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1 Sb'u Porter M. E., Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, 1985 559 tg:
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2 Sb'u Porter M.E., Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, 1985,
3 Sb'u briLjli Lnbrr\Q, tg 38:
4 Sb'u Gereffi G., The Organisation of Buyer-Driven Global Commodity Chains: How US Retailers Shape Overseas Production Networks. In G. Gereffi and M. Korzeniewicz (Eds), Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994, t2 95:
5 Sb'u briLjli uibriQ, t2 96-97:
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6 Sb'u Gereffi G., The Organisation of Buyer-Driven Global Commodity Chains: How US Retailers Shape Overseas Production Networks. In G. Gereffi and M. Korzeniewicz (Eds), Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994, tg 96-97:
7 Sb'u Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T., The governance of global value chains, Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2005:
8 Sb'u tinyti uibriQ, tg 83-84:
9 https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/publications_e/gvcd_report_17_e.htm
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10 Sb'u Global Value Chain Development Report 2017: Measuring and Analyzing the Impact of GVCs on Economic Development, Chapter 1: Analytical frameworks for global value chains: An overview,
" Sb'u DedrickJ., Kraemer K.L., Linden G., Who Profits from Innovation in Global Value Chains? A Study of the iPod and Notebook PCs, 2008 Industry Studies Conference Paper. Jason Dedrick, Kenneth L. Kraemer, Greg Linden:
12 Sb'u Global Value Chains and Economic Globalization - Towards a new measurement framework Report to Eurostat by Dr. Timothy J. Sturgeon Industrial Performance Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013:
13 Sb'u bnyb uibr\[i, tg 41:
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14 Sb'u Berns R., Johnson R.C., Value-added exchange rates, Working Paper 18498, http://www.nber.org/papers/w18498:
15 Sb'u Koopman R., Wang Z. and Jin Wei S., 2014, Tracing Value-Added and Double Counting in Gross Exports, American Economic Review, 104(2), 459-94:
