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THE ADPTIVE REACTIONS OF THE ORGANISM’S STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL STATUS AMONG THE ADOLESCENTS, LIVING IN THE TECHNOGENIC POLLUTANT AREA.
Bilibina Z.U., the student of the 5-th year at biological chemistry department in the Far-Eastern state humanitarian university, Khabarovsk, Russia.
Scientific leader: c.b.s. assisted professor, E.D. Tsekykh.
The characteristics of the elementary content at the solid biosubstrat (n=43) and other indexes of technogenic pollutant area living adolescents structural-functional state are represented in this article. Increased content of the toxic elements (Pb, Hg, Sn and etc.), and low content of essential and conditionally essential elements (Se, Mg) revealed. This is one of predictors for specific adoptive metabolic reactions formation. Decreased content of urinary acid, creatinin, common cholesterol, and increased content of lactic acid detected. These data confirms the evidence of chronic, ecologically determined stress and have a correlation with the content of Pb, Hg, Sn, U. System models of adoptive reactions in adolescents under ecological pollution are worked out.
The aim of investigation: ecological-physiological basement for pollutant territory influence at the adoptive reactions structural-functional status of the adolescent’s organism in the Amursk city of Khabarovsk krai.
The volume and the methods of investigation: at the period of 2006 - 2009 six expedition investigations were carry out. The adolescents of the Amurskiy region, both boys and girls with the average age 16,28±0,096 years (n=150) and Khabarovsk city (n=40) with the average age 15,718±0,149 were examined. The examination was providing at the expeditions, by the force of the students and researches from Far-Eastern Humanitarian University and Mother and Child Care Institute at SB RAMS (pediatrician and nurse). The following indexes were detected: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) according to Korotkov method, heart rate (HR) [Velikanova L.K., Guminskiy A.A., Zagorskaya V.N. and etc., 1992]. The following data were calculated: pulse pressure (PP), systolic and minute blood volumes (SV, MBV), adoptive potential (AP) [Baevskiy R.M., Berseneva A.P., 1993].Somatometric and somatoscopic characteristics were estimated: fat fold thickness (dJ-7, mm) by kaliperometric method; height, body mass, chest circumference [Velikanova L.K., Zagorskaya V.N. and etc., 1992, Martirosov E.G., 1982]. Calculate methods: body mass deficiency (BMD) in comparison with recommended Lowrence formula, absolute and relative fat amount (Dabs, Drel) according to Matheika formula, chest excursion (Ec) [Smirnov V.A., Solomin V.P., Darinskiy U.A.,1997].
The analyze of influencing factors included the estimation of drinking water pollutants (centralized and noncentralized water supply) and technical (non-drinking) water pollutants at the Amursk city. Territory of the Cellulose chemical plant, inside the city also examined. Water samples were investigated at the certified laboratory of the Far-Eastern Institute for tectonic and geophysics at Russian Academy for Sciences.
Standard methods and certificated equipment were used for the detection of: total oil-products (OP) by IR-
spectrophotometer [2000], mass concentrations of nitrate- and nitrite-ions with Griss reactive [Methodic recommendations, 1995]. The concentrations and the contents of beryllium, chrome, manganese, cobalt, nickel, cuprum, zinc, silver, cadmium, tin, antimony, mercury, thallium, led, wolfram, iron, bismuth, vanadium, scandium, titan, lithium, germanium, strontium, yttrium, cyrconium, niobium, gallium, molybdenum, 4tellurium, tantalum, lanthanum, ytterbium, cerium, thrum, uranium, barium, arsenic, selenium, phosphorus, boron were detected by atomic-emission spectroscopy using ICP-MS ELANDRCII Perclin Elmer machine (USA) [2002].
Solid substrate pollutants were detected similar to water samples. But before analyzing, the hair samples were processed by the combination of nitric acid with hydrogen peroxide for many times, with the consequent evaporation to the wet salts. After decomposition, the left material was diluted in the nitric acid, transported to the graduated bottle and necessary amount of distilled water added.
Concentration of the blood serum indexes, adequate to protein, lipid and.
carbohydrate metabolism [Pokrovkiy A.A., 1969] were detected by biochemical calorimetric methods with the usage of standard kits at the Syimadzy CI-750 machine.
