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Актуальные проблемы авиации и космонавтики - 2016. Том 2
УДК 316.734=811.111
ПРОБЛЕМА ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ КУЛЬТУР
А. А. Адаменко, Е. В. Глухова Научный руководитель - О. И. Суслова Руководитель по иностранному языку - О. И. Суслова
Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика М. Ф. Решетнева
Российская Федерация, 660037, г. Красноярск, просп. им. газ. «Красноярский рабочий», 31
Обозначены основные аспекты проблемы взаимодействия культур, создание единого информационного пространства в процессе глобализации. Затрагивается вопрос о конфронтации культур и, как следствие, возможных конфликтов. Сделан вывод о том, что необходимо предпринять, чтобы преодолеть данную проблему, также необходимо выстроить диалог, который выступал и применялся бы в качестве способа «цивилизованного сосуществования» культур, искусств и различных школ гуманитарного взаимопонимания и взаимодействия различных народов, сообществ и культур.
Ключевые слова: взаимодействие культур, процесс глобализации, культурная диффузия, информационное пространство, межкультурная коммуникация.
PROBLEM OF INTERACTION OF CULTURES
A. A. Adamenko, E. V. Glukhova Scientific Supervisor - O. I. Suslova Foreign Language Supervisor - O. I. Suslova
Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University 31, Krasnoyarsky Rabochy Av., Krasnoyarsk, 660037, Russian Federation
The article outlines the main aspects of the problem of interaction of cultures, the creation of a unified information space in the process of globalization. Addresses the issue of the confrontation of cultures and, as a consequence, potential conflicts. It is concluded that it is necessary to take to overcome this problem, it is also necessary to build a dialogue, which advocated and applied as a way of "civilized coexistence " of cultures, arts and different schools of humanitarian understanding and interaction between different peoples, communities and cultures.
Keywords: the interaction of cultures, globalization, cultural diffusion, information space, cross-cultural communication.
At this stage of development, the culturology admits the fact of existence of a set of various cultures which are subdivided according to their features. It becomes more and more obvious that the mankind develops by interaction and interdependence of the countries, cultures and traditions. This process captured various segments of public life of people worldwide. Today, it is almost impossible to find the country or the people which didn't suffer influence of other culture and customs. Expansion of culture interaction made a question of uniqueness and cultural distinctions especially actual. In this context it is necessary to pay more accurate attention to the merger of cultures, but at the same time to keep integrity and shape of separately taken traditions.
Huge value in interaction of cultures is played by structure of the relations, that is the substantial directions and concrete forms of a mutual exchange through which it is carried out. One of the oldest and common forms of interaction is the exchange of technologies, experts and professionals of certain areas. Under the influence of culture interaction there are very peculiar changes in the language, art or religious life of society. Also it is worth paying attention to the special level of interaction of cultures as concrete that is whether communication is carried out at the level of state or the professional and corporate relations, public organizations or through ordinary, everyday life of wide groups of the population.
Change of dynamics of cultural interactions is connected with the formation of the global infrastructures contributing to penetration through national borders, development of the industry of the
Секция «Актуальные на учные проблемы в мире (глазами молодьш исследователей)»
cultures, changing cultural flows and appearing of multinational corporations for production and distribution of cultural goods and services. Mass media and tourism become the key sectors providing density of cultural ties.
Forms and the principles of interaction of cultures are also distinguished. In historical practice such ways of interaction as peace, voluntary are known (in this case the the aim is unilateral benefit in the course of interaction). International relations act as a special, historically developed political form of cross-cultural contacts regulation of the different countries in the course of which the special institutions and associations carrying out more purposeful and wide policy of interaction including the sphere of cultural activity can be developed (for example, in the UN such aims are pursued by activity of UNESCO)
The problem of interaction of cultures gets acuity as this process causes desire of cultural self-affirmation and preservation of cultural values in the majority of the countries, and process of globalization is considered more and more hostilely. Now experts are inclined to the opinion that development of globalization processes is connected with an intensification of the cross-cultural communications covering the whole world and turning it into uniform communicative space.
In this regard it is also necessary to say about confrontation of cultures. So, according to the modern American researcher S. Huntington, the mankind enters a new era - the era of "clash of civilizations". He differentiates eight large cultural world - civilizations: Western, Confucian, Japanese, Islamic, Hindu, orthodox - Slavic, Latin American and African. From their interaction, S. Huntington considers, the mankind history course will depend in the near future. Also many researchers note that cultural distinctions will become the main source of the conflicts on the world scene of cultures, but not as it was considered to be earlier, economy and ideology. Cultural and religious identification will influence more significantly on the life of people. Hantigton notes that cultural distinctions don't disappear, they remain unchanged and even go deep. In some civilizations there is a process of "devesternization" - deprivation of influence of the West and return to the cultural sources.
Above-mentioned processes found the place to be also in Russia. Many of the carried - out reforms led to changes in some public spheres of life and in the whole cultural image of the country. If to track all the tendency, it is possible to notice that over the past few years there appeared new public groups such as: businessmen, bankers, political leaders, Russian staff of foreign firms, etc. There is a formation of absolutely new type of business culture, idea of social responsibility to the client changes, the role of business interaction completely changes. This process is quite difficult and faces both political problems within the country, and incompetence of some sectors of society. It is possible to overcome this problem by means of creation of effective system of communication between various public groups and the government. And, this system has to have a support that is provide reliable information which will be possible to have equal access to. It is also necessary to adjust a network of direct communication and to achieve collective adoption of various decisions. It should be noted that as practice shows, the success in any kind of the international activity depends on the success of training the Russian representatives in area of cross-cultural communication.
Thus, in the conditions of globalization the problem of culture interaction is actual. It is connected not only with integration of cultures, but also with creation of unified information and communication space. To achieve clearer understanding it is necessary to consider harmony of various cultures, their uniqueness and traditions, then convergence will not only help to enrich political and cultural development, but also create a sustainable socio-cultural unit.
References
1. Myhamedganova N. M. Megkyltyrnye kommynikacii v ysloviah globalizacii (Mukhamedzhanova N. M. Intercultural communication in the context of globalization) // Vestnik of OSU. 2010. No. 7. P. 67-72.
2. Silvio Waisbord (2014) Journal of Communication, e-mail to NIACE Lifelong Learning Mailing List available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcom.2013.63.issue-1/issuetoc.htm, 13 Mar. [15 Mar 2016].
3. Kylturologiheckii gyrnal (Cultural magazine), e-mail to NIACE Lifelong Learning Mailing List available at: http://cr-journal.ru/files/file/04_2012_11_35_44_1334302544.pdf, 13 Mar. [15 Mar 2016].
4. Christopher Kelty. Introduction: Culture in, Culture Out, e-mail to NIACE Lifelong Learning Mailing List available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20638697.htm, 14 Mar [15 Mar 2016].
© AgaMeHKO A. A., TnyxoBa E. B., 2016
