CC BY
30
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SOLAR ENERGY APPLICATIONS FOR REFRIGERATED TRUCKS Tursunov О.А.1, Holikov N.2, Vohobov R.3 Email: [email protected]
1Tursunov Oybek Abduhalim ugli - Assistant; 2Holikov Nasobidin - Student; 3Vohobov Rustam - Assistant, AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ANDIJAN MACHINE-BUILDING INSTITUTE, ANDIJAN, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: most perishable food products are transported with refrigerated trucks. It requires additional energy costs due to the running the refrigeration system. In Uzbekistan, there are more than 300 sunny days and using solar energy to refrigerate the isothermal trucks' board. The feasibility study was carried out on using solar energy in the refrigeration system of isothermal trucks. In this article, the technical and economical properties of transport applications of solar energy were analyzed. Some results and the design of proposed additional parts were given. Keywords: solar energy, refrigeration, isothermal trucks.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СОЛНЕЧНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ДЛЯ ХОЛОДИЛЬНЫХ
ГРУЗОВИКОВ
1 2 3
Турсунов О.А. , Холиков Н. , Вохобов Р.
1Турсунов Ойбек Абдухалим угли - ассистент; 2Холиков Насобидин - студент; 3Вохобов Рустам - ассистент, кафедра автомобилестроения, Андижанский машиностроительный институт, г. Андижан, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: большинство скоропортящихся пищевых продуктов перевозятся на рефрижераторах. Это требует дополнительных затрат энергии из-за работы системы охлаждения. В Узбекистане более 300 солнечных дней и солнечная энергия используется для охлаждения изотермических бортов грузовых автомобилей. Было осуществлено технико-экономическое обоснование использования солнечной энергии в холодильной системе изотермических грузовиков. В этой статье были проанализированы технические и экономические свойства транспортных применений солнечной энергии. Некоторые результаты и дизайн предлагаемых дополнительных частей были даны.
Ключевые слова: солнечная энергия, охлаждение, изотермические грузовики.
UDC 629.3
As known, Uzbekistan has high potential and excellent quality in production of agricultural products. Therefore, by the end of 2017, the share of agriculture in annual exports will be 6.3% [5]. Nevertheless, the export of food and agricultural products is rising slowly than its potential. Since most of agricultural products that are exported are perishable, they need cooling when transporting. This, in turn, will increase the cost of transportation and eventually increase the cost of production.
The aim of the study is to reduce a cost of transportation of perishable products by using solar energy in the refrigeration system.
As known, the low temperature retention in the Refrigerators can be achieved by using a compressor cooling device that can drive a car engine or an autonomous engine [2].
There are two type of refrigerating units: independent refrigeration units and non-independent refrigeration units. Independent refrigeration units are run by an additional engine or electric motor. Non-independent refrigeration units are run by the engine of a car. Herein a brief comparison of both units:
Independent refrigeration unit
Advantages: The advantages of the independent refrigeration unit are stable and reliable, which is also the most needed for refrigerated trucks. Since the independent refrigeration unit has a separate source of power output, the refrigerator can still operate when the refrigerated vehicle is turned off or the engine fails in the refrigerated vehicle, thereby ensuring that the goods in the refrigerated compartment are not deteriorated [6].
Disadvantages: The disadvantages of independent refrigeration units are that they are expensive and the maintenance is more complicated than that of non-independent refrigeration units. Since an additional power system is more complex in terms of maintenance and maintenance, the independent refrigeration unit is more complex than the non-independent refrigeration unit, and the independent refrigeration unit is relatively more technically complicated and more expensive [6].
Non-independent refrigeration unit
Advantages: The advantages of non-independent refrigeration units are that they are inexpensive, simple in structure and easy to maintain and maintain [6].
Disadvantages: The disadvantage of the non-independent refrigeration unit is that it relies too much on the power source of the refrigerated truck. When the refrigerated truck engine stops working, the non-independent refrigeration unit loses power support, the refrigeration system stops working, and if the car door is turned off, the door will be opened frequently. The temperature inside the car is increased due to the large loss of cold air in the car body, or the refrigerator will stop cooling when the car fails (engine failure), and the cargo in the car is easily damaged [6].
As the research subject, the Isuzu NQR 71 PL refrigerator truck manufactured in Uzbekistan was selected. The car's carrying capacity is 3000 kg and body temperature is between 0 ° C and -15 ° C [4]. At full load, the car consumes 13kg of diesel fuel per 100 km in the absence of a refrigerator. When running a refrigerator, the car consumes 15 kg of diesel per 100 km [3].