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2. LTnqni[uijfiti infiiqfi q.[npui[ uipdbgfi 2ipuitibp: P|iqLibu|i l|iuniui|iup-diuLi L|iuJ |ibqnLuinp|iiuL |ibd'|iLi|ip|iljq|i n[npinmJ iSnrinq bqpmjtap l||> piuni|nLd t npiqbu bti|aiupiuqiuqp|ijLibp|i hiudiufunLdp, npLi oqiniuqnpS-i[mJ t i[tiP2LiiuL|iuLi iupiniuqpiulip|i |anqiupl|diuLi hiudiup: LLju qbuipnul diuinlul|luphipp iuii|piuLipljbp t wpiniuqpnLd L|iuJ 6iuniujnL|3-jnLLiLibp JiuinnLgnLJ qLinpq|i iqiuhiuLi2tjbp|iLi hludlUll|lUlnluufLllutJ, inbfutin[n-q|iiuL|iulj qnp6pLi|aiugLibp|i hiudiup L|pbLni[ nq2 u| turn luufiiiuti win i|n l-tajmliQ: <iu6iufu dwiniul|wpwpLibpLi oqiniuqnpdnuJ bLi hwdiuii||"iinwLi|i (nLLi|ii|bpuiuL) dbpbliwLibp Li hwuinnglibp' LibpqpnuJLibpQ piu2fub[ni| uii|iunnqiuL|iuli [lujli 2P2wliiul||i wiqpiutiptibp iupiniuqpb[nL hwdwp: T-iu qLinpq|ili hLiiupwi|npnL|3jnLli t iniu|jiu lii|iuqbglib|nL wniuliSLiwhiu-LnnlL| qnpdiuppLibp|i diufuubpp, dfiblinLjli duidiuliiul|, qlinpqLibp|i Li dw-inwl|wpiuplibp|i il|i2b- hiupiupbpnL|ajnLlilibpLi iuju qbaipnul wi|b|ji bli pwpqwtinLd, pwti 2nii|iiijiul|iiitj hwpwpbpnLpjnLLiLibpnLd, j)wLi|i np d|i2-^>|ipJiuj|iLi inbqbL|iuini[iuL|iulj hnupbpp 2LULn wi|b|ji db& bti, |iLijq bLi-pwqpnLd t iupd"bp|i 2rLtaujjh pwql|wgnLg|i^tjbp|i LjiuJ dnqnL|tibp|i dw-u|itj q|iinb|jif2 (tiwfuwq&ni.d, wpinwqpnLpjnLtj b. wj[Li): <iupiupbpnL|ajuib in|iu]|i q.[npui[ uipdbg|i 21laujkbp: Uju qbiq^mJ iupiniuqpiul|iutj qnp&pLi|awgp npn2wl||i wu|pwLij)|i iupiniuqpnL|3-jiulj hiuiliup ii|iuhiuLi2nLiI t hiuinnLl| iibpbliiuuiuppiui[npnLiILibp (hiuinnLl| 6U|i, ^iui|i|i, inbuiuL||i): lijuinbq $|ipijiuLibp|i d^U ijinfuhiupiupbpnL-tajmLiLibpQ qiunLinnI bli i|infuL|iufui[iu6: U"|i Ljniqiilng1 diuiniul|iupiupQ L|iupnq i|iu6iunb[ lujq iuii|piuLipQ dbl| iujl qlmpqli' hiu2i||i lunlibLnij lujli hiuLiqiudiulipQ, np hiuinnLl| Li2iuLiiuL|nLfajiuLi iuii|piuLiplibpLi mLibLi iuj[-QliinpiuLipiuj|iLi oqiniuqnpddiuli libq 2P2lu^jujL|' ^JnLU ^n.^hg' ^"PH-h hiuiliup tL LiiqiuiniuL|iuhiupJiup jt iujqop|iljiuL| lupqjnLtij) iuL|ljL|iu[bL iujl JiuiniuL|iupiupljbp|ig, npnLip jmbbLi bJiub hLnupiui[npnL|3-jnLljljbp: L,lu-
16 Sb'u Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T., The governance of global value chains, Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2005, tg 83-84:
i|iuqnLjti qhuipnui qiu 1|шрпг[ t piulil| iupdt¡tiiu|; LLj u ll) |n u n hpl|ru L|nq-líhpli t[ hiul|i|uiô ¿bti ф1ллрЬ[ги ujLptiinpiulipiujIiti qnpöiupiup huipiu-pbpnLpjrutilihp, oii|h[|ili' upmuqpnqiul|iulinLpjiuli piupöpiugüiuli hui-líiup huiinruLi li2iuluul|nLpjiuli ijhphliiuuuippiu^npnLiitihpli líhg hhiniu-qiu LiЬрг|_рnllîIjbpq iui|t¡Lh bli funpiugliruii qnpôiupp|i 2h2Lni|iuô uiiuutiâ-ЬшМшьп^ги^гиЬЬЬрр' L|nr\ilbp|ilj libppiu2b|nil фп^ъ|1|ш^ъи|ш& hiupiupb-pnL|3jnLLiLibp|n Jbg:
