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АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО «НАУЧНАЯ АРТЕЛЬ»
УДК 691
Аннабяшов Мусаберды Мухаммедбердыевич Аннагурдов Акмурад Тиркишевич Аннамядов Хезрет Ровшенович
Туркменский государственный архитектурно-строительный институт
Научный руководитель: Бегмурадова Бахаргуль Мурадовна
г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан
ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ОГНЕУПОРНОГО КИРПИЧА В ТУРКМЕНИСТАНЕ
Аннотация
Рассмотренные некоторые характеристики и основные виды огнеупорных кирпичей, производство которых налажено в Туркменистане. Показано, что основным компонентом для производства такого вида кирпича является тугоплавкая каолиновая глина, добываемая на западе нашей страны.
Ключевые слова
строительные материалы, производство огнеупорного кирпича, каолин
Annabyashov Musaberdy Mukhammedberdyevich Annagurdov Akmurad Tirkishevich Annamyadov Khezret Rovshenovich
Supervisor: Begmuradova Bahargul Muradovna
Turkmen State Architecture and Construction Institute
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
PRODUCTION OF FIRE-RESISTANT BRICKS IN TURKMENISTAN
Abstract
Some characteristics and main types of refractory bricks, the production of which is established in Turkmenistan, are considered. It is shown that the main component for the production of this type of brick is refractory kaolin clay, mined in the west of our country.
Key words
building materials, production of refractory bricks, kaolin clay
A plant for the production of reinforced concrete products in the Bezmeyin district of Ashgabat has launched the production of refractory bricks, which will be used for lining furnaces, including cement ones [1]. This is the first enterprise in Turkmenistan that has mastered the production of this type of product. The Bezmeyin plant is a division of the state enterprise Turkmendemirbetononumleri, which is part of the state concern Turkmensenagat. This concern controls all state -owned cement factories in the country.
Refractory brick is a special building material that is used for lining stoves and fireplaces. It creates the
НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ «CETERIS PARIBUS»
ISSN (p) 2411-717X / ISSN (e) 2712-9470
№9 / 2024
inner shell of furnaces and chimneys, which is in direct contact with an open fire. This material is used not only for laying home stoves and fireplaces. The main consumers of refractory bricks are metallurgical enterprises such as blast furnace, open-hearth and converter plants, as well as rolling mills, glass and porcelain factories, coke chemical plants and others. The heat-resistant brick produced at the plant is able to withstand high temperatures, as well as physical and physico-chemical processes occurring in furnaces. This type of brick is used for laying blast furnaces, steelmaking, heating furnaces in ferrous metallurgy, as well as for furnaces in non-ferrous metallurgy, for the production of glass and cement, as well as for furnace flues and chimneys of household fireplaces. The main component for the production of bricks at the plant is refractory kaolin clay, mined in the Balkan province. The use of fireclay raw materials makes it possible to produce products that withstand temperatures of more than 1200 degrees and multiple heating and cooling cycles [2].
William Weston Young Sr., an employee of the English Quaker company, is considered to be the inventor of the refractory brick. At the beginning of the 19th century, he conducted research with dinas clay to create heat-resistant cladding for furnaces. He created the first high-strength refractory brick by adding limestone to silicon dioxide. In 1822, investors appeared in this project, and mass production of the material began, including for export. Refractory bricks are made from refractory clay, which contains up to 40% aluminum oxide or silica [3]. The molded workpiece is fired until the inner part acquires vitreous properties. For the preparation of this material, white refractory clay is often used, which acquires a light shade due to the mineral kaolinite. Such a refractory brick is called fireclay. The main advantage of this material is its ability to withstand very high temperatures. It does not crack or crumble even at temperatures above 1000 g.
In addition, refractory bricks have low thermal conductivity. It also has a clear geometric shape with pronounced edges and corners, which is important when laying the material. There are four main types of refractory bricks: fireclay, quartz, basic and carbon. Each of them has its own characteristics and advantages. Fireclay bricks are made of refractory light clay with a high content of kaolinite. It is resistant to alkalis and can withstand multiple temperature changes. Its production technology is simple and the cost is low. However, it has a relatively low heating temperature, which may be a disadvantage for home conditions. Quartz brick is made of pure sandstone mixed with refractory clay. It is destroyed by direct contact with lime and other alkalis. It is used for laying the arches of stoves and fireplaces, where high temperatures are reached. The base brick is made of refractory clay with a high content of calcium oxide.
Nowadays, silica-molybdenum bricks are mainly used in tertiary air ducts and decomposition furnaces of cement rotary kilns. These bricks have high wear resistance and corrosion resistance due to the addition of silicon carbide. They can last for more than three years and avoid the problems associated with repeated replacement of the cladding.
Список использованной литературы:
1.Машырыков Э., Оразов А., Овезова А., Бегмурадова Б. Возможности производства инновационных строительных материалов в Туркменистане // Вестник науки. 2024. № 2 (71).
2.Карклит А.К. Огнеупорные изделия, материалы и сырье.М.:1991
3.Robert W. Fitzgerald. Fire Performance Analysis for Buildings. United Kingdom.: 2017
© Аннабяшов М.М., Аннагурдов А.Т., Аннамядов Х.Р., 2024
