a new level." T: "Uzbekistan", 2017. p- 390.
2. Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. April 27, 2018. (In Uzbekistan).
3. Имамов Б.Х. The historical importance uzbek-turkish cooperation matters. "Evropean research" XIX Международной научно-практической конференции. Город Пенза, РФ. 7 февраля 2019. С. 71.
4. Rajabov Q., Bekmuratov X. From the history of economic and cultural cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey. - Tashkent: Tafakkur, 2017. - B.4.
CONCLUSION
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5. Alimova G. Common and common history is gaining consistency in the relations between our countries // Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. May 2,
6. Imamov BK. (2018) Place of relations of mutual cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey in the history of Uzbekistan. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 08 (64): 2018. Pp. 20.
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9. Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. May 2, 2018. (In Uzbekistan). 10.Imamov BK. (2018) Place of relations of mutual cooperation between Uzbekistan
and Turkey in the history of Uzbekistan. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 08 (64). P.21.
11.Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. May 3, 2018. (In Uzbekistan).
12.Golos Uzbekistana [The newspaper "Voice of Uzbekistan"]. May 3, 2018. (In Uzbekistan).
13.Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. May 5, 2018. (In Uzbekistan).
14.The current archive of the Department of boarding schools and new educational institutions of the Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan. // Materials of 1992-1998. - P. 2.
15.Q.Rajabov. X.Bekmuratov. From the history of economic and cultural cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey. Tendency, 2017. P. 95.
16. "Istiklal Goncalari"journal. 1998, no 4. P. 48.
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18.Current archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan // Report on foreign trip of scientists in 1995. P. 30.
19.Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. April 7, 2018. (In Uzbekistan).
20.Memorandum of Cooperation was signed between 4 Turkish universities and the Mir Arab High Madrasah. https://vaqf.uz/uz/lists/view/19 13.06.2018.
21. Narodnoe slovo [The People's Word newspaper]. September 7, 2018. (In Uzbekistan).
2018.
2018.
