Priority directions and practices in improving cooperation in public authorities with internati onal organizations Текст научной статьи по специальности «Экономика и бизнес»

UDK 35.077

Khomaiko Kseniia Oleksandrivna,

postgraduate student of the Department of Management and Administration, O. M. Be-ketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, 61002, Kharkiv, Str. Marshala Bazhanova, 17, tel.: (098) 222 68 27, e-mail: kseniiakhomaiko@gmail.com

ORCID: 0000-0002-3203-6185

Хомайко Ксетя ÜMeKcaHdpieHa,

астрант кафедри менеджменту i адм-i-тстрування, Хартвський национальный утверситет мкького господарства iменi О. М. Бекетова, 61002, Хaркiв, вул. Маршала Бажанова, 17, тел.: (098) 222 68 27, e-mail: kseniiakhomaiko@gmail.com

ORCID: 0000-0002-3203-6185 Хомайко Ксения Александровна, аспирант кафедры менеджмента и администрирования, Харьковский национальный университет городского хозяйства имени А. Н. Бекетова, 61002, Харьков, ул. Маршала Бажанова, 17, тел.: (098) 222 68 27, e-mail: kseniiakhomaiko@gmail.com

ORCID: 0000-0002-3203-6185 DOI: 10.32689/2617-2224-2018-15-5-267-275

PRiORiTY DiRECTiONS AND PRACTiCES iN iMPROViNG COOPERATiON iN PUBLiC AUTHORiTiES WiTH iNTERNATiONAL ORGANiZATiONS

Abstract. The article considers the priority directions and practices for improving the cooperation of the authorities with international organizations. General theoretical positions and scientific approaches concerning interaction with international organizations are considered. The main tasks of development of international relations for the Ukrainian state are outlined. The existing experience of cooperation of state authorities of all levels with international organizations has been analyzed. The study noted that the establishment of effective relations between the state and the public sector leads to the involvement of the population in the process of creation and development of civil society, participation of the population in the development and implementation of social and social initiatives, building closer contacts and principles of feedback between authority's power and population. It is determined that only consolidated efforts of all states on the basis of partnership are able to lead to effective interaction between public authorities. During the comprehensive study, the main tasks of the development

of international relations for the Ukrainian state are outlined. The existing experience of cooperation of state authorities of all levels with international organizations has been analyzed. Strategic vectors of cooperation are formulated in the context of the development of the decentralization process to achieve the leading positions of the state in terms of socio-economic development, innovation renewal, solving key social problems, improving the quality of life of the population by activating the internal potential of the regional economy.

Recommendations aimed at the development of effective interaction on the basis of partnership are developed. It is noted that the establishment of efficiently working relations between the state and the public sector leads to the involvement of the population in the process of creating and developing a civil society, participation of the population in the development and implementation of social and social initiatives, building closer contacts and principles of feedback between authorities and the population. It is determined that only consolidated efforts of all states on the basis of partnership are able to lead to effective interaction between public authorities.

Keywords: international organization; international; international relations; international cooperation; public authorities.

ПР1ОРИТЕТН1 НАПРЯМИ ТА ПРАКТИКИ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ СШВРОБГГНИЦТВА ОРГАН1В ПУБЛ1ЧНО1 ВЛАДИ З М1ЖНАРОДНИМИ ОРГАН1ЗАЦ1ЯМИ

