CC BY
2
UDC 332; DOI 10.18551/rjoas.2022-11.32
QUALITY EVALUATION AND SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABILITY STATUS OF CHIROCENTRUS DORAB IN PPP TEGALSARI, TEGAL CITY
Permanasari Indah Putri*, Dewi Eko Nurcahya, Suherman Agus
Study Program of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Diponegoro, Indonesia *E-mail: ndahputri17.01@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The fishing community in Tegalsari Fishing Port (Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai - PPP) uses pulled fishing nets to catch fish such as dorab wolf-herring (Chirocentrus dorab). Dorab wolfherring is not the main commodity of the fishing community. However, dorab wolf-herring is one of the alternative ingredients of the fish processing business. This research aimed to evaluate fish quality, and identify supply chain systems and sustainability. The sample collection used purposive sampling on 3 fishing vessels that caught dorab wolf-herring. Data collection used observation, questionnaire, and in-depth interviews with 40 respondents. Data analysis determined the suitability of fish handling using gap analysis and sustainability status using RAPFISH. The quality test of dorab wolf-herring fulfilled Indonesian National Standard (Standard Nasional Indonesia - SNI) parameters. The supply chain is as follows: fishing vessel, PPP, Fish Auction (Tempat Pelelangan Ikan - TPI), collector trader, fish processing business unit, and consumer. The suitability of fish handling at fishing ports adhered to the standards regulated in 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013 concerning Requirements for Quality Assurance and Safety of Fishery Products in the Production, Processing, and Distribution Process with an average value of 69.32%. The average value indicated that fish handling is almost up to standard. The RAPFISH analysis for each sustainability dimension has an average index value of 51 (moderately sustainable). Therefore, the fishing communities in the PPP Tegalsari area are in fairly good condition and can support the sustainability of fish raw materials.
KEY WORDS
Dorab wolf-herring, quality, sustainability, supply chain, handling, rapfish.
Tegal City is one of the cities in Central Java, Indonesia, possessing a crucial role as the center of fishing and fish processing (Diskominfo, 2014). The volume of fishery production in Tegal City in 2021 is as follows: marine fisheries produced 40,086,086 tons and inland fisheries produced 600,231 tons (BPS Kota Tegal, 2022). Based on the production volume, marine fisheries largely contributed to Tegal City's production. To improve the production system, the Tegal City government founded PPP Tegalsari which functions as the center for developing capture fisheries-based fisheries business systems. Tegal City community relies on marine products to fulfill daily needs. The community created various businesses due to the rich marine resources. For example, the fish processing business. Tegal City processed fish products are as follows: salted fish, smoked fish, pindang, and other fish products.
One of the fish possessing economic value is the dorab wolf-herring. Several regions in Indonesia, such as Sumatera Island, have a large amount of dorab wolf-herring catch. Dorab wolf-herring is suitable for fish gelatin products due to its similar elasticity level to chitala and snakehead murrel (Nugraha, 2015). According to Purwanda (2015), it is necessary to diversify dorab wolf-herring processing due to thick meat and coarse meat fiber. Based on the statistical data of the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries, the production level of dorab wolfherring in Central Java was 9.97 tons (2017) and 36.43 tons (2018). Utilizing dorab wolfherring as alternative ingredients for the fish processing business may increase production value and supply chain sustainability.
Fish processing businesses require consistent quality control. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a traceability system in the fish supply chain through a tracking and tracing model (Alfajri and Wasiqi, 2018). The Government issued KEPMEN-KP Number 52A/2013 concerning Requirements for Quality Assurance and Safety of Fishery Products in the Production, Processing, and Distribution Process to control fish quality. According to Furqan (2017), however, the businessmen in the fishery sector lacked understanding on fishery product quality. Therefore, it is necessary to improve quality control in the fishery industry.
This research was conducted in March-May 2022. The research location was PPP Tegalsari, Tegal City, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The data type used primary data (observation, questionnaire, and in-depth interview) and secondary data (data from TPI, Marine and Fishery Agency, Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik - BPS), and previous related research). The data collection used the survey method. In addition, the sample determination used the purposive sampling method. The total sample for the fish quality test used 3 fishing vessels that caught dorab wolf-herring. The researchers collected 2 fish samples from the top and bottom layers, with the assumption of the fastest and longest fish treatment. The researchers collected data through TPI Tegalsari observation, questionnaire, and in-depth interviews. The researchers determined the respondents using a purposive sampling technique on 40 respondents: 25 ship captains as key-person, 2 ship owners, 7 representatives of government institutions, and 6 representatives of business unit associations.
