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PROBLEMS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
N.T. Ergeshova, Senior Lecturer S.S. Ydyrysova, Lecturer K.B. Adapbaev, Senior Lecturer S.R. Abdykadyrova, Researcher Osh State University (Kyrgyzstan, Osh)
DOLW.24412/2500-1000-2022-5-1-296-300
Abstract. The article emphasizes the need to identify the causes and solve the problems that arise when teaching foreign languages to students at a university in the context of globalization. We all know that globalization is the main dominant factor in modern society. The growth of knowledge is characterized by the desire of society for a universal universe without borders. Thus, in the field of higher education, globalization is an objective reality that requires a universal staff of professionals and universalization of the content of education, reform of its content, forms and methods.
Keywords: globalization, university, foreign language, universal specialists, objective reality, mobile applications.
Introduction. Globalization can be defined as «the interconnections of global economic, political, cultural and environmental processes that continually transform present conditions» [3, p. 7-8]. In the context of globalization, comprehensive and rapid changes are happening almost in all sphere of life. These changes lead each of us to the flexibility.
Today, globalization has had and will continue to have effects on many aspects of society, including language [3, p. 5]. Globalization in the context of education is as well welcoming young generation to use granted opportunities along the world. Especially for university students the exchange, work and travel programs like the bridge between countries. These opportunities shows the importance of foreign languages. Students are highly motivated to learn languages. From this, we can see the need to bilingualism. University and secondary school management as well focused on hiring multilingual teachers and professors. The other side of this development makes challenge for teachers. In present market economy, we feel the obstruct competition among teachers, which makes them to be multiskilled specialists. For university and secondary school, challenge is training teachers in order not to be behind of
learners' choice. However, some educational institutes giving way to private schools. Because in order to train highly demanded teachers, institutions forced to hire up highly paid foreign trainers. When the institution staff see demotivation from leaders they are involved by the opportunity to work at private schools based on foreign languages. In such schools, the motivation for teacher is high-paid salary, and for learner's rich choice of specialties, which makes such schools sustainable. The sustainability is focused on continuous collaboration between foreign stakeholders -partners who lead learners to future job guarantee. In addition, for teachers continuous trainings, which make them gradually, retrained. Nevertheless, here we have to highlight.
The aim of research. Clarification and identification based on research and personal experience, which offers solutions to the problems of foreign language teaching in the context of globalization.
Actuality of research. In the context of globalization, training of university students in foreign languages with an emphasis on the skills necessary to become a worthy specialist in their chosen specialty, as well as positive and flexible ways to overcome inter-ethnic and inter-cultural problems.
Research materials and methods. A
method of analytical analysis of theoretical literature review that helps to study flexible ways of learning a foreign language in the context of globalization. As well, personal teaching experiences of English and Spanish languages at Osh State University.
Findings and discussions. In the context of globalization, intercultural communication in society is growing rapidly. This growth has changed the lives of almost all people around the world. Globalization has been followed by economic, trade and cultural ties, tourism growth, opportunities to study abroad, exchange of experience between students and professors through international programs, and many other phenomena in the field of ethnic and intercultural relations. updated a number of issues [4, p. 6]. Author is teaching experience and results of English and Spanish languages for non-language specialties like international business, international tourism, international law, practicing effective way of keeping balance between several languages to meet learners' expectations from learning foreign languages. As well, highlighting the importance of native language by motivating students to work out and follow personal mul-tilanguage dictionary including native one.
According to David Crystal, a British philologist and English linguist, half of the world's languages are in danger of extinction and the situation is so serious that international and interdisciplinary efforts are needed to preserve them. He wrote "The Death of a Language" to warn us of the impending danger and to suggest ways to preserve our linguistic diversity. David Crystal distinguishes three stages of cultural assimilation. The first is to force a person to learn a dominant language. The next stage is bilingualism, in which a person learns another language while using his or her mother tongue. The last stage, when the younger generation consider a new language more necessary and important than the previous one, leads to the loss of the language. The spread of English in the context of globalization will lead to changes in the language in some areas. In many cases, English words are so prevalent in society that mixing with the mother tongue gradually
reduces the purity of the language, making it unpleasant for the speaker and leading to the gradual loss of the original language [1, p. 198]. In bilingual society, we mean students of non-language specialty, who are learning any of foreign languages like secondary language borrowing plays a significant role. Learning a foreign language enhances learners' cognitive and analytical abilities.
