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6REFORMS IN THE FIELD OF CULTURE AND ART IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS
Abbosbek Zokirjon o'g'li Zokirjonov abbosbekzokirjonov99@gmail.com Namangan State University
Abstract: In this article, the essence of the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 2, 2022 "On additional measures - activities for the further development of the sphere of culture and art" No. PQ-112 and the mechanisms of its implementation comments about.
Keywords: art, culture, amateur creativity, folk creativity, music, musical instrument, national, performance, melody
The reforms that are being implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan today are the basis for strengthening the confidence of society members in the future. The formation of this trust is primarily related to the formation of attitudes towards reforms in the minds of people. The role of art and culture in the improvement of the human consciousness in line with today's reforms is incomparable, and its preservation and development is one of the main issues of today. As the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.Mirziyoyev emphasized, preserving and developing classic art, rare examples of national creativity, which are our incomparable spiritual wealth, examples of art and culture, and passing it on to the future generations is a step forward in the world. It is the noble duty of like-minded scientists and artists, state and public figures, people of all cultures[1]
In fact, the development strategy of Uzbekistan was chosen not only to convey the examples of art and culture to the next generation, but also to use them as a mechanism of education today. In particular, the state program for the implementation of the development strategy of New Uzbekistan for the period of 2022-2026 in the "Year of glorifying human dignity and active neighborhood" envisages a number of related reforms.[2.] That is, to increase the level of providing cultural recreation services to the population and citizens living in remote areas, to systematically organize theater, circus and other types of mass-cultural and concert-viewing events in all regions of the republic, finding and supporting talented young artists in the field of culture and art, a comprehensive system of providing educational institutions with national musical instruments, music textbooks, sheet music collections, and teaching-methodical literature creation of measures aimed at improving the musical knowledge and skills of pupils and students in educational institutions, forming a love for national culture in their hearts, identifying and
supporting young talents, starting from the 2022/2023 academic year. it was determined that the activities would be carried out. [3.] At the heart of these measures, the reason for the interest of young people in the national music culture is that musicologists, thinkers and scientists have long been interested in musicologists, thinkers and scientists because of the wide possibilities of music influencing the human psyche. They tried to determine the characteristics of the art of music that affect the formation of people as individuals. In fact, our great ancestors, who made a great contribution to the development of world science, deeply understood the role of music in the education of a perfect person, researched its importance in the development of a person in their works, and left us incomparable resources. Great thinkers Al Farabi, Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Abdul Qadir Maroghi, Sharafuddin Ali Yazdi, Mahmud Kashgari, Ahmed Yugnaki, Sadi Shirozi, Abdurrahman Jami, Kavkabi, Darveshali Changi, Kamil Khorazmi, Alisher Navoi, Zahriddin Muhammad Babur and many other scholars. we can see that the information about music presented in his works is the most relevant and necessary source in the process of educating the young generation from a scientific, theoretical and educational point of view.[4.] Therefore, in general secondary educational institutions, students should learn the skills of playing tunes on at least one of the national musical instruments, and a note about this will be included in their certificate. One study hour per week for music and, in addition to it, practical circles are organized every week to be able to play tunes on national musical instruments. Starting from the 2023/2024 academic year, it is mandatory for music teachers to have the ability to play tunes on at least three musical instruments. As part of music lessons, musical instrument performance classes will be held under the slogan "Instrument accompanies my life". The provision of sheet music collections and special musical literature is included in the system of providing secondary schools with textbooks and teaching-methodical manuals. Specialists who have a professional education in the art of music and a certificate of higher education who can skillfully play tunes on at least 3 national musical instruments in their free time from the main place of work full-time employment was allowed for the position of music teacher and music club leader of general secondary educational institutions on the basis of the position, while maintaining the terms of payment of labor.[3] In accordance with this decision, the educational process of music education in higher educational institutions has been transferred to the 4+2 system. The main goal of this 4+2 system is to train young students for 4 days at a higher educational institution and 2 days at general education schools. In accordance with this decision, the republican competition in the field of culture and art in the field of culture and art was organized every year among the pupils and students according to this decision. In the decision PQ-112 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On additional measures for the further
development of the sphere of culture and art" approved on February 2, 2022, the popular Internet sites and social networks "O' Pages named "Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan" were established, and through them, the most performed musical instruments (national, opera, symphony, oratorio, pop, other classical and modern genres) at the expense of the funds of the Foundation and the funds received from the maintenance of the pages. top 100 performances, top 100 national songs, top 100 national music videos, karaoke songs, top 100 musical compositions (with lyrics), public and private it is decided to introduce auditions promoting the national culture of the Uzbek people, such as the 50 best plays staged in theaters. In this case, the winners in each direction are determined from among the performances posted throughout the year and most viewed by users as of December 15 of each year, and by the decision of the board of the Ministry of Culture, in the amount of up to 50 times the amount of the base calculation. will be awarded with a one-time cash prize.[3.]
This decision will undoubtedly bring the ongoing work to a new stage. According to this decision, remote areas will also be covered by quality cultural services. The material and technical base of cultural centers and theaters will be strengthened. By playing musical instruments in educational institutions, it is ensured that the young generation becomes familiar with art. His respect and interest in Uzbek classical music increases. Festivals, concert viewing events are organized among young people in various directions, and the winners are awarded. In a word, the implementation of this decision and the tasks defined in it will lead to positive changes not only in the field of culture and art, but also in the social life of our people, especially the young generation. First of all, learning musical instruments forms the artistic thinking of the members of the society and further develops the ability to understand. Secondly, as a result of the physical movements of a person who works with musical instruments, his health is strengthened. Thirdly, dealing with musical instruments, including art forms, involuntarily creates the process of ethical and aesthetic education in a person. Fourthly, the repetition in the process of working with the words of the instrument further develops a person's ability to remember and makes him a strong memory. Fifth, by involving students in amateur art, the ground is created for the training of professional art specialists.
The positive changes listed above are of great importance as they are necessary qualities for a modern human personality in today's era of innovative development.
In conclusion, it can be said that these opportunities and awards are important for the musical education of the youth and the development of the national spirit in the hearts of the children who are being formed as individuals, the formation of the spiritual and moral culture, the musical taste, the further enrichment of their musical imaginations, and instilling in them the feelings of patriotism, humanitarianism,
initiative abilities. and it is worth noting that the place of our musical culture in the spiritual life of the people is incomparable. Musical culture is an integral part of the spiritual world of the people, it has satisfied its spiritual needs in all eras and has always been sympathetic and gratefully served. After all, even today, in the period of independence, he considers his moral duty as sacred and serves our people. That is why our music culture has become today's huge creative space.
References
1. Speech of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev at the ceremony dedicated to the opening of the International Bakhshi Art Festival.// Xalq sozi gazeta, April 7, 2019.
2. Decree No. PF-60 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022 "On the development strategy of the new Uzbekistan for 20222026".// Xalq sozi newspaper, January 29, 2022.
3. Decision PQ-112 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on "Additional measures for the further development of the sphere of culture and art".// Xalq sozi newspaper, February 3, 2022.
4. Ashurov Marufjon. Importance of music art in youth education.//znanio.ru.
