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Promote health and prevention of diseases of the population
of the Republic of Uzbekistan 1 2 Saidaliev S. , Mamatkulov B. (Republic of Uzbekistan)
Укрепление здоровья и профилактика заболеваний населения Республики Узбекистан
Саидалиев С. С.1, Маматкулов Б. М.2 (Республика Узбекистан)
1Саидалиев Саидмурод Саидганиевич /Saidaliev Saidmurod - главный государственный санитарный врач Республики Узбекистан, заместитель министра здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан;
2Маматкулов Бахромжон Маматкулович /Mamatkulov Bahromjon - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор Школы общественного здравоохранения, Ташкентская медицинская академия, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Abstract: as is current state noted the importance of the possibility of the prevention and health promotion. However, the main role in the implementation of government programs in this area continues to play only the health care system, although these issues must be resolved through cross-sectoral cooperation and involvement of non-governmental organizations.
Аннотация: в настоящее время государством отмечается возможность важность вопросов профилактики и укрепления здоровья. Однако основную роль в осуществлении всех государственных программ в этом направлении продолжает играть только система здравоохранения, хотя данные вопросы должны решаться путем межсекторального сотрудничества и вовлечения неправительственных структур.
Keywords: primary prevention, secondary prevention, communicable diseases, immunization, vaccines.
Ключевые слова: первичная профилактика, вторичная профилактика, инфекционные заболевания, иммунизация, вакцина.
Protection of population health is the priority direction of the Republic of Uzbekistan policy. Series of lows on the promotion of health and disease prevention of the population were approved in the Republic: particularly on the 2nd July, 1992 «State sanitary inspection«low was adopted, on the 29th August,1996 low «Promotion of health of the population«low was adopted, and the Low of «Sanitary- epidemiological well-being of the population«was adopted on the 26th Agust, 2015 [5, p. 38, 6, p. 51, 7, p. 42].
With the appropriation of the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan radical reform of the public health system is being made. A great attention is paid to the promotion of health of the population and disease prevention [1, р. 300, 2, р. 575].
It should be noted, that there is a very strong juristic base on health nutrition, physical activity and fatness prevention, cacoethes control, infectious disease prevention ( HIV/ AIDS, tuberculosis), labor and environmental hygiene [3, р. 3-10, 4, р. 48-55].
In the issue of purposeful conduction of the complex of preventive and anti-epidemic measures the reduction of many infectious diseases was achieved in the Republic, including typhoid fever to 1.9 times, salmonellosis infection group to 1.8 times, viral hepatitis B to 1.6 times, influenza to 71.4 %, tuberculosis of respiratory apparatus for 33.1 %. During a lot of years on the territory of the republic it is prohibited to bring into such special dangerous infections as plague, cholera, yellow fever, contagious hemorrhagic fever and other infectious diseases.
During the last period a further strengthening of legislative- regulatory base on immunoprophlaxis was held, Sanitary norms and rules «Immunoprophlaxis of infectious
diseases in the Republic of the Uzbekistan«№ 0239-07 was renewed in connection with adoption new vaccines (31 January, 2013, annex № 2).
Public Health Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan has demonstrated stable ability of self-provision with vaccines that are provided with the immunoprophlaxis program: 100 % of total needs in vaccines for primary population immunization is being purchased from 2011. In addition, vaccines for revaccination in age group of 6,7 and 16 years are purchased centrally. Due to sufficient provision with vaccine product, coverage level of scheduled immunization of the population remains very high within a lot of years and is 97-99 %.
All incoming to the Republic of Uzbekistan vaccines are registered by the National Control Authorities, each vaccine party is controlled and certificate of conformity of the quality of the vaccine is given.
Nowadays purchasing of new vaccines against 11 infectious diseases (diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles, German measles, epidemical parotitis, IGW, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, HIB infection and oral viral infection) is being made. Vaccines are supplied from 6 manufactures from 5 countries (India, Indonesia, Korea, Belgium, France).
One of the main strategic direction in the immunoprophlaxis sphere is continuous improvement of the national vaccination calendar on the basis of the leading world experience, implementation of new vaccines into it. From the 15 July 2014 vaccination from oral viral infection was implemented successfully, from the 1 November 2015 pneumococcus vaccine was implemented.
The implementation of new vaccines in the republic is planned very soon:
• Dead poliomyelitis vaccine (DPV) - from the 1 March, 2016.
• In 2017 it is planned to implement human papilloma vaccine (VHP).