4. 4-bp[i2hJnrx in|iu||i qinpuiL uiptfbj)|i 2П.Рш^Ьр: LLjuiq|iu|i qnpôtjiul|iuli hiupiupbpnLpjnLtjlibp ЬшЬгфьцпи! bb hiudbdiuiniupiup [ип2пр сцприд ppbtiqiujlnli plil|bpni.pjni.litjbp|i Li qpuibg hbm blipiuiiiiujdiutjiuqpiuji'itj hiupiupbpnLpjnLtjlibp nLlibgnq inbqiuL|iuli фпрр pbL|bpni.pjnLtjlibp|i d|> 2li: Si4jm[ qhu|gmiï ôumiujrupjnLlitihp líiuinrugnqQ L|iuií йштш1|шршрр fuuinnphti hhinLnLij t Ишбш^ипргф u|iuhiuli2lihp|"iti, npnlip lunti^nuï bli iuu|piuti|)lihp|i пршфЬ, £>iuluul||ili Li iíiuiniuL|iupujpiíiuli duiiíl|hin-libpfili: h iniupphprufajriLti 2mL|iujujL|iuli in|iu||i 4-liC-|i йшшш^шршр-libp|V tipiutip ^hti l|iupnq рпг|шр1|Ь[ dhô ôiui|ui|ji шртшгфшЬр Li oqxni|hL ÜLUu2uiaip|i inliinhudiuli t$hL|in|ig, |iti£ii|hu tiiuLi ^rulihli uijli jnLpiuhiuinl|nL|ajnLtjp, [ariLjL l|iniup д.ЬпрфЬ' прг^шфпрЬЬ L|iufu-i|iuô Lh^t¡L hnbbghg (plinpn2 t hiupiupbpnLpjiutj ыфиф 9-llG-|i diuiniu-1|шршрЬЬр|пЬ): ILju qbuiprud iupiniur|.piul|iutj d^wLi hluupiui|npnL-pjmtitibpp tibqiuglinLd bb lipiulig qpulmpdiuli 2Р2ш1|ш1|1|Ьрр, np|i hb-inLuulipnil hmjmtjL[nLJ bLi hiu6iufunpq|i hiulir|.bii| btipiul|iu q.|nppnLií:
5. U.uin|ióiutiiul]uipqiíiiiti ui|iu||i сцприц uipdbg|i 24puitihp: LLju 2П.Гаш_ lihpp luntijilrud hti hnp|iqnliujL|iuli |itiinhqpi|iuô ф|прйшЬЬр|пЬ, fillip plmpri2 t h|idliujL|iulinLd i|hpiuqqiuj|iti L|npo|npmg|iaiLibp|ili, npntip diuutiiuójnLqhp rutihli тшррЬр hpliptihprud:
4Ьрп1|2]Ш[ in|iii|iupiulinLpjnLlip piui|uil|iuli|"iti qLir¡.q_pL|nlLi t Li hlimpiui|n-pnLpjruti t inui|]iu hiudiuu|iuiniuufuujti inhqhL|iuini|ujL|iuli 1_пфш[ЬЬр|п iunl|iujnL-pjiuti qhuiprud aipuiaip|iLi umLunpiuj|iti hiudiuu|iuiniuufuiuli qnpôiupptihpQ linLjliiuL|iuliiuglibL прщЬи 9-lLG-|i paiqair|.p|i^ Li прп2Ь[ qpui pliqhiulinLp &шь[ш[р |ilijii|bu bpL|p|i lupiniuhiutjdiuli n L bbpdnLÓdiuli db$> шпш1|0|лЬ-шг1шЬ0|1Ь, lujli-ii|bu tL ptiqhiulinLp шртшр|п1| lunLunprud:
LLj и ll| и n l[, inliinbuiui|iupnrL urupjbL|Lnlibp|i luprniuplili lunLunpiujIili qnp-ôiupplibp|i L[h^LuL|Ujqpai^li ии[|Ш[1|Ьрр qpшlJgЬ[|^u шЬЬршс1"Ь21п t intiinhuiu-ijaipnq unLpjbL|inlibp|ig и1пшЬш[ hhinlijiu[ uibqbL|aiLnL[nLpjnLljp, pb aipqjnp.
aipinaihmLu|nq (libpiJnLÔi|nq) шьцршЬрр 1|Ьр2Ьш1|ш1| aipinaiqpmliß t, 1|шрпг[ t oqmiuqnp0i|bL шпш1|0|11|, pb" i|hp2liLuL|Ujti шртш^рш1|д|1 pujr\l)LugnLg|n¿ t Li liiufuiuinhui|iuô t LÏ|nuujLj шртш^рш1|ш1| qnpôplipm-g|i йши L|mqiîbLnL Ишйшр,
aipinaihmLu|nq (tihpiiruöi|nr|) шьцршЬрр tiaifuaunbui|mô t hbinoiqai liiulipiuijhöiuöujfbi 1|ш6шпр|1 Ишйшр, pb" iiaunmL|aipaipi|nLiî t npLt шр1пш^рш1|шЬ pliLibprupjaib' npo|bu шр1лшг|.рш1|р|1
рш^1|шдтд|пь
1л1илЬиш|прш1[ш^ш1| hiupiupbprupjniMjbp bli hoiuinaiin^ô шрипшЬшЬп^ JшlлшL|шpшp|^ ru libpJruônq qlinpq|i d^Li.