Анотащя. Розглядаються прюритетш напрями та практики покращення сшвробгтництва оргашв влади з мiжнародними оргашзащями. Проаналiзо-вано основш тенденци розвитку ствроб^ництва на базi юнуючих наукових розробок та сформульовано гшотезу щодо дано! дiяльностi, яка перебувае в ру^ розробки ефективного та конструктивного ствроб^ництва. Роз-глянуто загальнотеоретичш положення та науковi шдходи щодо взаемо-дп з мiжнародними оргашзащями. Визначено, що залишаються проблеми, пов'язаш з питаннями сшвробгтництва мiжнародних органiзацiй та оргашв публiчноl влади як на световому рiвнi, так i на державному. Шд час комплексного дослщження окреслено основнi завдання розвитку мiжнародних зв'язкiв для украшсько! держави. Проаналiзовано iснуючий досвiд сшв-пращ органiв державно! влади всiх рiвнiв з мiжнародними органiзацiями. Сформульовано стратепчш вектори спiвробiтництва в умовах розвитку процесу децентра^заци для досягнення державою лiдируючих позицiй з точки зору соцiально-економiчного розвитку, iнновацiйного оновлення, виршення ключових соцiальних завдань, пiдвищення якосп життя насе-лення шляхом активiзацil внутрiшнього потенцiалу регюнально! еконо-мши.

Розроблено рекомендаций що спрямованi на розвиток ефективно! взае-модп на засадах партнерства. Зазначено, що створення ефективно працю-ючих вiдносин мiж державою та громадським сектором долучае населення до процесу створення та розвитку громадянського сусшльства, його участ

в розробщ та реа^заци громадських i соцiальних iнiцiатив, вибудовування бiльш тюних контактiв i принципiв зворотного зв'язку мiж органами влади i населенням. Наголошено, що тiльки консолiдованi зусилля вах держав на засадах партнерства спроможш забезпечити ефективну взаeмодiю оргашв влади з громадсьистю.

Ключовi слова: мiжнародна органiзацiя; мiжнародна; мiжнароднi вщно-сини; мiжнародне спiвробiтництво; органи публiчноl влади.

ПРИОРИТЕТНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ПРАКТИКИ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА ОРГАНОВ

ПУБЛИЧНОЙ ВЛАСТИ С МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯМИ

Аннотация. Рассматриваются приоритетные направления и практики улучшения сотрудничества органов власти с международными организациями. Проанализированы основные тенденции развития сотрудничества на базе существующих научных разработок и сформулирована гипотеза о данной деятельности, которая находится в русле разработки эффективного и конструктивного сотрудничества. Рассмотрены общетеоретические положения и научные подходы по взаимодействию с международными организациями. Определено, что остаются проблемы, связанные с вопросами сотрудничества международных организаций и органов публичной власти, как на мировом уровне, так и на государственном. Во время комплексного исследования определены основные задачи развития международных связей для украинского государства. Проанализирован существующий опыт сотрудничества органов государственной власти всех уровней с международными организациями. Сформулированы стратегические векторы сотрудничества в условиях развития процесса децентрализации для достижения государством лидирующих позиций с точки зрения социально-экономического развития, инновационного обновления, решения ключевых социальных задач, повышение качества жизни населения путем активизации внутреннего потенциала региональной экономики.

Разработаны рекомендации, направленные на развитие эффективного взаимодействия на принципах партнерства. Отмечено, что создание эффективно работающих отношений между государством и общественным сектором привлекает население к процессу создания и развития гражданского общества, участия населения в разработке и реализации общественных и социальных инициатив, выстраивание более тесных контактов и принципов обратной связи между органами власти и населения. Определено, что только консолидированные усилия всех государств на принципах партнерства в состоянии привести к эффективному взаимодействию органов власти с общественностью.

Ключевые слова: международная организация; международная; международные отношения; международное сотрудничество; органы публичной власти.

Target setting. At the present stage, during the period of rapid development of scientific and technological progress, it is impossible for states to co-exist without interaction between themselves, which is carried out through economic and political relations. Today, it is the international organizations are the key to solving of the urgent global problems.

The formation of an effective relationship between public authorities and international organizations directly depends on the activities of international associations and the organization for build of political system of Ukraine, to change of the model of public administration. International organizations are permanent unions of intergovernmental and non-governmental nature, created on the basis of an international agreement to assistance the resolution of international problems.

The relations of cooperation include bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, the conclusion of various types of unions and agreements that envisage the mutual coordination of political tacks, common practical ties with the objectives of joint regulation of conflicts, the provision of general security or the solution of other issues of common interest to all participating countries.