Conclusion. Being bilingual is fantastic. Bilingualism can keep the brain strong and healthy, impacting the parts of the brain responsible for memory, in the result of conscious thought we become more creative. On a personal level, it increases set of sense of self-worth. Learning a new language can be challenging and it involves a lot of mental exercises. In the era of globalization, there is a convergence and integration of different languages and cultures, and a new language of communication is emerging. This language is connecting all members of the globe. In this context, foreign language teaching has its own characteristics and problems: first, to change the content of foreign language teaching, methods and means of teaching in accordance with the requirements of modern society. Modern society focus on being trained by competitive and multiskilled specialist. In order to achieve the goal of preparing students for real intercultural communication in foreign language teaching, first of all, foreign language teachers need to master modern communication and pedagogical technologies, taking into account the specifics of intercultural communication. The European Union, the United States, Canada and Russia are taking cardinal steps in this direction. The number of students, who realize the importance of foreign language in being, demanded professional, high paid, and flexible specialist is rapidly increasing. In Western and Central Europe, most educated people are fluent in two or three foreign languages. Because there is no any barrier to work in several countries. This opportunity as well the result of globalization which leads to cooperation and collaboration between countries by following solidarity in achieving strategic plans based on the well-being of nation. According to Russian researchers, this will
require an increase in the number of hours in foreign language curricula. Students studying in the bachelor's or master's degree system are recommended to study a foreign language for six to ten academic hours a week. It is often suggested by non-language specialty students to take into account the enthusiasm of the younger generation to learn foreign languages to change the curriculum. Here we are questioning why not language based specialty students. Because students of language based specialty are already trained to practice the effective ways of independent language learning techniques. They are flexible to use different ways of improving foreign languages. They actively use mobile applications. They know that mobile applications save money spent on tutor and books. Below top mobile applications which make learning, especially practicing interactive, interesting and effective. We are far from saying that all mentioned mobile applications are best ones. Along with the possibilities of mobile applications we can face weaknesess as well. In order to overcome them we have to keep balance between learning any foreign language online and offline learning. This way of balancing prevent students from being fully depended on mobile learning and prioritizing it.
Duolinguo with 100 million active users, this is one of the most popular education apps in the world. The application supports more than 30 languages. Duolingo has a simple interface and gamified lessons that turn the learning process into fun and game. Being absolutely user-friendly and user-oriented, the application is packed with all the necessary features and settings to be comfortable and easy to use. You can pick your first language, the level, how much time you are ready to spend learning, etcetera.
Hellotalk is for learners who can accurately reproduce all the grammatical features but can't speak fluently in real-life conversation. HelloTalk is a mobile social network with a global language and culture exchange community with more than 18 million members. Live communication and exchanging news and photos will help you put the acquired skills into practice. You can make free audio calls and instant voice messages with native speakers and practice your speaking skills
with other users. This application supports 150 and more languages.
Memrise trusted by over 42 million people in 189 countries, Memories is a great choice for beginners who want to learn and memorize new words. You will be asked to repeat the words you have already studied until you fully memorize them. This app will be the best choice for those who are not tech-savvy as it is simple to use. Supporting 20 languages, the application is a fun vocabulary practice whenever you have a minute to learn a new word. The fun part of the application is memes and gamification. The platform creates learning courses through funny and bizarre associations for studying new words. Memories promises a 100% result for learning and memorizing each word through repetition and push notifications.
Busuu helps you learn on the current level of your language learning and pick up a native speaker as a mentor. It has a user-friendly, modern interface with more than 1,000 lessons created by experienced language experts.
The learning application will take you through language learning from single words to expressions and dialogues organized in topical themes. The best thing about the app is the engagement of native speakers in a personal learning process.
With push notifications, the app will remind you of the words you have the most difficulty remembering. It also offers an option to track your progress. Busuu's selection of languages is less than the rest: 12 languages at different levels. Busuu Premium learners have access to McGraw-Hill Education certificates.
Babbel supports 14 languages with short courses for beginners and intermediate-level students. It will take only 10 minutes to complete each lesson, so you can easily get new knowledge on your way home, in the queue, or during a break. Babbel uses interactive dialogs and a speech recognition system presented in an engaging and minimalistic interface, making the process more enjoyable. It has more than 60,000 language lessons.