ljnrnjbpq qnpdnuj bb iibl)luliq.ujljjlu wnp rn i|w6iuri£>|i a|lujiiluiilu-qp|i hfiiiiub i[puj l|iuil aiQiulig u|iujilwtiwqp|'r hai2|iL| iuu|piub{)w-qpnij,
L|nqiibp|i d|i2b qnpdnuj t bpl|wpiuduiill|bin iiwinwL|wpwpiIwb u|iuj-JLulJUJq.|^p, wu|piuti{)|i inbuiul||i rn {)wbwL|nL|3jwti, |ib£ii|bu LiluLl hb-rniuqiu diudL|binbbp|i i|bpiupbpjiuL b2nLdbbpni[, L|nqdbpQ hnp|iqntjiul|iutj L|iud nLqriiuhiujwg |ilimbqpi[lu6 $|ipdiubbp bti:
»-Lbpnt^wL L|binbp|i diuu|ib hiuJiuu|iuiniuufLiiub [piugrnJlibp l|LULniupb[nL qbaiprnJ L)luq.pluL)uuti &iuniujnL|3jnLtitjbpQ L|iupnqbb lupiniuhiubdiub (bbp-dnL&diub) qnp&iuppp bnLjbiuL|iutjiugbbL npiqbu 9-LLC-|i piuqiuqp|ij ll hiudiu-|xidpb[nL[ qpailip iuilifini|i iniljiu|libp uuilulilu[ iupiniu{)|iti iunLinp|i i|ji6iuL|iu-q.pnL|3jiuti db^ ^-liC-md bbpqpiui|i|iudnL[ajiub i|bpiupbpjiu[: U.jr|.ii||iu|i inl|jlu[tib-p|i lu ril| luj n L[dj n lb q hti lu p lu i|np n lfajn lLi t iniu|]"iu n lLi bti lu l l 9-LiC-|i bbpqpiui|i|iu-6nL|ajnLliQ iupiniugn|nq gnLgiub^ q|npuiL Lupdbpfi 2i"L[aiubbp|"ib diuubiuL|gnL-pjiuti |ibqb{)u, npp L|hiu2i|iupL|i|ji fib^iqbu wpiniuhiubiiiub m libpiInLdilaili hiudiup iuniuti(5|iti, LujtiLqbu t[ QbqhiubnLp iupiniup|"ib iunbinp|i hoidup' hbuilLjaiL piubiu5LLbp|i J|i2ngni[.
