CC BY
3
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УДК 331.45
Dmitrienko N.A.
Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, associate professor Associate Professor of the Department "Foreign Languages" Institute of Service and Entrepreneurship (Branch) of DSTU
Russia, Shakhty Alimova K.S. Graduate student 1 course, Faculty of Engineering and Technology Institute of Service and Entrepreneurship (Branch) of DSTU
Russia, Shakhty
PROFESSIONAL RISK EVALUATION BY THE FAIN-KINNI METHOD
Abstract: The risk management process is the basis for creating a healthy and safe working environment. The risk can be caused by technogenic accidents, as well as occupational diseases and cause material damage. Risk assessment is a structured process that identifies ways to achieve goals, analyze the consequences and probabilities of events for making decisions about the need for risk treatment. This article describes one of the methods for risk assessment - Fain-Kinni method.
Keywords: technosphere safety, risk, probability, professional risk, assessment methods, risk assessment.
The development of the technosphere has led to the accumulation of large potential hazards - technogenic factors, the cumulative effect of which has become commensurate with action on the person of natural factors.
The emergence of the technosphere required the diversion of a part of human resources to the creation of a technical security system designed to ensure the protection of man from technogenic factors.
In recent years, steps have been taken in Russia to switch to the use of risk
indicators in assessing the safety of industrial plants. Thus, along with the concept of "security", the opposite concept of "risk" began to be used [1].
According to the dictionary reference of terms on ecology and conservationists, risk is the probability of adverse effects for environmental resources of any (intentional or accidental, gradual or catastrophic) anthropogenic changes in natural objects and factors, , as well as the likelihood of environmental degradation or its transition to an unstable state [2].
The term professional risk is used to describe the level of human security in the field of professional activity.
The professional risk is the probability of damagees (loss) to health or death as a result of the adverse influence of factors of the working environment and the labor process associated with the performance of duties under an employment contract and in a number of other cases established by law [3].
Professional risk can be presented in the form of three main components:
1) the risk of damage to health due to accidents at work of varying severity, which leads to the need to transfer to another job, temporary or permanent loss of professional disability, or death;
2) the risk of occupational diseases resulting from exposure to harmful and dangerous production factors, and the resulting temporary or permanent disability;
3) the hidden risk of damage to health by harmful factors of the working environment, severity, intensity of the labor process.
Professional risk assessment can occur using various methods and techniques. A set of methods is used for more accurate risk assessment sometimes. This is happening in order to more accurately calculate the risk and its impact on a person in the process of his work or life. All methods can be divided into three groups [4]:
- statistical methods;
- expert methods;
- calculated and analytical methods.
In more detail, an infinite number of specific methods and techniques belong to each group of methods. Based on GOST R ISO / IEC 31010-2011 Risk Management. Risk assessment methods [5].
Statistical are methods that are based on determining the probability of occurrence of certain risks or on studying risk statistics that have already occurred in similar situations.
They are able to provide the highest degree of risk assessment, but only with very careful monitoring and the availability of complete and correct information. Otherwise, statistical methods will not bring the expected results in the risk assessment.
The methods that are carried out by highly qualified specialists based on the collection, study, and synthesis of risk assessments are expert. The advantage of these methods is that they approach any field of activity.
But sometimes the universality of these methods is too low, so in many cases when a risk analysis is needed in a particular situation, the development of
special techniques is required. The disadvantage of these methods is the high cost since, in order to attract experts with the necessary qualifications, high costs are required.
The last group of methods is the most widespread and simplest in execution - computational and analytical methods. These methods allow to assess risks in the absence of any statistics and to obtain a quantitative assessment. All methods of this group also refer to mathematical methods, the use of which usually leads to complete certainty [6].
There are many methods for assessing occupational risks. One of positively proved in practice is Fayn and Kinney's method which the main idea consists in the assessment of the individual risks of the certain worker defined as the probability of getting injured or a disease as a result of the existing danger.
This method is most widespread in foreign countries. Its advantage in simplicity and that it is based on the standard system principles has constant character, allows to plan and carry out monitoring of the revealed dangers and also to react quickly to the changing conditions of the production environment.
The main idea of the method of Fain-Kinni is to assess individual risks as the product of three components - the impact, probability and consequences of an event.
There is a degree of exposure varies from 0 - there is never exposure, to 10 -permanent exposure, in Fain-Kinni method. The probability varies from 0 -absolutely impossible, to 10 - it will happen. The consequences range from 1 -minimal (damage), to 100 - disaster.