Raw materials quality used organoleptic tests and a score sheet of fresh fish based on SNI 2729:2021 and SNI 2346:2015 guidelines for organoleptic or sensory quality testing. The organoleptic values undergo descriptive analysis and are compared with the standard of fresh fish organoleptic values. The Total Plate Number (Angka Lempeng Total - ALT) test used SNI 2332.3:2015 and the Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVB-N) test used the Conway Cup method. Furthermore, the researcher mapped the distribution flow of dorab wolf-herring by describing the distribution flow from fishermen to consumers.
The researchers conducted Gap Analysis to determine the suitability of fish handling in fishing ports based on KEPMEN-KP 52A/2013 concerning Requirements for Quality Assurance and Safety of Fishery Products in Production, Processing, and Distribution. The assessment used the Likert Scale (1-5). According to Palan (2007), the following formula determines Gap value:
Where: CLh - Fish handling value during the study (obtained from the assessment of handling elements at the fish landing site); CLr - Maximum handling value according to internal handling standard of 52A/KEPMEN-KP-2013
METHODS OF RESEARCH
Gap= (r - CLh)
Suitability Level = (xCLh)/ (xCLr) x 100%
Table 1 - Determination of Fish Handling Gap
Suitability Level
Description
0 - < 34 % 34 - < 50 % 50 - < 65 % 65 - < 80 % 80 - <100 %
Handling is largely not up to standard Handling is not up to standard Handling is lesser than standard Handling nearly adhered to standard Handling adhered to standard_
Source: Furqan (2017); Rejeki (2019).
Sustainability analysis on fish supply chain at PPP Tegalsari was carried out using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) technique and RAPFISH (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries) approach. The sustainability of the fish supply chain is based on 5 (five) a dimension approach, namely: 1) ecological dimension; 2) economic dimension; 3) social dimension; 4) technology and quality of fishery products, and 5) institutional dimension. The score ranges from 0 (bad) to 100 (good). According to Susilo (2003) in Erwina (2015), the value of the analysis results are interpreted into 4 index intervals, which are presented in Table 2:
Table 2 - Sustainability Analysis Index Intervals
Index Interval Sustainability Status
0 - 25 Not Sustainable
26 - 50 Less Sustainable
51 - 75 Moderately Sustainable
76 - 100 Sustainable
Source: Erwina (2015).
RAPFISH analysis used Monte Carlo, Leverage, and Pareto Analysis. Kavanagh (2001) stated that Monte Carlo analysis determines the error value of 25 repetitions using the RAPFISH method. Leverage and Pareto analysis were conducted to determine the sensitive attributes of each dimension of sustainability. Selected sensitive attributes in each dimension are then re-analyzed to determine their sustainability status in a multidimensional manner.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Organoleptic tests include appearance tests (eyes, gills, surface mucus), flesh, smell, and texture. The results of organoleptic tests on dorab wolf-herring are presented in Table 3.
Table 3 - Organoleptic Value of Dorab Wolf-Herring
Ship_Sample_Analysis Standard_Analysis Result
1 A Min. 7 7.01 < M < 7.33
B Min. 7 6.18 < M < 6.76
2 C Min. 7 6.81 < M < 7.47
D Min. 7 6.79 < M < 7.42
3 E Min. 7 6.97 < M < 7.37
F Min. 7 6.81 < m < 7.69
Source: Processed Primary Data, 2022.
The laboratory tests showed that the organoleptic value of fresh dorab wolf-herring on fishing vessel 1 sample A was of better quality than sample B. The organoleptic value was 7.0 and 6.0 respectively. The organoleptic value of fishing vessels 2 and 3 adhered to SNI 2729:2021 (a minimum of 7.0). The dorab wolf-herring showed relatively low organoleptic value due to physical damage and excess fish piles during the unloading process, lack of cold chain after unloading, and poor handling during the landing process. The result of the ALT test is presented in Table 4.
Table 4 - ALT Value of Dorab Wolf-Herring
Vessel Sample Analysis Standard (colony/g) Analysis Result (colony/g)
1 A Max. 5 x 105 1.2 x 104
B Max. 5 x 105 1.2 x 104
2 C Max. 5 x 105 1.1 x 104
D Max. 5 x 105 1.2 x 105
3 E Max. 5 x 105 1.3 x 104
F Max. 5 x 105 1.7 x 104
Source: Processed Primary Data, 2022.
