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УДК 614
Parpiyeva O. R. senior teacher Jamoliddinova U. A. qizi student
Ferghana State University Uzbekistan, Ferghana city
PROTECTION OF THE HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Annotation: in the protection and strengthening of the health of children and adolescents, the supervision of a doctor is one of the important measures. Treatment for children is the main institution children's polyclinics, which provide profilactic care. The children's Polyclinic receives constant supervision and provides free medical services to children living in its territory from birth to the age of 15 years.
Keywords: Polyclinic, pediatrician, antenatal, hypotrophy, dispensary, epidemiologist, samotoscopic, anthropometric, ctometric, rickets.
Treatment prophylactic care for children is indicated in separate children's polyclinics, in the children's Department of Polyclinics, in children's hospitals, in kindergartens, daycare centers, polyclinics under the scientific-examination insitutes. And in rural areas it is indicated in the village doctor's offices, in District children's polyclinics and in the children's Department of the Central Hospital.
The neighborhood pediatrician performs the following tasks:
1. Antenatal protection of the fetus;
2 Constant observation from the birth of a child to the Polyclinic of adolescents;
3. Organization of rational nutrition;
4. Rickets, hypotrophy, exudative-catarrhal diathesis, prevention of anemia;
5. Organization of the child's dispensary observation;
6. Proper organization of prophylactic and planned vaccination work;
7. Preparation of children for school and pre-school educational institutions;
8. Conduct cultural bleaching work among the population.
The supervision of a doctor in the protection and strengthening of health of children and adolescents is one of the important measures. In children's institutions, a doctor or a medical nurse monitors the health of children and adolescents with a plan. In addition, the precinct doctor, along with the children's doctor, examines the implementation of the activities carried out in the relevant territory. Thus, the epidemiologist doctor gives information about the prevalence of infectious diseases and what measures are being taken to prevent them by doing malumotlarni Gathering Analysis and where appropriate.
Physical development and neuromuscular development are the main indicators. At the Institute of child and adolescent hygiene, scientific workers divide the state of health of children and adolescents into 5 groups:
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The first group includes schoolchildren who are not sick with chronic diseases or have low back pain, suitable for the age of development in terms of physical neuromuscular;
The second group includes children and adolescents who do not suffer from chronic diseases, are slightly behind morphological, functional development, are sick up to 4 times a year;
The third group includes children with chronic diseases or congenital diseases;
The fourth group includes children with chronic diseases, congenital heart defects, developing the disease;
The fifth group includes children and adolescents with severe chronic diseases and whose functional status is poor.
Doctors, educators, educators, parents should have a specific attitude to children and adolescents, conduct treatment profilactic work on time.
Observations show that 1-graders are more likely to suffer from infectious diseases, especially children under the age of 3 years are more likely to suffer from the disease.
When assessing the physical development of the organism of children and adolescents, the following samotoscopic, anthropometric, samotometric indicators are used. Somotoscopic indicators were determined with the help of eye examination of the external appearance of the gavda.
The size depends on how the person is accustomed to holding his own beak in a free position when sitting turganda or not. When the person's figure is normal, he is in a standing position, his waist and beak are in one vertical, his shoulders ozroq are lowered and his IQ is straight, his chest is slightly raised, his back is densely stuck to the ribs, his legs are straight and straight, his thighs and thighs touch each other and stand upright and straight.
Bending of the spine in front, back, side Taman, a change in The Shape of the chest, improper grip of the legs will lead to a violation of the posture. Lifting a heavy load at a young age, lifting a heavy folder with a book dumbbell with a constant hand, when preparing a lesson, when writing, it causes a violation of the posture of the buttocks, etc., when the chest rests against the part and the edge of the table.
If the heels and the surface of the thigh touch each other in a standing position, where the legs are paired, but there is a gap between the knee and the thigh, then the "Toe" is called The Shape of the leg. If, on the contrary, the knees in the standing position touch each other, the heels and the surfaces of the thigh do not touch, then the "X" is called The Shape of the Simon leg. A change in the level of the foot palm also causes a change in the posture to a certain extent. In the normal state, the deepened part of the foot is made up of 3 to 2 parts of the heel level of the foot. Such leg is called "moth compensation" if its levels form part of the compensation level 3 to 1 or even less part of the reduced. Such people can not walk for a long distance, can not quickly chop, when walking quickly, pain occurs due to the contraction of the leg muscles. The reason for the occurrence of such a
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change is to suffer from rickets in youth, it is better not to practice walking correctly without wearing high-heeled shoes. To a certain extent, there will also be congenital. But it is possible to bring to normal if the cause is determined from a young age and the correct measures are taken.
Children and adolescents suffer from chronic diseases of the nervous system, sensory organs, digestive organs, violation of energy and metabolism, respiratory, circulatory and urinary-venous organs. These diseases begin in childhood or adolescence, and if the patient is not treated, then the chronic will begin to go away. For their prevention, it is necessary to feed the baby correctly and qualitatively from infancy, to observe the agenda, to lose weight, the child should be alert and temper.
References:
1. К.А.Святкина, Е.В.Белогорская, Н.П.Кудрявцева «Болалар касаллиги» Абу Али Ибн Сино нашрёти 1990 йил. Тошкент.
2. А.Ф.Тура, О.Ф. Тарасова, Н.П. Шабалова «Детские болезни» Москва «Медицина» 1995 г.
3. Здоровый образ жизни - основа воспитания подрастающего поколения «Соглом авлод учун" . Матер, науч. прак. конф. (26 апреля 1996 г.)
4. Э.К.Цыбулькина «Неотложная помощь в педиатрии» (руководство для врачей- педиатров скорой помощи) Ташкент, издательство имени Ибн Сины 1991 год.
5. Н.Р.Палеев «Беморлар парвариши буйича медицина хамшираси справочниги» Тошкент -1989 йил.
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