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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-16-11.12-90-92
Ermatov Nizom Jumakulovich, Tashkent medical academy, Hygiene of the children, teenagers and nutrition Tashkent medical academy Doctor of medical sciences Toshmatova Guzal Adilhоdjaevna Assistant of the department E-mail: evovision@bk.ru
Prevalence of mastopathies among women of Tashkent City
Abstract: On average, % women appealing to the clinic with benign breast diseases havemastopathies which has a tendency to progress in the last five years. Out of the total incidence of women with mastopathy has a leading place in: diseases of the genitourinary system, endocrine disorders of nutritional and metabolic systems, diseases of the digestive organs, blood and blood-forming organs, respiratory organs.
Keywords: mastopathy, the overall incidence of women with mastopathy, disease structure.
Mastopathy is the most common benign breast pathology. Currently mastopathy affects about 20% of women over 20 years of age and 40% of women older than 40 years. Mastopathy often develops on the background of chronic inflammatory processes in the genital organs, dysfunction of the ovaries, thyroid disorders, functional disorders of the nervous system [1; 2; 6], so treatment and prevention efforts must begin with eliminating the causative factor.
Objective: aim of the research is to assess the prevalence of mastopathies and assessment of the overall morbidity of women suffering from mastopathy.
Research materials and methods: Negotiability of women about breast pathology and the prevalence of mastitis in the dynamics in the last five years (2011-2015 years) were studied leaning on statistical records of the city Oncology Center in Tashkent. To assess the overall morbidity of women with mastopathy analyzed
Table 1. - Appeals of women about pathologies of
the results of medical examinations made in the medical records of women. In order to identify suspected risk factors for mastitis conducted a survey of women. Taken results processed by the method of variation statistics.
Research results and discussion: Results of the study negotiability of women in the city Oncology Center about breast pathology indicate that appealing of women to oncology clinic isincreasing annually (Table 1). But here negotiability of women about benign breast pathologies does notchange in dynamics, but the appealing about mastitis, especially fibrocystic tends to rise.
We drew attention to the negotiability of women for breast cancer. This rate ranged from 3.8 to 4.8% of all those who applied to the city Oncology Center. The survey interviews of these women showed that 67.1% of them had suffered a mastopathy.
breast in the city oncology center (2011-2015 years)
Appealability and its reasons Study year
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Overall appeals abc. 9190 9754 10650 11781 13191
- primary% 78,4 63,4 67,7 56,9 62,2
- iterative% 21,6 36,4 32,3 43,1 37,8
About benign diseases of breast pathologies in percentage from general number of appeals 58,6 60,2 58,0 58,0 58,4
- out of them about mastopathies% 60,6 63,9 64,8 76,4 88,0
- fibrous-cyctousma stopathies 26,8 28,0 32,4 32,5 37,9
Next, we studied casualties of mastopathy of women, depending on age. In most cases the disease (27.18%) was observed at 40-49 ages. Next place ranking occupied the age of 30-39 years
(23.9%), the lowest proportion of mastitis was recorded at the age of 60 years and older (14.12%).
Prevalence of mastopathies among women of Tashkent City
Therefore, mastopathy occurs more in women in the most active working age (30-49 years). In our opinion, this may be due to theirmore passive reproductive function during employment: decreasing ofbirthrate and limiting or even cessation ofbreastfeeding.
Certain regularity we also found in the study of women's diseases seasonality of mastopathy (Figure 2).
Thus, the largest number of complaints about mastitis in the studied years (2011-2015 years) were in March (45.4), April (53.2), September (41.3), October (50.0) and November (44, 0), while the average number of diseases registered during the
year-39.0. Consequently, the incidence of mastopathy in women living in Tashkent has certain seasonality. Most often the disease recorded in the spring and autumn periods of the year, with the peak incidence occurs in April (53.2) and October (50.0). Certain seasons of mastopathy incidence appears to be related to climate change, a change in weather conditions, the reactivity of the body of women and their way of life in different periods of the year. Thus, planning preventive measures for primary and secondary prevention should take into account the seasonality of disease mastopathy.
Figure 1. Seasonality of
The increasingof incidence of breast pathology particularly mastopathy cannot not reflect on the general state of women's health, their quality of life.
The method of random sampling among women coming for the mastitis we studied their overall morbidity in dynamics for five years. The sample was 20% of the number of applicants in Oncology clinic that were representative in relation to the general population and made it possible to obtain accurate, reliable results about the overall incidence of women in classes of disease age and years in the dynamics.
mastopathy diseases.
The study showed that the level of overall morbidity women mastopathy was 1590,3%. The structure and the level of general morbidity ofwomen with mastopathy ranks first diseases of the genitourinary system (17.4% and 276,4%), the second — Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (13.8% and 219.4%), third — diseases of the digestive system (10.7% i169,7%o), the fourth disease of blood and blood-forming organs (10.2% and 162.4%), the fifth largest of the respiratory system (7.5% and 118.8%) (Figure 2). On the listed 5 classes accounted for 59.6% of all diseases ofwomen with mastopathy.