The six samples showed the total ALT in dorab wolf-herring in TPI Tegalsari. The total ALT value did not exceed the maximum value determined in SNI (5 x 105 colony/g). Based on the result of the ALT test, the dorab wolf-herring is safe to consume. Microbial contamination can be caused by wounds due to the fishing process, exposure to room temperature for a
presented in Table 5.
Table 5 - TVB-N Value of Dorab Wolf-Herring Ikan
Vessel Sample Analysis Standard (mgN/100g) Analysis Result (mgN/100g)
1 A < 20 7.962
B < 20 7.965
2 C < 20 7.546
D < 20 7.552
3 E < 20 7.957
F < 20 7.979
Source: Processed Primary Data, 2022.
The six samples showed the TVB-N value of the dorab wolf-herring in TPI Tegalsari. The TVB-N value did not exceed the maximum value of fish freshness (< 20 mgN/100gr). Based on the TVB-N test, the dorab wolf-herring is safe to consume. Differing TVB-N value is caused by diverse fish handling in the landing process. TVB-N is the result of protein decomposition by bacterial and enzyme activity. TVB-N levels are influenced by the number of bacteria that survive (Pandit, 2017).
According to Pratiwi et al (2021), traceability and supply chain influences the quality of fishery products. Supply chain activities and traceability maintain product safety (Dai et al., 2015). In general, the supply chain distribution flow of fishery products in PPP Tegalsari is as follows: fishing vessel, fishing port, and TPI as the facilitator, collector traders, and small to medium fish processing business.
Figure 1 - Supply Chain Distribution Flow of Dorab Wolf-Herring
Figure 1 shows TPI Tegalsari distributes frozen fish to the fish merchant and small to medium fish processing businesses. Each fishing vessel possessed a fishing net, freezer, and freeze storage.TPI Tegalsari acts as a facilitator when the fishing vessel unloads its fish. Furthermore, TPI Tegalsari does not perform fish auctions and instead uses a continuous auction system. After the transaction between the ship owner and merchant, the fish are distributed to various fish processing units or resold in TPI Tegalsari. In addition to facilitating fish landing and auction, TPI Tegalsari markets various fishing products.
Every supply chain process actor may improve traceability and minimize food safety problems (Doddema et al., 2020). Important actors in the supply chain are fishermen. Fishermen are responsible for the handling process on board until the fish lands. Good fish handling is characterized by good quality and safe for consumption. On the other hand, poor-
quality fish reduces the selling price (Rossarie, 2019). For this reason, it is necessary to assess the suitability of fish handling at fish landing sites and refer to applicable standards. The elements of the assessment consist of: methods of handling fish, human resources, TPI facilities, equipment and supplies, and catch units. The gap value and the degree of suitability for fish handling at PPP Tegalsari is presented in Figure 2.
GAP Score ^^^Conformity Level (%)
Fish Handling Human Fish Auction Tools and Catch Unit Resources Facility Equipment
Figure 2 - The Gap Value and Suitability Value of Each Element
Figure 2 shows that the TPI facility has the highest gap value (1.93) and lowest suitability level (61.41%). A higher gap value reduces the suitability level, and vice versa. TPI facilities consist of 9 elements. The elements have a gap value of 1.13 - 3.00 and a suitability level of 61.41%. Therefore, TPI facility elements do not adhere to the standards of 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013. The average gap value and suitability level of dorab wolf-herring handling elements in PPP Tegalsari are presented in Table 6.
Table 6 - The Gap Value and Suitability Level of Fish Handling
No Elements Standard Handling Score Current Handling Score GAP Score Conformity Level (%)
1 Fish Handling 5,00 ,68 1,32 73,58
2 Human Resource 5 ,00 ,21 1,79 64,17
3 Fish Auction Fac 5,00 ,07 1,93 61,41
4 Tools and Equipi ¡5,00 ,62 1,38 72,33
5 Catch Unit 5,00 ,76 1,24 75,11
Average 5,00 ,47 1,53 69,32
Source: Data Analysis Result, 2022.