The Republic of Uzbekistan met with HIV problem rather later than other countries and nowadays and is relatively successful country on the HIV problem.
In the country in response to the epidemic from the side of the government, international organizations and non-governmental structures purposeful measures are made for reduction of HIV-infection spread. So, in 2008 the Resolution of President of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On the extra precautions of increasing of effectiveness of counteractions to the spread of HIV-infection in the Republic of Uzbekistan«was adopted and Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Also, «Strategic program of the counteractions to the spread of HIV-infection in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2013-2017«was approved. This Strategic program is based on the international obligations adopted by the government of the republic, such as : Aims of millennium development, Declaration on commitment, adopted on the special session of General Assembly of UNO about AIDS in 2001-2006, where according to the Declaration the countries that support unity of the policy, strategies and ways to counteractions of the epidemy.
The Low of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About counteractions to spread of disease produced with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-infection)«was adopted in 2013. This new low gives the opportunity to eliminate the problems on the subject like stigmata and discrimination of HIV infected people, quality improvement of the supplied medical service, increasing of the effectiveness and quality of the anti-epidemiological measures in the HIV-infection control.
The Low of the limiting the usage of the tobacco goods and alcohol was made in the republic. Elaboration of the national strategy on prevention and noninfectious chronic diseases control (NICD), the priority illnesses of which is influence on modifying factors of risk such as nutrition, passive lifestyle, smoking and alcoholism prevention.
Conclusion:
1. It should be mentioned that today the government points the possibility and the importance of the questions of health prevention and consolidation. However the main role in realization of all governmental programs in this direction has only the public health
system, although these problems must be solved in the way of intersectoral cooperation and involvement of nongovernmental bodies.
2. In this sphere admission of governmental strategy or necessary financial program plays special role, and also including into the politics of all adjacent governmental sectors of the health subjects( for example, results and influence of food industry on the population health, transport and agricultural policy, policy of appropriate conditions supplying on the working place and etc)
3. At the same time it is necessary to organize works for conduction of regular integrated analysis of the health hazard and behavioral factors at intersectoral level and accepting of appropriate political decisions on base of facts and proofs.
References
1. Niyazmatov B. I., Kudasheva L. V., Shoumarov S. B., Mustafayev H. M. The history of the organization and development of sanitary-epidemiological service of the Republic of Uzbekistan. T.: Uzbekistan, 2008. 300 p.
2. Mamatkulov B. Public health and health management. T.: Ilm-Ziyo, 2014. 575 p.
3. Onischenko G. G. Results and prospects of ensuring the well-being Health and Epidemiology Russian Federation population // X All-Russian Congress of hygienists and health officers (October 3-4, 2007, Moscow). - M., 2007. C. 3-10.
4. Prusakov V. M., Verbitskaya E. A., Prusakova A. V., Tkachenko A. V., Prusakova M. V. Assessment of health risks as a means to improve management of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population // Bulletin ESSC SB RAMS. Number 2005. 8 (46). P. 48-55.
5. The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «State sanitary inspection», Tashkent -«Uzbekistan» 1992. P. 38.
6. The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «Protection of public health», 1996, p. 51.
7. «Sanitary-epidemiological well-being of the population «Low of the Republic of Uzbekistan», Tashkent - «Uzbekistan», 2015, p. 42.
Pharmacodynamic effects of drugs and standard outlines of treatment of the second-line of peptic ulcer disease for some indicators of aggression in the mucous tissue of the stomach
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Akbarova D. , Musaeva L. , Zufarov P. (Republic of Uzbekistan) Фармакодинамические эффекты препаратов и стандартных схем терапии второй линии язвенной болезни на некоторые показатели агрессии в слизистой ткани желудка Акбарова Д. С.1, Мусаева Л. Ж.2, Зуфаров П. С.3 (Республика Узбекистан)
1Акбарова Дильфуза Суратовна /Akbarova Dilfuza - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент; 2Мусаева Лола Жураевна /Musaeva Lola - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент; 3Зуфаров Пулат Саатович / Zufarov Pulat - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кафедра клинической фармакологии, Ташкентская медицинская академия, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в экспериментальной модели язвы желудка у крыс установлено, что компоненты противоязвенной терапии омепразол, метронидазол и фуразолидон разнонаправлено влияют на систему NO образования и увеличивают содержание молочной кислоты в слизистой ткани. Среди схем терапии второй линии при лечении