In the proposed design, a refined refrigerator will be equipped with 10.3 m2 thin elastic solar panels on the roof, the spare battery will be stored and the refrigerator unit will be used to reduce the fuel consumption. 16 elastic solar panels with a capacity of 100 W and a weight of 1.35 kg with each size 1134x544x3 mm are used. As an energy storage capacity of 600 A / h, 24V Li-ion batteries are selected and placed in the lower part of the body on board (Fig. 1).
a) b)
Fig. 1. Selected battery (a) and location (b)
The existing refrigerator system oft he car is equipped with a motor-driven compressor that requires an additional electric motor to operate it with electricity. Depending on the maximum power required for the compressor voltage an electromotor was selected with characteristic: 24 V; 4000W; 3000 rpm. A electromotor is connected to the compressor via a belt and electromagnetic pulley. At the same time, the compressor should be able to drive from the car engine when the battery is low enough. In order to do this, an additional simple pulley is mounted on the existing electromagnetic pulley of the compressor, and is connected to the electromagnetic pulley of the electromotor via the belt (Fig. 2). The wires connecting the electromagnetic pulley are connected to the circuit that when the battery does not have enough energy, it will disconnect the electromotor and the electromagnetic pulley from the source. And the electromagnetic pulley of the compressor is activated and it will be driven by a car engine.
a) b)
Fig. 2. A simple pulley additionally mounted to the existing electromagnetic pulley of the compressor (a), electromagnetic pulley mounted on the electromotor (b)
The selected electromotor is mounted near the engine's frame with an additional designed base (Figure 2 b).
The conclusion is that, according to the theoretical calculations, this system will be able to operate the refrigerator independently 4 hours when the buttery is fully charged or 8-10 hours when operated by regimes. This will certainly have a positive impact on fuel consumption.
References / Список литературы
1. Tursunov О. Solar Assisted Refrigeration System for Transport Applications. Master thesis. AndMI, 2017.
2. Нolikov N. Using a Modern Hybrid Compressors in Isothermal Trucks. Bachelor thesis. AndMI, 2018.
3. KarimovВ. Design of an Electrically Driven Refrigeration System with Solar Energy. Bachelor thesis. AndMI, 2018.
4. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://samauto.uz/transport/item/7/ (date of access: 04.06.2020).
5. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://mft.uz/uz/menu/eksport-statistikasi/ (date of access: 04.06.2020).
6. [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://www.reefer-van.com/info/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-independent-re-38258012.html/ (date of access: 04.06.2020).
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕОТЕРМАЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ Сафронова А.Ю. Email: [email protected]
Сафронова Алёна Юрьевна - бакалавр, кафедра теплогазоснабжения и вентиляции, Санкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет,
г. Санкт-Петербург
Аннотация: в статье анализируются работа современных источников нетрадиционной и возобновляемой энергии, применяемые по всему миру. Использование геотермальной энергии приобретает большое перспективное значение в регионах, где располагаются большие пласты пароводяных ресурсов высокой температуры, такими источниками могут стать подножья действующих и потухших вулканов, природные гейзерные долины. Настоящая работа посвящена ознакомлению с существующими ресурсами в этой области на территории Российской Федерации.
Ключевые слова: энергия, пароводяная смесь, геотермальные источники, анализ.
USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Safronova A.Yu.
Safronova Alena Yuryevna - Bachelor, DEPARTMENT HEAT AND GAS SUPPLIES AND VENTILATIONS, SEINT PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSIRY OF ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING,
ST. PETERSBURG
Abstract: the article analyzes the work of modern sources of alternative and renewable energy, used around the world. The use of geothermal energy is gaining great promise in regions where large layers of high-temperature steam and water resources are located, such sources may be the foot of active and extinct volcanoes, natural geyser valleys. This work is devoted to familiarization with existing resources in this area on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Keywords: energy, steam-water mixture, geothermal sources, analysis.
УДК 550.367
Геотермальная энергия основана на использовании колоссальных запасов тепловой энергии недр Земли. Ее направленность сконцентрирована на добыче пароводяной смеси с последующим ее преобразованием в тепловую, для нужд отопления жилых и производственных объектов, а также в электрическую энергию.
Один из главных плюсов использования геотермальной энергии является ее неисчерпаемость.
В соответствии с последними данными, согласно которым энергетические запасы геотермальной энергии на территории Российской Федерации многократно превосходят запасы органического топлива (до 10-15 раз). По подсчетам наша страна