According to Metusalach (2014), facilities and the fish handling process are crucial factors that influence the quality of fish. TPI Tegalsari does not meet the regulated standard due to: the lack of smoking, dining, and spitting in the fish landing area. Furthermore, TPI Tegalsari lacks toilet and wash basin facility. The merchants use fresh water supply from the TPI Tegalsari wash basin. In addition, retailers sell fresh water to fishing vessels. Furthermore, there are numerous amounts of vehicles operating in the TPI area, and therefore causes air pollution and influences fish quality. TPI Tegalsari uses vehicles to carry fish products to the distribution area, despite having traditional transport tools. According to Liviawaty and Afrianto (2010), maintaining the hygiene of tools, ship decks, containers, and the surrounding environment may reduce fish contamination.
The researchers used RAPFISH analysis to determine the sustainability status of dorab wolf-herring chain supply in PPP Tegalsari. RAPFISH analysis uses 5 dimensions such as ecology, economy, social, technology and fish quality, and institution. The ecology dimension has 7 attributes. The sensitive value of leverage and Pareto analysis on each ecology dimension attribute is presented in Figures 3 and 4.
By-catch caught Range of fishing grounds ETP fish spesies caught Conservation area Closed season Size of fish caught Number of catches
1,15
1,18
1,48
,71
3,48
6,26
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 3 - Diagram of Leverage Analysis on Ecology Dimension
RAPFISH and leverage analysis determine the index, sustainability status, and sensitive attribute. According to Pitcher and Preikshot (2001) in Mulyani (2013), a dimension has no dominant attribute when the average value is 2%-6% and under 8%. Based on leverage analysis (sensitivity), there is no dominant attribute in the ecology dimension as the attribute value is under 8%. Pareto analysis determines sensitive attributes by drawing an 80% line 80% on the x-axis and y-axis (Lind, et al. 2014). Leverage and Pareto analysis identified 4 attributes sensitive to the sustainability status: 1) closed season (RMS-6.26); 2) fish size (RMS-3.48); 3) caught ETP fish species (RMS-2.71); and 4) range of fishing ground (RMS-2.28).
Leverage Results % Cumulative
Figure 4 - Diagram of Pareto Analysis on Ecology Dimension
Fishing activity in PPP Tegalsari continues regardless of season, except for activities that require fishermen to return ashore such as religious holidays, local traditions, fishing documents, etc. Open-closed season control excessive fishing during the spawning season or fishing season, in addition to deterring population decline. However, the related institution has not implemented the open-closed season effectively. The fish size tends to be medium to big sized, as the fishing vessel changed trawl nets to pulling fishing nets. Pulling fishing nets has a larger size compared to trawl nets. Endangered, Threatened, and Protected (ETP) fish such as sea mammals, sharks, stingrays, and turtles are often caught in the fishing net. The fishermen released the majority of caught ETP fish and sell the remaining. The range of fishing ground tends to be permanent, as the related institution determines and supervise the fishing grounds.
The economic dimension has 9 attributes. The sensitive value of leverage and Pareto analysis on each economic dimension attribute is presented in Figures 5 and 6.
Leverage and Pareto analysis identified 5 (five) attributes that are sensitive to sustainability: 1) dependency on subsidies (RMS-5.30); 2) fishery contribution to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) (RMS-4.70); 3) existing capital (RMS-4.65); 4) selling price of fish/kg(RMS-4.27), and 5) business ownership (RMS-4.26).
Ownership Availability of fund Sector employment Subsidy Other income Fisheries in GDP Market Price Fisher income
65
4,26
4 3,76
1,91 5,30 ,70
— 0,83
4,27
3,40
Figure 5 - Diagram of Economic Dimension Leverage Analysis
I Leverage Results % Cumulative
6,00 5,00 4,00 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00
J? ^ / </ /
is® ^ Cr x-ff
AN'
0 ^ <f
100% 90% 80% 70% - 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
Figure 6 - Diagram of Pareto Analysis on Economic Dimension
Fisher ownership Government supervision Socialization of fishing Regulatory compliance Fisher influence Fishery education and socialization Education level Environmental knowledge Conflict status Fishing community
0,86 ,59 39 5
3,
3,2
2,88 7, ,54
4,83 6
1,3 1 2,02
40
Figure 7 - Diagram of Social Dimension Leverage Analysis
Fishing vessel operations require subsidized oil fuel to conduct fishing activities. KUD Karya Mina built Fisherman Filling Station (Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Nelayan - SPBN) to distribute subsidized oil fuel in PPP Tegalsari. However, subsidized oil fuel is only available for fishing vessels fewer than 30 GT. Fishing vessels above 30 GT use non-subsidized oil fuel from active companies cooperating with PPP Tegalsari. In addition, KUD Karya Mina provides funds for small-sized fishing vessel operations. Larger fishing vessels tend to borrow funds from banks. The majority of PPP Tegalsari fishing vessels is privately owned. The ship owner hires fishermen to operate the ship. The average dorab wolf-herring caught is 500-700 quintals/day. The researchers made the estimation as the statistics
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
system did not produce accurate dorab wolf-herring production in PPP Tegalsari. The selling price of dorab wolf-herring is IDR 10,000.- to 15,000.- per kg. Therefore, dorab wolf-herring has a low contribution to Tegal City GRDP.