Blood serum levels of the following hormones: follicles-stimulating hormone, luthein- stimulating hormone, free thyroxin (FT4), thyrotrophic hormone, prolactine, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, dihydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, cortizole were detected by immune-enzyme assay with the radioactive estimation at the “Gamma-800” counter with reactive kits by “Alkor-Bio” company. The results will be calculated at “StatFacs-2100” (USA).
Investigation results and discussion: Increased contents of P, B, Ba, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cr, Ag, Zr, Hg, Tl. U and decreased contents of Be, Se, Mo were detected in the hair of adolescents. These facts are one of the predictors for specific metabolic adoptive reactions formation in this group.
Definite specify of the biochemical adoptive reactions, which realizes in the blood serum decreased concentrations of urine, creatinin, common cholesterol, have correlation with the P, B, Sc, Li, Cu, Ag, Sn Hg, U contents in solid substrate (hair) of adolescents. Increased blood serum concentration of lactic acid revealed at the upper level of age normative. This confirms chronic ecologically determined stress and reliably correlates with the Sn and Hg contents in a solid bio substrate (hair).
Increased indexes of SBP,DBP, HR and AP changes of cardio-vascular system have reliable correlations with trace elements misbalance in solid bio substrate (hair), and in part, depends upon increased contents of B, Ba, W,V, Ti, Tl, Cu, Sb, Sn, U. Expressed hypotrophy, decreased fat fold thickness, absolute and relative fat deficiency reliably correlates with the contents of P, Ba, V, Sc, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ag, Sn, U in the head hairs and represent integral expression of organism adoptive reactions among Khabarovsk krai adolescents, depending upon the environment. Respiratory system decreased functional activity, for example, depressed chest excursion index, correlate with hair trace elements misbalance, including essential (Fe, Co) and conditionally essential (V) elements and with heavy metals, having toxic activity (Sn), heavy metals (Fe) and toxic elements (Ba).
Pituitary gland, thyroid, adrenal and gonad hormones concentrations were detected at the dysfunctional (boundary) levels in comparison with normative. Reliable correlation among blood serum hormone concentrations, body mass deficiency and retardation in the secondary sexual features appearance detected. These changes define adolescent’s morbidity rate.
High rates for the following disorders groups (International Disorders Classification - X) were revealed: I, IV, VI, VII, IX, XI, XIII. It was shown, that increased contents of P, Mn, Fe, Zn, Sr, Ag, Hg, Tl, U and decreased contents of Be, Se, Mo in the hairs, in comparison with normal indexes, are the markers for the risk group detection in the infectious and non-infectious diseases at the stage of pre nosological diagnosis. According to the examination of 43 components in water samples from Amursk city, increased contents of Cd, Hg, Pd, Ca were revealed.
Revealed, that the process of phenotypic adaptation is defines by regional ecological factors. Mathematic models were constructed by the Terentyev’s method of the correlation pleiades [Terentyev P.V., Rostova N.S., 1977]. Adoptive reactions peculiarities of structural-functional state in adolescents, living under unfavorable influences of anthropogenic pollution at the territory of Amursk region at Khabarovsk krai were established.
Conclusions:
1. As the result of necessary activity absence for dismantling of the bankrupt plants and demercurisation at their territory, ecological pollutants are revealed. High mercury levels were detected in milk-feeding animal’s wool and in the 13-17 years old adolescents’ hair.
2. Increased concentrations of some admixtures revealed: oil-products total amount; Ba, P; heavy metals -
Fe, Mn in drinking water sources - 2 - 2,9 time over marginally permitted dose. At the natural non-
drinking water sources, increased content of Hg and Cd detected.
3. As for solid bio substrate (head hairs) is concerned, high concentrations of potentially toxic, toxic elements, heavy metals and metalloids with reliable correlation for the deviation in blood serum normal indexes (common protein, creatinin, uric acid, common lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, lactic
acid); changes in hormone concentrations - pituitary (thyrotrophic, luthein, follicular stimulating, prolactine); thyroid (free thyroxin) adrenal and gonad (cortizol, 17-hydroxiprogesteron, testosterone, estradiol) in comparison with normal indexes, with body mass deficiency and secondary sexual features appearance retardation have been detected. All these changes influence the mortality rate.
4. Adoptive reactions system models for adolescents’ structural-functional state under ecological pollution were constructed. “Specific adoptive reaction type” was defined. This is realizes in the changes of structural-functional state, the spread of infectious and non-infectious diseases rates in adolescents of Amurskiy region at Khabarovsk krai.
