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QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTIC FOREST STAND FROM PRELIMINARY RENEWAL
Debkov N.M. (TSU, Tomsk, RF)
Since 1960th in Siberia there was widely applied such way of reforestation, as preservation undergrowth. Nova days' as a result of the plantings generated from undergrowth, is counded more than 0,5 million hectares. Many of them are nearly to the age offelling, and there is a question of quality of these plantings.
Till now on extensive open spaces of Siberia the basic way, allowing to restore aborigine coniferous forests is preservation of under canopy's renewal. However, the question of quality of the plantings generated from kept at lumbering undergrowth, is debatable and till now remains opened. As, despite a number of works of domestic authors on the given problem [1-6] unequivocal answers while are not present.
In this case we carry out researches of the plantings generated from kept undergrowth, with prescription of cabin of 30-40 years within a southern subband of taiga of Tomsk oblast (Kaltajsky forestry of Tomsk management of forest).
In the given work the results of enumerate's taxation valuation of 5 exploratory areas which have been put in pawn in various on structure, age, conditions of genesis and to age of felling plantings are presented (table 1). The whole the investigated plantings repeat the same stock's and typological structure [7] which is inherent in plantings from undergrowth within the Kaltajsky forestry.
Table 1 - Characteristic of exploratory areas
№ exploratory areas (EA) Age of felling Composition Type of forest Consistence
9 40 6S 1F 3B +C grassy 807
10 35 4S 3C 3B mossy 1096
11 35 4F 1C 1S 4B mossy 1727
12 40 3F 2S 1C 2A 2B mossy 897
13 40 6S 4B +C, F grassy 1000
Footnote: Fir - F, Spruce - S, Birch - B, Cec lar - C, Asp - A
The technique of field works included unbroken calculation of trees on the exploratory area in absolute values to within 1 mm. Thus each tree was described for the purpose of revealing defects, firstly of a trunk. Because mainly defects of a trunk define quality of a forest stand and influence an exit business timber. In our case following defects have been revealed: stepson, tear, bow of trunk and in separate group the trees having at once 2 and more defects (we named this group «complex of defects») are carried. It is necessary to notice, that division of defects by origin on natural and artificial (connected with activity of the person) was not made.
Results of researches are generalised and presented for presentation figure 1 which gives the general representation about quality of studied plantings. Because figure does not display dynamics of defects on stocks. According to figure 1 it fir forest stands have a little bit worst condition, but as, this condition is paradoxical it is defined by a spruce and cedar element of forest. The matter is that among defects of a spruce and a cedar the bow of trunk and stepson which reduce quality of these elements of forest prevails. Sreaking about fir tear defect is prevailing. It is caused by that fir bark thin and smooth, easily damaged, including as a result of lumbering.
100 90 80 70 60 % 50 40 30 20 10 0
EA №9
EA №10
EA №11
EA №12
EA №13
D undefected D stepson Dtear Dbow of trunk Dcomplex of defects Figure 1 - The qualitative characteristic forest stands from undergrowth
Important point is how these defects are distributed on planting. There is a following law: bow of trunk and stepsons have more slender forest stand part (on software of fluctuation from 70 to 100 %), in the relation tear and a complex of defects of such accurate law is not revealed, but, as a rule, meets on more fat trees more often. And tear meets on border of an apiary and portage more often, that specifies in an anthropogenous origin of this defect. Thus, at more, than 70 % of trees in forest stands from undergrowth defects are not present. And considering density of forest stands, it is possible to tell with confidence, that plantings from coniferous undergrowth have satisfactory marketability and a vital condition.
References:
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5. Дерягин В. Т. Формирование молодняков на вырубках ельника травяного // Лесное хозяйство. - 1975. - № 2. - С. 26-29.
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7. Дебков Н. М. Формационный состав и типологическая структура древостоев, формирующихся из сохраненного подроста // I Международные Беккеровские чтения: материалы научно-практической конференции. Ч. 1. - Волгоград: ВолГУ, 2010. - С. 62-64.