The social dimension has 10 attributes. The sensitive value of leverage and Pareto analysis on social dimension attributes are presented in Figures 7 and 8.
Leverage and Pareto analysis identified 6 (six) attributes that are sensitive to sustainability: 1) involvement of fishermen in fisheries policy-making(RMS-7.40); 2) education level (RMS-6.54); 3) environmental knowledge (RMS-4.83); 4) government supervision (RMS-3.59); 5) the level of business socialization (RMS-3.39); and 6) compliance to regulation (RMS-3.25).
Leverage Results % Cumulative
Figure 8 - Diagram of Social Dimension Pareto Analysis
Rate of TVB-N Total Plate Count (TPC) Fish freshness level (organoleptic test) Transportation during distribution Fishery product processing Use of ice Pre-sale processing Landing sites Selective gear Destructive methods of capture
1,64 3,69 5,76
1,73
6,65
■ 1,1 8 4,82
■ 0, 30 ,62
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Figure 9 - Diagram of Technology and Fishery Product Quality Dimension Leverage Analysis
The majority of the fishermen community in Tegal City joins a business unit to share and solve problems. For example, the government conducts counseling and training, which involves representatives of business units. Furthermore, the representative socializes the counseling and training material to the members of business units. Fishermen tend to comply with the regulation despite not being involved in policymaking. Every activity in PPP Tegalsari is supervised by a related institution. Furthermore, the related institution coordinates their respective roles and work. The education level of Tegal City fishermen tends to be low. According to Hidayah (2020), there is a relationship between the damage level in the shore environment with fishermen's education level and income level. Primyastanto et al (2012) stated that low level of economic and educational level causes low
awareness of maintaining the environment. Therefore it is necessary to conduct counseling on the importance of marine resources sustainability. The technology and fishery product quality has 10 attributes. The sensitive value of leverage and Pareto analysis on the technology and fishery product quality are presented in Figures 9 and 10.
Leverage and Pareto analysis identified 5 (five) attributes that are sensitive to sustainability: 1) fishery product processing (RMS-7.17); 2) use of ice (RMS-6.65); 3) transportation during distribution (RMS-5.76); 4) fish landing sites (RMS-4.82); and 5) ALT (RMS-3.69).
Leverage Results % Cumulative
Figure 10 - Diagram of Technology and Fishery Product Quality Pareto Analysis
TPI Tegalsari uses dorab wolf-herring for various processed product diversification such as empek empek, fishball, nugget, etc. In addition, TPI Tegalsari sells fresh fish to the fish processing business unit. Furthermore, dorab wolf-herring are processed and sold as fish fillets and ground fish. Despite having a large amount of catch, TPI tegalsari rarely uses ice, as the fish landed as frozen fish. TPI Tegalsari uses various fish transport methods. However, the traditional transport tool is in poor condition and the usage of vehicles causes air pollution that influences fish quality. Tegal City has 3 TPI that functions as the landing site for various vessel types and size. The division of vessel type based on catching tool is clear. Therefore, TPI Tegalsari is a centralized fish landing site.
Institutional Dimension has 7 attributes. The sensitive value of leverage and Pareto analysis on institutional dimension is presented in Figures 11 and 12.
Influence of microfinance institutions Fishery management plan Institutional development and socialization Level of policy and institutional synergy Tradition rules/local culture Availability of formal and informal...
Offence prosecution
I 0,1
1 1,1
2,99 2,58
36 1
3,72
7,11
0
Figure 11 - Diagram of Institutional Dimension Leverage Analysis
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Leverage and Pareto analysis identified 3 (three) attributes that are sensitive to sustainability: 1) the level of synergy between policies and fisheries management institutions (RMS-7.11); 2) institutional counseling and socialization (RMS-3.72); and 3) the role of microfinance institution/joint business group (RMS-2.99).