LLpinuihiutiiliuti 11011111^ GVCiexp = GVCexp/EXP npinbq GVCiexp-p1 lupiniuhiubdiub 9-liC-|i fibqbpu, GVCexp-|V 9-liC-li wpiniuhiubnLd, EXP-q' Qbqhiubmp wpiniuhiubnLd:
LbpiTnL6iTuib hiuiluip^ GVCiimp = GVCimp/IMP npinbq GVCiimp-p1 tibpiJnL6JLuti ^-liC-fi |ntir|.bpu, GVCimp-Q1 q-US-fi bbpdnLdmd, IMP-q' Qbqhiubmp bbpdmdmd:
ULpuiuipfiti uinliinp[i huiduipx GVCift = GVCft/FT npinbq GVCift-p' lupin iujD|ib iunbinp|i 9-U.C-|i fibqbpu,
GVCft-p1 9-liC-|i iupiniup|ib wnbinnLp (R-liC-li LupuiLuhLulinLiI+R-liC-li bbpdmdmd),
FT-b1 lupin iujD|ib ainbuinLp: Llbpnb2JWL gmgiub|i2bbpQ l|iupnq bli hiu2i|iupl|i|bL |ib^iqbu hiudiufLiiunb lupiniuhiubdiub, bbpdm&diub nL Lupiniup|nlj iunbinp|i in l[j iu [b bp n i[, Lujbiqbu tL wniubSlib bpl|ptibp|i hbin mbbgiud 9-liC-|i diuu l|iuqdnq iunbinpiu2p2wbiu-QnLfBJLUtl inL[)LU[tlbpn
LLjua||iu|i qnp&|if)iul|iuqdQ hbiupiui|npnL|3jnLb t inui|jiLi qbiuhiuinb|ru bpl|-p|i bbpqpiui|i|iu&nL|ajiub iuuin|i6iubQ 9-liG-md, Ll qpiubni[ |iuL| piui|iuL|iub|'ib iupdtif)iui|np f npiqbu iupiniup|ib inbinbuiuL|iub j)iuqiuj)iuL|iubnL|3jiub d2iuL|-diub jmpop|nLiLuL| qnp6|ip, d|ibbmjb d~iudiubiuL|, lujii Llu qbpd ^t npn2 pbpm-|3jmbbbp|ig: U~iuubiui|npiuii|bu, luju gmgiub|i2bbpQ ¿bti iupiniugn|nLd uil[juj[ 9-liC-|i bpL|iupnL|3jnLtilibpQ, npuibq bbpqpiui|i|iu& bli iniljiuL umpjbL|inbbpQ: lijqiL||iu|i ini[jiu|bbpQ npn2 £iui|ini( L|iupnq bli uuiujgi|b[ libpiInL6L|nq-b[pujqpi|nq LurijnLULuL|Libp|ig, uluL|lujli qpiutij) bu mLibti npn2lul||i uujhiIujliLui|iujL|nLiIlibp17:
17 Sb'u Global Value Chains and Economic Globalization - Towards a new measurement framework Report to Eurostat by Dr. Timothy J. Sturgeon Industrial Performance Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, May, 2013:
bqpuil|uigiH|3jiHti: <iu2i|]i iunbb|ni( i|hp2hb 2Р2ш^пи^ ^LiC-h hbinqhhinh luónq qhpiul|iuiniupnL|3jnLbQ ií|i2iuqqiuj|ib inbinbuiul|iub hiupiuphpnLpjnLb-libpriLLÎ n L hiuinl|iuii|hu iupiniup|"ib lunbinprnif qpiubp iui|b[Ji hiuóiufu bli hiujinbi|nLií inbinbuiuqhinbhp|i hbiniuqniniul|iub inhuiuqiu2innLii: Qbiujiuô i|bp-2|ibbbp|iu hiujinbiupbpiiiubQ, bnLjbiul|iubiugiiiubQ ru iuiii|ini|i tiiii||ip|il| ini[jiuL-bbpnLiI bbpiunb|nLb ruqqi|iuô ^ш^Ф^рЬ^' qpuibg iu2fLiiuphiuqpiul|iub inbqiu-piu2funLdb m mbfubn[nq|iLuL|aib l|iunnLgi[iuôf)Q piupqiugbrnd bb lujq 2ТРш^Ьр|п hiujinbiupbpdiub, qiuuiul|iupqdiub nL qpiubgdiub qnpôpb|aiugp:
