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64Original article Научная статья УДК 339
DOI 10.55186/25876740_2022_6_3_3
RECREATION AND TOURISM IN THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD
REGION
РЕКРЕАЦИЯ И ТУРИЗМ В НИЖЕГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Nuzhdina Marina Vladimirovna, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Service, State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education Nizhny Novgorod State Engineering and Economic University (606260, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Vorotynets settlement, Mira street, 7), tel. 89101387188, [email protected]
Vasiliev Sergey Anatolyevich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Maintenance, Organization of Transportation and Transport Management, Nizhny Novgorod State Engineering and Economic University (606260, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Vorotynets settlement, Mira st., d. 7), tel. 89279957211, e-mail: [email protected]
Нуждина Марина Владимировна, старший преподаватель кафедры «Сервис» ГБОУ ВО «Нижегородский государственный инженерно-экономический университет» (606260, Россия Нижегородская область, р.п. Воротынец, ул. Мира, д.7), тел. 89101387188, marinanyzdina@yandex. ru
Васильев Сергей Анатольевич, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Техническое обслуживание, организация перевозок и управление на
транспорте» ГБОУ ВО «Нижегородский государственный инженерно-экономический университет» (606260, Россия Нижегородская область, р.п. Воротынец, ул. Мира, д.7), тел. 89279957211, e-mail: VSA_21 @mail .ru
Abstract. Rest is of great importance in the life of a modern person, and it should be considered not only as a pleasant circumstance, but also as a necessary condition for normal life. Recreation and tourism are also an economic, environmental and pedagogical problem. The need to develop its own tourist resources and develop domestic and inbound tourism in Russia is obvious. The development of tourism within the Russian Federation and in the Nizhny Novgorod region is a priority in the general state policy in the field of tourism. According to opinion polls, there is a strong interest abroad in the natural, historical and cultural resources of Russia.
At the moment, the study of recreational resources and the analysis of their rational use is extremely important. In all likelihood, local practice requires specialists who are ready to work on their territory. The direction announced by the government of the Nizhny Novgorod region for the formation of inbound and domestic tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region cannot be carried out without competent specialists intending to work on the creation of a Nizhny Novgorod tourist product. The Nizhny Novgorod Region is one of the places in Central Russia that has preserved natural landscapes in most of the territory. The territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region has a number of valuable qualities from the point of view of the organization of recreation: favorable geographical position; healthy climate; rich historical and cultural heritage; landscapes with significant landscape expressiveness and diversity.
Аннотация. Отдых имеет большое значение в жизни современного человека, и рассматривать его следует не только как приятное обстоятельство, но и как необходимое условие нормальной жизнедеятельности. Рекреация и туризм - это также экономическая, экологическая и педагогическая проблема. Необходимость освоения собственных туристских ресурсов и развития внутреннего и въездного туризма в России очевидна. Развитие туризма в пределах Российской Федерации и в Нижегородской области является
приоритетным в общей государственной политике в сфере туризма. По данным социологических опросов, за рубежом существует стойкий интерес к природным, историческим и культурным ресурсам России.
На сегодняшний момент изучение рекреационных ресурсов и анализ их рационального применения исключительно актуально. По всей вероятности, что для практической деятельности на местах необходимы специалисты, готовые работать на своей территории. Объявленное правительством Нижегородской области направление на формирование въездного и внутреннего туризма в Нижегородской области невозможно осуществить без грамотных специалистов, намеренных работать над созданием нижегородского туристского продукта. Нижегородская область - одно из мест Средней полосы России, сохранившее на большей части территории естественные ландшафты. Территория Нижегородской области располагает рядом ценных качеств с точки зрения организации рекреации: благоприятное географическое положение; здоровый климат; богатое историко-культурное наследие; ландшафты, обладающие значительной пейзажной выразительностью и многообразием.
Key words: recreation, tourism, cultural and historical objects, recreational resources, tourist resources.
Ключевые слова: рекреация, туризм, культурно-исторические объекты, рекреационные ресурсы, туристические ресурсы.
The study of recreational resources and consideration of the issue of their rational use is currently extremely relevant. Every citizen of Russia is a recreant, but the organization of the use of recreational resources is often irrational, and therefore low efficiency.
A lot of monographs and textbooks are devoted to the recreational geography of the world and Russia. It is quite obvious that for practical activities on the ground, specialists are needed who are ready to work on their territory. The course proclaimed by the government of the Nizhny Novgorod region for the development of inbound and domestic tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region cannot be implemented without
competent spe cialists who are ready to work on the creation of the Nizhny Novgorod tourist product.
The Nizhny Novgorod Region is one of the places in Central Russia that has preserved natural landscapes in most of the territory.
The territory of the region has a number of valuable qualities from the point of view of the organization of recreation: favorable geographical position; healthy climate; rich historical and cultural heritage; landscapes with significant landscape expressiveness and diversity. The Nizhny Novgorod region, which has a wide range of conditions for organizing tours that are varied in content, timing and cost, is interesting as an alternative to traditional seaside resorts. This is determined by the better transport accessibility, and the climate that is customary for a resident of Central Russia, which does not require acclimatization, and the possibility of organizing rest in short periods of time (weekends), during which time it is almost impossible to leave the region.
The Nizhny Novgorod region is, in many respects, a generalized landscape and natural-economic model of Central Russia. The most important geological, geomorphological, climatic, hydrographic, soil, geobotanical, zoogeographic - in other words - landscape, as well as the ethnic and socio-economic boundary of the Russian Plain - r. The Volga, dividing the region almost in half: into the forest left-bank and forest-steppe right-bank parts.