10,2
10,7
17,4
13,8
B1 genitourinary system pathologies
ES 2 endocrine system pathologies
B 3 digestive system pathologies
E4 blood and blood producing organs
Figure 3. Structure of the total incidence of women suffering from mastopathy,% of the total
Our study once again confirmed that the mastopathy is pluricausal disease, the development of which contributedby adverse environmental factors, unhealthy lifestyle, the presence of chronic inflammatory processes in the pelvis and genitals diseases [3].
2000 1500 1000 500 0
The level of general morbidity of women with mastopathy, studied for years tended to increase (Figure 4). In 2011 the overall incidence of women with mastopathy, amounted to 1327.3 cases in 2015 increased to 1806.1 cases per 1000 women that over the last five years the total incidence of women with mastopathy increased by 47.88 cases per 1000 women (P<0.01).
2011
2012
2015
2013 2014 0 East
Figure 3. The level of the overall incidence of women suffering from mastopathy
Moreover, an increase in the overall incidence of diseases associated with an increase ofpathology in urinary organs (218,2 and 333,3%), endocrine system (175,8 and 272,7%), the blood and blood-forming organs (133,3 and 169,7%), organs of digestion (151.5 and 175.8%) and other classes of disease (Table. 2).
The study of general morbidity of women, depending on age also shows an increase in its level with increasing of age. The lowest overall incidence is set at the age of 20-29 years (1381,3%), and the highest in the age of 40-49 years (1612,0%). The increase of the overall incidence of women with mastopathy was mainly due to the increase of diseases of the genitourinary system (231.3 and 41,7%). The peak incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases, neoplasms, diseases of the nervous system, ear and mastoid process, respiratory, urogenital system between the ages of 60 years and older. The highest incidence of diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, the endocrine system, the eye and its adnexa, digestive system is installed in aged 50-59 years, and the highest level of mental illness was registered in the age of40-49 years.
A special place among negative factors responsible for the occurrence of mastitis is thyroid dysfunction; the presence of nodes in the thyroid, goiter, and hypothyroidism is obvious or hidden. In addition, the mastopathy may develop in dysfunction of the liver. This disease is also common for women with a history are suffered from cholecystitis or hepatitis [4; 5].
Thus, detailed study of themastopathypathology of and overall morbidity of women with mastopathy, led to the following conclusions:
1. Morbidity of mastopathy has distinctive seasonality. Mostly mastopathy is registered in the spring and autumn seasons. The highest rate of appealing is in the April and October months. Sea-sonality should be considered while scheduling the treatment and prevention.
2. The level of general morbidity of women with mastopathies is averagely 1590,3 from 1000 cases of women. The lowest level of the general morbidity of women is established in 20-29 years of age (1381.3%), the highest level in 60 and older years of age, 1916,7% (p< 0,01).
3. Out of the total incidence of women with mastopathy has a leading place in: diseases of the genitourinary system, endocrine disorders of nutritional and metabolic systems, diseases of the digestive organs, blood and blood-forming organs, respiratory system organs. Five classes of diseases listed above, 60% of is related to the mastopathy.
4. It is really important to pay attention to the prevention of inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs, gynecological diseases, pathologies of thyroid gland, and diseases of digestive system and formation of healthy life style clues.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ESR-16-11.12-92-95
Tuychibaeva Dilobar Miratalievna, Tashkent State Stomatology Institute, Associate Professor, PhD E-mail: dyly@mail.ru
Use of citicoline for the complex therapy of patients suffering from the primary open-angle glaucoma
Abstract: Article presents the results of the study the neuroprotective influence of Ronocit drug on the patients with POAG having normalized IOP basing on the clinic and functional data of the visual organ. Analysis of the obtained results indicated to high enough clinic efficiency of Ronocit (Citicoline) drug for the conservative treatment of patients with POAG and compensated IOP. This drug might be recommended as the background neuroprotective therapy.
Keywords: glaucoma, primary open — angle glaucoma, interoccular pressure, neuroprotective treatment.
Actuality. Every year one person of every 1000 ones of the 40-45 years old groups falls ill. Currently about 60-70 millions of patients of the world suffer from glaucoma and every ten one of them have already become blind. Depending on the stage of the glauco-matosis a part of nerve fibres of the optic nerve undergoes atrophy and the other part of them is at the parabioses state. It allows to hope that restoration of their functions is possible by the therapeutic or surgical methods of treatment [2; 6].
The essence of the neuroprotective treatment is to prevent the cascade of reactions defecting the neurons, mainly being the result
of the ischemia development. It should be pointed out that it concerns namely, the consequently developed reactions in which new and new neurons are involved in the pathologic process unless the defected tissue surrounding them becomes the source of the pathologic processes. That is why the neuroprotective treatment should be carried out within the limits of the so-called therapeutic frame (window) before the effected nerve tissue has not become irreversible [1; 4; 5].
The aim of our research work was to study the neuroprotective influence of Ronocit drug on the patients with POAG having
