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15PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF REPRODUCTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS
AND BEHAVIOR
Rasulova Nilufar Tulkunovna
International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan Lotos_411 @mail.ru
ABSTRACT
This article is devoted to the scientific analysis of socio-psychological and religious factors in the formation of reproductive consciousness and behavior.
Keywords: psychology, sociology, economics, medicine, reproductive consciousness, reproductive behavior, procreative behavior, generative behavior, demographic behavior.
АННОТАЦИЯ
Статья посвящена научному анализу социально-психологических и религиозных факторов формирования репродуктивного сознания и поведения.
Ключевые слова: психология, социология, экономика, медицина, репродуктивное сознание, репродуктивное поведение, репродуктивное поведение, генеративное поведение, демографическое поведение.
The problematic use of the phrase "reproductive behavior of an individual" in psychological research is that, firstly, the understanding of the concept of "behavior" in psychology, especially Soviet psychology, has changed quite often and dramatically; Secondly, the reproduction of another person by a person in various fields of science is called differently - "reproductive behavior", "procreative behavior", "generative behavior", "demographic behavior", etc.
In the historical aspect, the very formulation of the question of reproductive behavior and its structure is quite new. Almost until the 70s. In the twentieth century, the study of fertility and the processes associated with it dispensed with any mention or use of the concept of "behavior", i.e. without using the methods of sociology and social psychology. Despite this, a huge amount of knowledge has been accumulated in various disciplines about certain aspects of human reproductive behavior.
Reproductive behavior is an area of interdisciplinary research, not the subject of any one science. Today, scientific exchange in this area is carried out on an interdisciplinary level: the results obtained by some specialists are interpreted by
others from their point of view, after which there are ways to use new, borrowed knowledge.
The interdisciplinary status of the problem of a person's reproductive behavior requires determining the specifics of his subject in psychology. To highlight psychological issues in the study of reproductive behavior, one should consider what exactly becomes the subject of research in other sciences that study it. Table 1 summarizes the main directions of research on the reproductive behavior of an individual in various sciences.
As can be seen from the table, the range of scientific searches of representatives of different disciplines is very wide. In many cases, the same phenomena are studied, but from different methodological positions and methods of a specific science. Representatives of all of these sciences (except for biology and medicine) study reproductive attitudes, reproductive motives, reproductive rituals and myths, reproductive socialization, and the determinants of the formation of a certain type of reproductive behavior.
The question of the relationship between the two areas of knowledge - sociology and demography is considered in detail by K. Davis in the article "The Sociology of Demographic Behavior".
The author noted that, unlike other areas of sociology, demography as an ordinary science occupies a separate position: it did not stand out from sociology as a field of knowledge and did not form into a special discipline within general sociology.
K. Davis gives examples of studies that successfully combine demographic and sociological approaches: the study of fertility in conjunction with sociological studies of attitudes, motivation, intentions depending on the living conditions and work of a woman (study of motivation for marriage, study of the reasons and factors that affect on the decision to divorce, the study of ideas about the number of children (about the size of the family)); changes in the demographic sphere of society depending on the state of social institutions of marriage, family, economic and social transformations; family in a demographic context.
Today, most researchers recognize the fact that the success of the study of processes in the field of reproductive behavior depends not only on how competently the sociologist uses demographic information, but also on how effectively sociological methodology and methodology are combined with demographic analysis. Demographers who study fertility and nuptiality turn to the sociology of the family and gender sociology, and vice versa: sociologists who study the problems of
family and reproductive behavior use statistical indicators of fertility, nuptiality, and divorce rates.
Judging by the literature of recent years, the interaction of sociology and demography in the study of reproductive behavior and related phenomena is increasing more and more, and it is obvious that interest in this topic will grow.
Analysis of scientific literature has shown that there are many approaches to the study of aspects of reproductive behavior, considering the problem from various theoretical positions, interrelated, and sometimes contradicting one another. Various aspects of the problem are presented in philosophy, sociology, psychology, demography, ethology, cultural studies, medicine.
The internal aspect involves the systematization of the terminological apparatus, the identification of the constitutive features of the terminological system denoting this subject area, the typology of terminological units, the identification of ways of their formation in various conceptual classes, the differentiation of the main and involved classes of concepts; substantiation of the relationship between the structural and semantic features of the considered term system.
The external aspect actualizes the tasks of structuring the subject area of the psychology of reproductive behavior, presenting its logical-conceptual content and developing methodological bases for subsequent research.
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