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5. The CRR allows each student to engage in experimental activities. Virtually conducted experiments allow students, in comparison with the traditional method, to study the process in more detail. The CBR can be used at different stages of the lessons:
- So, at the stage of explaining the new material, as an illustration to the theory;
- at the stage of fixing the material - this is the use of both training tests and simulator programs;
- These resources allow students to work on modeling molecules of inorganic and organic substances.
The use of a virtual laboratory helps the teacher to form the most important chemical concepts, to understand the structure of the atom, molecules, chemical bond.
The virtual laboratory encourages students to experiment and get satisfaction from their own discoveries.
Literature:
1. Ahdian Mohammad, Ramzani Omran Dawood. Introduction of pedagogical technology. Tehran. Publishing house "Aish". 2004.
2. S. Ashnaidar Kineg. The first global revolution. Translation / Hormuzai Shahin. The publishing house "Ahia Ketab". 1998.
3. S. Badrian Abad. Theoretical model of effective teaching of scientific disciplines on laboratory activities. Tehran. Conference on Educational Innovation. 2006.
УДК 345.831
Usmanova G.K. Andijan State Medical Institute Uzbekistan, Andijan tity
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
Abstract: This article discusses current environmental problems. The causes and consequences of environmental problems were analyzed.
Keywords: methodology, ecology, biosphere, landscape, water, atmosphere
Усманова Г. К.
Андижанский государственный медицинский институт
Узбекистан, г. Андижан РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ
ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ
Аннотация: В данной статье рассматриваются современные проблемы экологии. Причины и последствия экологических проблем были проанализированы
Ключевые слова: методология, экология, биосфера, ландшафт, вода, атмосфера
Due to the aggravation of the relationship between nature and society in the territories with highly developed industry and flourishing agriculture, regional ecological problems arise that very seriously affect the health of the population and cause a sharp change in the environment.Today, the regions that are problematic from an ecological point of view include the basins of the Mediterranean, Black, Azov, Barents, Baltic, Northern, Caribbean, Persian and Gulf of Mexico, the Caspian, Azov and Aral seas, Baikal, Balkhash, Chadsky, and also La dozhsky, Onega lakes, etc.The regional environmental problem that has arisen in Central Asia as a whole and in Uzbekistan in particular is the problem of the Aral Sea. In the 1911-1960-ies. on average, 52 cubic meters of water fell into the Aral Sea every year. km of water, its level at absolute height stably amounted to 52 meters, the water area - 66 thousand square meters. km, the average water salinity is 9.5-10% (9.5-10 g / l), the average depth was 16 m.As a result of the development of the lands of Central Asia and South Kazakhstan, the creation of a number of large reservoirs, the introduction of reservoir drainage systems and channels into operation, the volume of water flowing into the Aral Sea from the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers has decreased since 1961. The consequence of this was a decrease in sea level, its water began to decrease, the degree of salinity of the Aral waters steadily increased.At present, the dried-up area of the Aral Sea is about 3 million hectares of land, represented by flat bare plains, which greatly complicates the horizontal movement of groundwater. This circumstance leads to the evaporation of the main part of the water, which ultimately causes an increase in the salt content of the soil.Due to the decrease in the volume of water flowing into the lower parts of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, the areas of wetlands and tugai decreased here, and the process of desertification occurs and intensifies.Saving the Aral Sea involves solving two problems - maintaining the sea mirror at a certain level and improving the environmental situation in the Aral Sea region.For the Aral Sea level to be 33 m, it is necessary to ensure 20 cubic meters of annual infusion into the sea from the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers. km of water.The main tasks for improving the environmental situation in the Aral Sea coast consist of the following measures: providing the population with drinking water, regularly feeding the drying river beds and lakes with water, planting trees that will hold sands in the dry parts of the sea to prevent winds, expansion of pasture and hay areas.
Being a part of nature, man gradually, in the process of labor and communication, was formed as a social being. Man in the course of practical activity gradually conquered his the will of the animal and plant world, put himself at the service of the «organic force of nature», proceeded to production. From this time it can be said that man finally broke the unwritten «contract» with nature and only through the millennium he learned in some way to foresee the remote consequences of his active interference in nature. He realized that his actions violated the balance in nature. One of the first philosophers who raised the question of humanity's payment for progress in the productive forces, was F. Engels, who wrote that it was not worth it too «too enticed by our victories over nature. For each
such victory, she avenges us. Each of these victories, however, has, first of all, the consequences for which we expected, but in the second and third turn quite different, unforeseen consequences, which very often destroy the importance of the former.» In fact, after the victory over the animal and vegetable world, only one enemy remained in man - he himself.
Today it became clear to us that these unforeseen consequences extend not only to nature, but also to many spheres of human life. How can we make transformations in the means of production reduce their negative impact on the natural sphere so that the flowering of science and technology does not depreciate the emotional moral sphere?
The «undocking» of different axes of social progress leads to a truly crisis situation. In other words, humanity faced the challenge of learning how to combine changes in the scientific, technical, social and spiritual spheres, so that natural harmony does not collapse between them.
Realizing its responsibility to nature, society has gradually developed a whole system of religious prohibitions and state laws that regulate the relationship of man with the environment. It is known that many primitive tribes punished violators of such prohibitions with a slow death. The same fate awaited those who killed animals more than it was necessary for food. It is necessary to pay tribute to the peoples of the ancient states of Asia, who were the first to develop decrees on the protection of flora and fauna. It is considered, for example, that the Mongols bent their socks off their boots in order not to damage the grass cover of the steppes.
Thus, summarizing all of the above, we can note two trends in the development of the relationship between man and nature:
1. Beginning with the distant past, the measure of man's domination over nature is constantly expanding, the composition of substances and energies involved in the sphere of productive labor is increasing at an accelerating rate, and the modern scientific and technological revolution opens the prospect of absolute human power over natural processes on a planetary scale.
2. The disharmony in the relationship between man and nature is steadily growing. Each qualitatively new stage in the mastery of the forces of nature is «progress» in the destruction of the natural basis of human existence. The consequence of these trends was the emergence of ecology - the doctrine of the interrelationship of organisms with the environment.
Bibliography:
1. Brodsky A.K. A Brief Course in General Ecology: A Training Manual-3rd ed. ACAH, 1999-223c.
2. Voitkevich GV, Vronsky VA, The fundamentals of the doctrine of the biosphere: Book. For teacher. - M: Education, 1989.
3. Gladkov N.D. and others. Conservation of nature-M. Prosc., 1975-239p.
4. Gorelov AAEcology: Textbook. allowance. - Moscow: Center, 1998-238p.