Level of policy Institutional Influence of Fishery Availability of Offence Tradition
and development microfinance management formal and prosecution rules/local
institutional and institutions plan informal culture
synergy socialization regulations
Figure 12 - Diagram of Institutional Dimension Pareto Analysis
PPP Tegalsari works with the related institution in the port area to manage fishery products. The cooperation is conducted using the principles of coordination, integration, and synchronization in accordance with respective work and authority. PPP Tegalsari has not conducted institutional counseling and socialization such as education and training, technology counseling, or course. It is necessary to conduct counseling and socialization to improve employee skills, awareness, and knowledge. Improving human resources will improve work performance. Microfinance institution/joint business group provides subsidy and capital for their members.
Ecology
Su stainahllrty status
Figure 13 - Kite Chart of the Sustainability Status of Dorab Wolf-Herring Supply Chain
Table 7 - Sustainability Index Value, Monte Carlo Analysis, and Ratio
Dimension Index Value Rap Analysis with MDS Monte Carlo Analysis - Ratio
Ecology 42.85 42.35 0.50
Economy 66.33 65.54 0.79
Social 40.02 40.82 0.80
Technology and Quality of Fishery Products 44.99 45.71 0.72
Institutional 59.63 59.18 0.45
Source: Data Analysis Result, 2022.
Figure 13 shows the relative position of the sustainability scores of each dimension. The results of the ordination analysis show the value of the sustainability index on the ecological dimensions (42.85), social (40.02), technology, and fishery product quality (44.99). The sustainability index is 26-50 which indicates a low level of sustainable status. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the aforementioned sensitive attributes. The sustainability index of economic (66.33) and institutional (59.63) dimensions are the highest sustainability score. The sustainability index is within 51-75, and therefore indicating moderate sustainable status.
Therefore, PPP Tegalsari has good economic and institutional conditions and can support the sustainability of fish raw materials.
The validity test was carried out by comparing the value of the MDS analysis and the Monte Carlo analysis. The analysis results reflected the sustainability status. Table 7 shows the results of the MDS analysis and the Monte Carlo analysis and their comparisons. Table 8 shows the stress value and the coefficient of determination.
Table 8 - Sustainability Index Value, Number of Iterations, Stress Value, and Coefficient of
Determination
Dimension Rap Analysis with MDS Iteration Stress Coefficient of Determination (R2)
Ecology 42.85 2 0.1403 0.9480
Economy 66.33 2 0.1352 0.9514
Social 40.02 2 0.1326 0.9457
Technology and Quality of Fishery Products 44.99 2 0.1312 0.9507
Institutional 59.63 2 0.1428 0.9464
Source: Data Analysis Result, 2022.
Monte Carlo analysis is a simulation method for evaluating the impact of random error on all-dimensional statistical analysis (Kavanagh and Pitcher, 2004). In the validity test, the comparison between the value of the MDS analysis and the Monte Carlo analysis was 0.45 -0.80. Therefore, there was no significant difference and the data was considered valid (< 1 difference). The stress value 0.1312 - 0.1428, which is under 0.25, indicates moderately well the goodness of fit or analysis results. The coefficient of Determination (R2) is between
0.9457.- 0.9514, indicating that the value of the quadratic correlation is close to 1 or less than 100%. Therefore, all attributes are reliable.
CONCLUSION
PPP Tegalsari produces dorab wolf-herring with various freshness level. However, the fish freshness has the lowest value of 7. ALT and TVB-N analysis indicate that the dorab wolf-herring is safe to consume. The ALT value was < 5 x 105 colony/g and the TVB-N value was < 20 mgN/100g. The supply chain distribution is as follows: fishing vessel, fishing port, TPI as facilitator, collector trader, fish processing business unit, and consumers. The suitability of fish handling at fish landing sites adhered to the standards regulated in 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013 with an average value of 69.32%. Therefore the fish handling adhered to standards of: fish handling method, human resources, TPI facility, tools and equipment, and catch unit. The sustainability value of ecology, economy, social, technology and fishery product quality and institutional dimensions have an average index value of 51 (moderately sustainable). Therefore, the fishing community in PPP Tegalsari is in good conditions and can support the sustainability of raw fish materials.
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