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УДК 658
Шевченко А.А. студент 4 курса факультет «Управления и бизнеса» Кемеровский институт (филиал) РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова
Россия, г. Кемерово ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Аннотация: В данной работе рассматриваются гибкие производственно-логистические системы и их преимущества. В основе этих систем лежат критерии гибкости, которые, в свою очередь и выступают в качестве перспектив развития логистики.
Ключевые слова: логистика, гибкость, универсальность.
Shevchenko А. А.
4th year Bachelor's Degree student Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Kemerovo Institute (branch) Kemerovo
PROSPECTS OF LOGISTICS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Annotation: This article considers flexible production and logistics systems and their advantages. There are the criteria of flexibility at the heart of these systems, which, in turn, act as prospects for the development of logistics.
Keywords: logistics, flexibility, versatility.
A logistics system is an adaptive feedback system that performs certain logistical functions. The logistics system includes several subsystems and has close links with the external environment. Logistic system can be represented both as an industrial enterprise and as a territorial production complex as a whole. The logistics system is used to develop strategic enterprise planning, it interacts with such functional areas as production and technology, marketing, as well as financing and administration [1].
In the process of scientific and technical progress development, the formation of the buyer's market, changes in consumer motivations priorities and the aggravation of all competition forms, the dynamism of the market environment is increasing. At the same time, trying to maintain the advantages of mass production, but obeying the trend of individualization, entrepreneurs are increasingly convinced of the need to organize production according to the type of flexible production and logistics systems.
Flexible production and logistics system is a combination in various junctions of equipment with numerical program control, robotic technological complexes, flexible production modules, individual units of process equipment, systems for ensuring the operation of flexible reconfigurable systems in automatic mode for a specified period of time.
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Flexible production and logistics systems have the property of automated readjustment in the products production of arbitrary nomenclature or the provision of an industrial nature services. They allow almost completely to exclude manual labor during loading-unloading and transport-warehouse operations in order to make the transition to minimal manning.
The organization of production by the type of flexible production systems is practically impossible without the use of logistics approaches in the management of material and information flows. The tendency to create flexible production (reconfigurable) systems is progressing very quickly, so the wide dissemination of the logistics concept in the sphere of basic production is promising and unambiguous. The modular principle of production and logistics systems functioning integrates the two leading forms of production and economic activities organization [2].
There are the criteria (prospects) for the development of the logistics system:
• Flexibility is the ability of the production and logistics system to adapt quickly to changes in operating conditions with minimum costs and without losses. Flexibility is one of the effective means of ensuring the sustainability of the production process.
• Flexibility of the machine system (flexibility of equipment). It reflects the duration and cost of the transition to the production of the next parts name (semifinished products) within the assortment assigned to the flexible production and logistics system. Indicator of this flexibility is considered to be the number of parts names manufactured in the intervals between adjustments.
• Assortment flexibility. It reflects the ability of the production and logistics system to update the products. Its main characteristics are the timing and cost of preparing the production of a new name for parts (semi-finished products) or a new set of logistics operations. The indicator of assortment flexibility is the maximum renewal factor of a product or complex of logistic operations, in which the functioning of the production and logistics system remains cost-effective.
• Technological flexibility. This is structural and organizational flexibility, which reflects the ability of the production and logistics system to use various technological options to smooth out possible deviations from the pre-designed production schedule.
• Flexibility of production volumes. It manifests itself in the ability of the production and logistics system to rationally manufacture parts (semi-finished products) in conditions of dynamic launch lot sizes. The main indicator of the production volumes flexibility is the minimum lot size (material flows) at which the functioning of this system remains cost-effective.
• Flexibility of system expansion. Otherwise, it is called the constructive flexibility of the production and logistics system. It reflects the possibilities of modulating this system, its subsequent development (expansion). With the help of constructive flexibility, the possibilities of combining several subsystems into a
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single complex are realized. The indicator of constructive flexibility is the maximum number of equipment pieces that can be used in a flexible production and logistics system while preserving the basic design solutions for the logistics (transport-warehouse) system and management system.
• Universality of the system. This kind of flexibility is characterized by a multitude of parts (semi-finished products) that can potentially be processed in flexible production and logistics systems. The universality of the system is estimated by the predicted number of parts modifications (semi-finished products) that will be processed in a flexible production and logistics system for the entire period of its operation [3].
Thus, logistics is the science of planning, controlling and managing the transportation, warehousing and other material and non-material operations performed in the course of the materials movement to the production enterprise, inside the factory processing of raw materials, materials and semi-finished products, bringing the finished product to the consumer in accordance with interests and consumer requirements, as well as the transfer, storage and processing of relevant information.
Flexible production and logistics systems and their advantages were considered. Based on these systems, the criteria (prospects) for the development of logistics were defined. The higher the enterprise has each of the criteria, the better the logistics system is established and the probability of further enterprise development is higher.
Использованные источники:
1. Мельников В.П.Логистика: Учебник для бакалавров / В.П.Мельников, А.Г.Схиртладзе, А.К.Антонюк.- М.: Юрайт, 2014.
2. Петров А.Е.Логистика в САПР. Часть 1. Логистика производства / А.Е.Петров.- М.: МГГУ, 2012
3. Ташбаев Ы.Э. Актуальные вопросы и тенденции развития логистики // Молодой учёный. - 2014. - №13.1.
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