In determining the degree of risk, all stages of work are considered: from the process of preparing for them to the stages of their implementation and completion (table 1, 2).
Table 1 - Quantitative assessment of risk components
Points Probability
10 Most likely to happen
6 Very likely
3 Uncharacteristically, but it is possible
1 It is improbable
0,5 It is unlikely perhaps
0,2 It is almost impossible
0,1 It is actually impossible
Points Influence
10 Constantly
6 Daily during the working day
3 Occasionally, weekly
2 Sometimes (monthly)
1 Seldom (annually)
0,5 Very seldom
Points Consequence
100 Emergency situation, many victims
40 Destructions, there are victims
15 Serious consequences, there is a fatal case
7 Disability, severe injury
3 Cases of temporary disability
1 Slight injury, first aid is provided
Table 2 - Ball scale of professional risk assessment
Points Risk Preventive measures
> 400 Extra-high It is necessary to stop immediately activity before elimination of danger or risk reduction
200-400 High Acceptance of emergency measures on risk reduction is necessary
70-200 Considerable It is necessary to plan and execute actions for risk reduction in a short time
20-70 Moderate It is necessary to plan and execute actions for risk reduction
< 20 Small Subject to research. It is necessary to control danger level
As a result, risks are classified into five groups: small; moderate; considerable; high; extra-high. The advantages of this method are simplicity in calculations and visibility. The disadvantage is the subjectivity in the assessment of probability.
Conclusion: The article describes one of the positively recommended in practice method of risk assessment, the idea of which is to assess the individual risks of an individual employee, defined as the probability of injury or illness as a result of the existing danger. Application of mark assessment of the specified parameters of professional risk on the basis of an appropriate rating scale allows obtaining a quantitative degree of risk, which in turn makes it possible to correctly respond to the risk and take appropriate measures to eliminate it.
References:
1. Frolov A.V. Management of technosphere safety: manual / A.V. Frolov, A.S. Shevchenko. - the 2nd prod., revised and additional - M.: RUSAYNS, 2016. -268 pages;
2. Ibragimova K.K., Rakhimov I.I., Ziyatdinova A.I. The DICTIONARY REFERENCE of terms on ecology and conservation: Manual. Kazan, Otechestvo publishing house, 2012. - 148 pages;
3. GOST R.22.0.06-95. Safety in emergency situations. Sources of natural emergency situations. The striking factors. The nomenclature of parameters of the striking influences. - M, 1995;
4. About a sanitary and epidemiologic situation in the Russian Federation in 1998: State report. - M.: Federal center of State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 1999. - 222 pages;
5. GOST P ISO/MEK 31010-2011 Management of risk. Risk assessment methods. Industrial safety: Collection of documents. Rules. Instructions. Norms. -Novosibirsk: Siberian university publishing house, 2008. - 244 pages;
6. Professional risk. Theory and practice of calculation / A.G. Hrupachev, A.A.
Hadartsev; under a general edition of A.G. Hrupachev; the 1st prod. - Tula: Publishing house of TULGU, 2011. - 330 pages;
УДК 159.99
Egorova V.N.
Student at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Psychology and Communicative Studies Kuban State University Russia, Krasnodar Nazarova D.S.
Student at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Psychology and Communicative Studies Kuban State University Russia, Krasnodar Volkodav T.V.
Ph.D., associate professor in the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology and the Department of English Philology Kuban State University Russia, Krasnodar
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN TEMPERAMENT AND INTERNET ADDICTION IN RUSSIAN ADOLESCENTS
Abstract: the article is devoted to the problem of psychological influence of temperament on the development of Internet addiction, based on the study, attended by 61 students of Kuban State University (M=21, F=40) aged from 16 to 20 years old. It is assumed that temperament can either contribute or hinder the development of Internet addiction.
Keywords: Internet addiction, temperament, students, dependence, male, female.
Introduction
Rapid development of information technologies hastened the emergence of the Internet, which has absorbed human society since 1990 [3, С. 797-805]. In today's society the Internet has become a fundamental part of our life.
The growth of time spent in the virtual world is determined by a few positive characteristics of the Internet, e.g., accessibility, anonymity, a convenient way of transferring information, security, etc. These characteristics are appealing to young people, but the Internet can have a row of negative consequences as well [2].
Kymberly Young, a professor of University of Pittsburgh for the first time ever supposed that the increase in time spent on the Internet and the loss of time control can serve as a key indicator of addiction. Such a behavior can provoke a row of such consequences as poor academic performance at the university or school, family stress, depression, low self-esteem, health problems, etc. [6, С. 241-