Pros of mobile applications are: students can use any time; stop and repeat as much as possible; native pronunciation; interactive ac-
tivities; short lessons; include all experience level; help from native speakers; offline courses; integrated translation options.
Cons of mobile applications are: the translation is slightly off; students need good mobile phones; subscription is required for some of them; limited access; options of monthly paid service; data access request.
It is wrong to say that the future of our native language is out of danger by increasing the number of hours of foreign languages. From this problem in teaching a foreign language, it is necessary to make it a tradition for the teacher to motivate each student writing a multilingual dictionary, to develop communicative competence skills. Using multilingual dictionary helps students memorize any new word in four languages. As well, develop a habit fixing on dictionary all unknown words immediately. One more advantage of it is improving visual memory while writing words in columns. In the result of complex dictionary, each student keep balance between languages, at the same time they do not ignore native language. To start with steps based on the development of individual skills in both foreign and native languages, as well as the level of knowledge of native and foreign languages, which allows you to adequately determine their speech behavior in the changing environment of intercultural communication is recommended by the author. In conclusion, we would like to say that nowadays youth are more motivated to learn languages to previous generations. Because they see benefits of language exchange society. Where everyone, who knows foreign languages is able to rich goals. English makes link between all foreign languages. More precisely, if learners know English they can communicate with representatives of all
culture of the world. Nowadays, books, TVshows, films, music are published and produced in English. By understanding, English learner will not need to rely on translations and subtitles anymore. The access of these media, support continuously improve English listening and reading skills. English is currently the language of the internet. According to the Educational Testing Service an estimated of 565 million people use internet every day and about, 52% of the world's most visited websites are displayed in English. Whether it is for fun or for work, if learners understand English, they will be able to exchange information with more people online and use many more materials.
English is spoken as a first language in 53 countries and as a second language in over 118 countries, learning the language makes it much easier to travel anywhere.
Actually, airport announcements, train timetables, emergency information and street signs are often available in English, including in countries where the native language uses a different type of alphabet. It is guaranteed to find someone who understands at least some English, during travelling to a country where learner does not speak the language.
Learning English is not only beneficial, but also produces plenty of satisfaction and pleasure, which make them feel great. If learners are sufficiently confident, they may evaluate their English language proficiency by passing standardized International tests. These tests directly lead learners to the world of improvement. The world where they can meet their expectations for language learning. In some cases, expectation and reality do not match. In such unexpected situations, learners need to be flexible. Flexibility helps to be focused on reality than expectations.
Table 1. Sample of a personal multilingual dictionary
English Spanish Russian Kyrgyz
Good morning! Buenos dias! Доброе утро! Кутман тан!
What time is it? Que hora es? Время сколько? Саат канча болду?
What is your name? Como te llamas? Как тебя зовут? Атын ким?
Nice to meet you! Encantada! Рад знакомству! Таанышканымдан кубанычтамын!
Thank you very much! Muchas gracias! Спасибо большое! Чон рахмат!
Tourism Turismo Туризм Туризм
Law Ley Право Укук
Business Negocio Бизнес Бизнес
References
1. Crystal, D. (2000). Language death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2. Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Steger, M.B. (2003). Globalization: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Садохин А.П. Введение в теорию межкультурной коммуникации: учебное пособие. -М. КНОРУС, 2014. - 254 с.
5. Brown, D. (2014). "Language, Culture and Identity" in Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, (6th Ed). Pearson.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ СТУДЕНТАМ ВУЗОВ
В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ
Н.Т. Эргешова, cтарший преподаватель С.С. Ыдырысова, преподаватель К.Б. Адапбаев, ^арший преподаватель С.Р. Абдыкадырова, научный сотрудник Ошский государственный университет (Кыргызстан, г. Ош)
Аннотация. В статье подчеркивается необходимость выявления причин и решения проблем, возникающих при обучении студентов иностранным языкам в вузе в условиях глобализации. Все мы знаем, что глобализация является основным доминирующим фактором в современном обществе. Рост знаний характеризуется стремлением общества к универсальной вселенной без границ. Таким образом, в сфере высшего образования глобализация является объективной реальностью, которая требует универсального персонала профессионалов и универсализации содержания образования, реформирования его содержания, форм и методов.
Ключевые слова: глобализация, иностранный язык, универсальный кадр, объективная реальность, мобильные приложения.