4bpnb2JLU[ qnpôpb|aiugbbp|i l|iupbnpnL|ajnLbb iul|bbpL t qiunbnLd, bpp hiu2i[h bbj) lu nb n L J lujb hul|iujiul|iub inbmbuLuL|Ujb aiqqbgnL|3-jnLbQ, npp Я-ÜC-nLJ diuubiul|gnL|ajnLbp pnqbnLd t quipqiugiuô nL qiupqiugnq bpl|pbbp|i ijpiu: 2iupqiugiuô bplipbbpnuJ inbqiul|iuji|iuô inbfubn|nq|iiul|iub nL ф|пЬшЬиш-l|iub LÍbá nbunLpubbp nLbbgnq pbl|bpnLfajnLbbbpQ iupiniuqpiul|iub pujqiubbp bb inbqiupiu2funLii qiupqiugnq bpL|pbbpnuJ b, qpiubnij l|p6iuinh|ni{ lupiniuqpiu-L|iub öiufuubpQ, iui|b|iugi|iuö lupdhpfi iuL[b[h lïhô líiuubiupiudfib bb l|hbinpn-biugbnuj |ipbbg bplipnuJ: Ujnuj l^qii^g' qiupqiugnq hpl|pbhpQ htiiupiui|npnL-pjnLb bb mbbbnuJ bbpiînLÔb[nL piupöp inhfubn[nq|iiubhp, L|nLiniul|b[nL inhfutin-[nq|iiuL|iub ijinpä, nLbbbuqnL L|iujnLb uii|iunJiub 2ПЩШ> LnL^LnL Lupiniup|ib iunbinpiuj|ib hiu2i[bl|2n|i fubq|ipbbp:
bpb bnp|ig lubqpiuqiunbiubp unyb hnqi|iuônLd bbpL|iujiugi[iuó |iiniu|iu-L|iub oöiubbLhßh op|ibiuL||ib, luiqiu l|inbubbbj), np inbqhl|iuini|nL|ajnLliQ, np hbq-l|iul|iub L|iuqbbJiuJnLnp bpL|p|ig iupiniuhiubi[nLJ t n^ [ab hbiniuqiu Jiubpiu-Jbôiuôiufu iunbinp|i biqiuiniuL|ni[, iujl L|nbL|pbin $piuliu|iiul|iuli pbl|bpnL|ajiub u|iuini|hpni(, 2ШШ L|iupbnp t, £>iuti|i np lujb a|iuinl|bpiugnLiî t ifinfuiubgnLii L|iuqbbiJiuLÍnLn|i lupiniuhiubiJiub pti n у |э|п LÍiuu|ib nL hbiupiui[npnLfajnLb QbÖbnnuJ n [n p in n llî iÍ2iul|h|nL hiuiiiuii|iuiniuufuiuti £>iuqiupiul|iutinL[ajnltr mqqi|iuô L|iuqbb-iîiuLÎnLn|i lupiniuqpnLfajiub lupqjnLbiuijbinnLfajiub ршрЙршдйшЬр' iunl|iu |ipiug-lîiub hbiupiui|npnLfajnLbbbp|i qbii|pnuJ: lí|ibbnLjb duidiutiiul], ипфш[ iupd"hp|i 2qpiuj|i bpl|iupnL|ajiub iîiuu|ib mhqhl|iuini|nl|3jiuti piugiul|iujnL|3jnLtiQ ii|iupnL-tjluLjnllJ t npn2iul||i n|iuL|bp, j)iuli|i np hiujinb|i jt, pb 3jpiubu|iiujnLJ i|bpiu-d2iul|i[iuô L|iuqbbJiuJnLn|i qiniujnLqp qbn nppiub duidiutiiul| ii|iuhiutj2i|u-iô l||]> 1ф hiniu|jiLujnLd:
lijuiq|iuni[, iuL|bhiujin t, np 9-lLG-|i iuqqbgnL|3-jnLbp b inbinbuiuL|iub qbiu-hiuiniul|iubQ iqiuhiubjnLJ bb inbinbuiuL|iub hiupiupbpnL|ajnLbbbp|i piuqdiu-L|nqJiub|i i[bp[nLÔnL|ajnLb, b giulil|iugiuô Jiul|iupqiul|nLd i|ji6iul|iuqpiul|iuli td-ii||ip|iL| ini|jiu[bbp|i iunl|iujnL|3jnLbQ Öbnp t pbpnLiî iuniubgpiuj|ib l|iupbnpnL-[ajmb:
Oqinuiq.np6ilui6 qpuil|uitinL|ajnLti
1. DedrickJ., Kraemer K.L., Linden G., Who Profits from Innovation in Global Value Chains? A Study of the iPod and Notebook PCs, 2008 Industry Studies Conference Paper.