The organization of rational tourist and recreational activities begins with the effective planning of tourist and recreational activities and attracting investments, for this, a prior inventory and assessment of resources and conditions is absolutely necessary.
Vorotynsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region is a territory promising for the development of various types of tourism: recreational and cultural, eventful and ecological, religious and rural, hunting and fishing.
The district is located in the eastern part of the Nizhny Novgorod region on the border with the republics of Mari El and Chuvashia. The administrative center of the district is the working village of Vorotynets. The area is almost halved by the Volga, the largest river in the European part of Russia.
Vorotynsky district is located within two natural zones at once - forest (subtaiga subzone) and forest-steppe, which determines the diversity of landscapes and features of objects of historical and cultural heritage. The southern part of the Vorotynsky region is located on the northern spurs of the Volga Upland, the Zavolzhskaya part of the region occupies the southern edge of the Great Volga Low Plain, more precisely, the Volga-Vetluzhskaya Lowland.
On the territory of the Vorotynsky District, there are two key ornithological territories of Russia of international importance.
Almost half of the area of the region is occupied by specially protected natural areas. Among nineteen natural monuments, protected by the state, both natural and natural-ethno-cultural objects are presented - from pagan ceramics to aristocratic manor parks.
Vorotynsky district is one of the most watery in the Nizhny Novgorod region. In the Vorotynsky district of the river. Sura flows into the Volga, the place of their confluence forms a huge water mirror. Natural attractions are one of the cleanest rivers of the Urga region and the lakes of the Volga part, including the second largest lake in the Nizhny Novgorod region - Bolshoye Plotovo.
It is important to note that the Vorotynsky District has a favorable ecological situation. The village of Vorotynets and other settlements have a land fund for individual housing construction with the ability to connect to gas and other engineering networks.
The existing transport infrastructure of the region does not meet the requirements necessary for organizing tourist activities in the region.
Vorotynsky district is located at the crossroads of the important motor transport routes M 7 "Volga" and Vorotynets - Spasskoye - Sergach.
The recreation centers located on the banks of the Volga and Sura have at their disposal small boats and hovercraft, which are used for organizing fishing and river walks (up to 10 - 12 people).
The Volga and Sura rivers grow shallower every year, and significant funds are required for dredging. Due to the lack of an opportunity for mooring three- and four-deck motor ships, the Vorotynsky District remains unused on cruise routes.
People of different nationalities live on the territory of the district (Russians, Chuvash, Mari), the presence of a historical settlement of the regional values and such unique ethnocultural features as the Old Believers can become the basis for the development of ethnographic tourism.
Vorotynsky district is rich in historical and cultural heritage. 57 objects of cultural heritage are classified as monuments of history and culture. Among them, a special place is occupied by:
- Kazan Church in the sl. Khmelevka (early 18th century);
- Peter and Paul Church in the village. Shokino (second half of the 18th century);
- a complex of monuments in the village. Bykovka: Christmas and Znamenskaya churches, church fence, manor house, retaining wall (XIX century);
- a complex of manor buildings in the village. Pokrov-Maidan: manor house, courtyard services, Pokrovskaya church (XIX century);
- the house of the peasant Petrov in the village of Nadezhdino (second half of the 19th century);
- merchant houses in r.p. Vorotynets (late 19th - early 20th centuries);
- Archangel Michael Church in the village. Family (early XX century).
Pos. Vasilsursk belongs to the historical settlements of the Nizhny Novgorod region.
In the area there is a museum of local lore in the river. v. Vasilsursk with a unique collection of exhibits and products of folk art of the XIX - XX centuries. Small folk museums exist in educational and cultural institutions. However, the village of Vasilsursk, due to its geographical position, has been virtually cut off from the main territory of the Vorotynsky District for more than half a year: the Sura River during the period of freeze-up and drifting did not allow access to the museum. Ferry crossing is expensive. During the academic year, schoolchildren could not get acquainted with the
museum exposition on the history of the region within the framework of local history lessons.
Craftsmen take part in all regional festivals. Vorotynsky district has never been famous for artistic crafts, but craftsmen who are engaged in woodcarving, patchwork sewing, wicker weaving, woven rugs, embroidery, knitting, etc. live here.
Along with the monuments of architecture and archeology, there are houses on the territory of the district, skillfully decorated with blind carvings, telling about hereditary carpenters who passed on their virtuoso skills from generation to generation (village Bykovka, village Akhpaevka, village Nadezhdino, village Vorotynets).
In the Vorotynsky district, the tradition of organizing patronal holidays in villages, festivals, sporting events that have a wide resonance is being revived. These include the Vorotynsky District Day, the Vorotynsky District Forum:
- "Dialogue of Cultures",
- Memorial event in the village. Bykovka "Demidovskaya lilac",
- Celebration of the Chuvash culture "Pitrav-Puhkhi"
- "Hunting Biathlon",
- "Games of Goodwill",
- "Surskie Dawns".
Thus, there are enough places in the Vorotynsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region to carry out tourist activities. Thanks to such places in the Vorotynsky district as: Akhpaevka, Belavka, Bykovka, Vasilsursk, Elvashka, Kamenka, Kekino, Krasnaya Gorka, Kriushi, Lysaya Gora, Pokrov - Maidan, Somovka, Fokino, Khmelevka, Chuguny, Shokino, tourists can plunge into the history of Vorotynsky district , see the beauty of nature, as well as take part in an excursion along the Volga River on a motor ship.
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© Nuzhdina M.V. Vasiliev S.A., 2022. International agricultural journal, 2022, №3, 1023-1030.
Для цитирования: M.V. Nuzhdina, S.A. Vasiliev RECREATION AND TOURISM IN NIZHNY NOROD REGION // International agricultural journal. 2022. №3, 1023-1030.