Today, for the improvement of cooperation of public authorities from international organizations, it is a need for the development of effective algorithms and constructive directions for the protection of that coordination of conflicts of interests of the population, which directly contribute to minimizing socio-economic and political risks.

Analysis of recent research and publications. The modern system of

international relations has a large variety of bilateral, multilateral and cross-border interactions between sovereign states, regions, territories, global and regional international intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations and associations. These relations cover all significant spheres of life and activities, interwoven in political, economic, military, social, cultural, scientific, technical and other official and informal links between them.

In our research we paid attention to Ukrainian scientists, namely: O. Bak-honskyi [1], A. Dmytriiev [2], D. Kule-ba [3], M. Kucheriava [4], O. Novakova [5], I. Soliar [6], A. Tunian [7].

Analyzing trends in the development of cooperation between public authorities and international organizations in modern conditions, the researchers conclude that this activity is now in line with the development of effective and constructive cooperation. However, there are still problems related to the issues of cooperation between international organizations and public authorities at both the global level and in Ukraine.

The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive study of the interactions of public authorities from international organizations, the creation of strategic directions for the development of ways to improve international cooperation, the development of proposals and recommendations aimed at developing effective cooperation on a partnership basis in order to meet the public interest of Ukrainians and public initiative of that self-organization.

The statement of basic materials. The current development of an independent democratic country is impos-

sible without mutual exchange and enrichment with ideas, methodology, and concrete developments between countries around the world. Today, the task of improving relations between the countries is solved by developing effective international contact persons that can be applied in accordance with the law on combating corruption in accordance with the law on the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms, except for cases when they are in prison.

Increasing the role of international organizations creates certain guarantees for states in solving various conflicts. The existence and creation of international organizations reveals the broader possibilities of convergence of all mankind, and also promotes the fastest development of civilization.

In the process of functioning of the international organization, the coordination of the activities of the states acquires a different character, since it uses a special, permanent and adapted for consideration and agreed mechanism of decision of issues.

The functioning of an international organization is reduced not only to relations between states, but also between the organization and the states. These relations characterize the voluntary execution by the state of certain restrictions and decisions of the international organization. The specificity of such relations is that they depend on coordination relations, that is, if coordination of activities of states within an international organization does not lead to a certain result, then these relations do not arise. They arise in connection with the achievement of a result through the operation of an international organization. States agree to subordinate the or-

ganization to the awareness of the need to respect the interests of other states and the international community as a whole, in order to preserve a certain order in international relations.

The main tasks of developing international relations for the Ukrainian state are as follows:

- attraction of foreign investments into the economy and increase of investment attractiveness of the region;

- assistance in attracting new technologies, scientific developments, promotion of international scientific cooperation;

development of international tourism and promotion of tourism products created in Ukraine to foreign markets;

- activization of activities aimed at supporting compatriots abroad, development of educational, cultural and scientific relations with compatriots living abroad;

- development of international cooperation in the field of culture, youth policy, physical culture and sports;

- formation of a positive image of the state as a region with favorable conditions for living, organization of rest, doing business and investing.

"Recognizing the role of civil society, developed countries and international organizations of countries systematically involve citizens and their associations in solving problems in all spheres of human activity. Thus, in Germany, the involvement of civic organizations enables, firstly, to save 30-37 % of the cost of such services for the state, and secondly, to raise the quality of political and public-law decisions. Civil society institutes account for 3-9 % of developed countries' GDP (5 % in Belgium,

7,9 % in Canada). In the public sector of the European Union countries, there are 4,4 to 14 % of the able-bodied population. In Central and Eastern European countries, public organizations attract three times more domestic and foreign investment in the social sphere than state and municipal social-security institutions. 60 % of civil society representatives, including volunteers engaged in service delivery, of which 40 % focus on social, medical and educational services" [8].