2. Gereffi G., The Organisation of Buyer-Driven Global Commodity Chains: How US Retailers Shape Overseas Production Networks. // G. Gereffi, and M. Korzeniewicz (Eds), Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994.
3. Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T., The Governance of Global Value Chains, Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 12, no. 1, 2005.
4. Global Value Chain Development Report 2017: Measuring and Analyzing the Impact of GVCs on Economic Development.
5. Global Value Chains and Economic Globalization - Towards a new measurement framework Report to Eurostat by Dr. Timothy J. Sturgeon, Industrial Performance Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, May 2013.
6. Koopman R., Wang Zh. and Wei Sh.-J., Tracing Value-Added and Double Counting in Gross Exports. American Economic Review, 2014,
7. Porter M.E., Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, 1985.
8. Value-Added Exchange Rates Rudolfs Bems Robert C. Johnson Working Paper 18498 http://www.nber.org/papers/w18498.
ЦОВАК ВОСКАНЯН
Аспирант кафедры международных экономических отношений АГЭУ
Проблемы статистической регистрации глобальных цепочек стоимости в контексте внешней торговли.- Одной из главных движущих сил современных международных экономических отношений являются глобальные цепочки стоимости. Хотя их влияние на мировую экономику является довольно значительным, в соответствии с традиционными статистическими инструментами они все еще остаются невидимыми во внешних макроэкономических показателях стран. За последнее десятилетие, вопросы оценки экономического влияния на ГЦС стали более актуальными, что позволит более подробно изучить мотивы современных международных экономических отношений, а также новый характер внешней торговли.
В статье рассматриваются теоретические основы ГЦС, принципы их классификации и типологии, а также результаты, полученные современными исследователями в контексте задач статистической регистрации.
Принимая во внимание классификационные характеристики ГЦС, предложена методология, позволяющая идентифицировать внешние торговые операции в качестве компонента ГЦС посредством соответствующих регистрации и обобщить их для получения соответствующих эмпирических данных для получения макроэкономических показателей. В качестве макроэкономического показателя ГЦС, индекс ГЦС предлагается как для экспорта и импорта в отдельности, так и для валовой внешней торговли. Такой показатель позволяет оценить уровень вовлеченности страны в ГЦС и выработать соответствующую внешнеэкономическую политику.
Ключевые слова: цепочка глобальной стоимости, статистика, индекс, ГЦС, внешняя торговля. JEL: F17, F44, F60
TSOVAK VOSKANYAN
PhD Student at the Chair of International Economic Relations at ASUE
Problems of Statistical Registration of Global Value Chains in the Context of Foreign Trade.- One of the main driving forces of modern international economic relations are the Global Value Chains. Although their impact on the world economy is quite significant, under the traditional statistical tools, they still remain invisible in the external macroeconomic indicators of countries. Over the last decade, the issues of
measuring the economic impact of the GVCs have become more important, which will enable to examine in greater depth the motives of modern international economic relations, as well as the new nature of foreign trade.
The paper deals with the theoretical bases of the GVCs, their typology and classification principles, and the results obtained by contemporary researchers in the context of statistical registration problems.
Taking into account the classification characteristics of GVCs, a methodology is proposed to allow external trade transactions to be identified as a GVC component by the relevant registrations and summarize them to obtain relevant empirical data in order to identify macroeconomic indicators. As a GVC macroeconomic indicator, the GVC index is proposed both for export and import separately and for gross foreign trade. Such an indicator enables to assess the level of involvement of the country in GVCs and to develop an appropriate foreign economic policy.
Key words: global value chain, statistics, indicator, GVC, index, foreign trade. J EL: F17, F44, F60