"Taking into account the increasing role of civil society in various spheres of activity of public authorities and local self-government bodies, in particular with regard to implementation of reforms, in support of the public initiative, as well as in order to establish effective dialogue and partnerships between public authorities, local self-government bodies and civil society organizations, first of all, on the issues of ensuring the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, guided by part two of Article 102 of the Constitution of Ukraine [9] and, respectively, on paragraph 28 of the first part of Article 106 of the Constitution of Ukraine On February 26, 2016, the President of Ukraine approved the National Strategy for Promoting the Development of Civil Society in Ukraine for 2016-2020" [10].

"The development of the new Strategy was due to changes in the main trends in the development of civil society, the growth of its role in various spheres, from advancement of reforms at the state and local levels, European integration and development of e-government to providing volunteers with the Armed Forces of Ukraine, other military formations, law enforce-

ment agencies, public authorities during the special period, carrying out an anti-terrorist operation, and assisting internally displaced persons" [11].

Proceeding from the existing experience of cooperation of state authorities of all levels with international organizations, a number of reasons can be elaborated which encourage the parties to engage in both economic and political interaction.

At the present stage, international organizations have become centers of uniting the efforts of States to develop new forms of cooperation in the economic sphere. In addition, they are the institutional basis for multilateral regulation of international economic relations, and carry out important functions aimed at ensuring the free circulation of goods, services, capital, in solving international economic disputes, in making decisions in various forms and with varying degrees of binding status for states-participants In conditions of globalization, states are forced to transfer a significant part of the powers to regulate foreign economic activity, previously carried out by the states themselves, international organizations.

For economic reasons, many international organizations (World Bank, International Monetary Fund, etc.) and Western donors believe much less the ability of national governments and market mechanisms to ensure the proper level of both social programs and civil society development projects. Another economic motive for cooperation is the fact that, along with the growing needs for social spending, there is a reduction in the share of public expenditures, which legitimately leads to the desire of state authorities to "divide the financial

burden". In addition, similar processes take place at the local level, as for local budgets, resource allocation may even be more problematic, due to a decrease in centralized public funding. Finally, the global experience of public-private partnership with non-profit making leads to the recognition that attracting international organizations to participation in national and local projects is more cost-effective and economical, and also has a lower added value, especially compared to the private sector of the economy.

At the same time, the main sociopolitical factors of the reasons for the interaction of authorities with public organizations are as follows:

- the onset of a new era (in the modern political theory of post-conflict or new-administrative) in building relations between authorities and citizens, characterized by a greater role of civil society and its participants in matters of governance of the state and the functioning of its individual institutions;

- partnerships between civil society, the private sector and the state are often perceived as the most effective methods for solving complex socio-economic problems;

- social capital (increasing the will and ability of citizens to participate in the socio-political life of the country and the state) becomes a prerequisite and ancillary element for supporting economic growth and development of the country;

- the main motivation of the public sector is the public benefit, not profit;

- the process of comprehensive and pluralistic decision-making is recognized as a necessary tool for achieving

vital social agreements in the process of discussing and implementing political reforms.

Conclusion. According to the results of the research carried out today, the cooperation of public authorities with international organizations is the most urgent and most important area of activity for addressing the pressing problems of the public sector.

It is sensible that the realization of internationally accepted solutions is impossible without a deep awareness of the full responsibility for their implementation on the part of all signatory states, all subjects of political, legal, economic and other types of governance within the structure of these states, which is why special significance in the development of active forms of work on the solution of topical issues is given to international organizations, the system of interstate agreements and agreements.

Taking into account the world experience and the analysis, it should be noted that the creation of clear, well-written, transparent, efficiently working relations between the state and the public sector leads to:

- involvement of the population in the process of creation and development of civil society;

- participation of the population in the development and implementation of public and social initiatives;

- building closer contacts and principles of feedback between authorities and the public.

Therefore, during the analysis, the general theoretical positions and scientific approaches to interaction with international organizations are considered, and it is determined that only

consolidated efforts of all states on the basis of partnership will be able to lead to effective interaction between public authorities.

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