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Bekjanova Olga Esenovna, Ph D., ScDTashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan the Faculty of Therapeutic stomatology E-mail: [email protected] Rizaev Elyor Alimdjonovich, Department of stomatology, pediatric stomatology and orthodontics Tashkent Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education, Uzbekistan
E-mail: [email protected]
PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OF TEETH CARIES AT THE CHILDREN SICK WITH THE HERPETIC STOMATITIS
Abstract: Studying from a condition of hygiene of an oral cavity showed that children with HS in an age group have 6 months - 3 years the size of Fedorov-Volodkina index makes 1,67±0,07 that corresponds to "satisfactory" hygiene of an oral cavity, at the same time at children without HS the condition of hygiene of an oral cavity was estimated as "good" - 1.25 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05). Children of an age group of 3 years 1 months - 6 years with HS hygiene of an oral cavity was "unsatisfactory" -the size of OHI-S index made 2.53 ± 0.09, at children without HS hygiene of an oral cavity was estimated as "satisfactory"1.62 ± 0.07 (P < 0.05).
Keywords: herpetic stomatitis, teeth caries, CSR(z) index, children with a herpetic stomatitis, Fedorov-Volodkina's index, RMA index in Parma, OHI-S - an index.
Updating of the preventive direction in medicine aggravated a problem of relationships of cause and effect between existence of the herpetic stomatitis (HS) and intensity of the basic stomatologic diseases [1, 9-12; 2, 56-58; 5, 19-20; 6, 200-210; 8, 90-91;9, 179-180].
Therefore, the studying of a stomatologic case rate of children with a herpetic stomatitis which is based on the comprehensive analysis of a condition of stomatologic health is an urgent medical-social task which solution will allow to optimize impact on a chain of development of pathological process taking into account a condition of the stomatologic status and to gain the maximum therapeutic and preventive effect [2, 758760; 3, 256-260; 7, 33-34; 10, 56-58].
However, so far comprehensive examination of children of patients with a herpetic stomatitis, according to demands of WHO, wasn't carried out at the period of living in the territory of Tashkent.
So far it isn't developed a universal algorithm of holding preventive actions taking into account an individual clinical situation in an oral cavity.
All above testifies to relevance of a problem of this subject and carrying out the real research.
Aim of the research: the comparative analysis of prevalence and intensity of teeth caries at children sick with a herpetic stomatitis.
Materials and methods. For the purpose of standardization of diagnostics of a case rate of teeth caries carious lesions during the research were revealed with use of a visual method.
Prevalence and intensity of stomatologic diseases studied at 156 children with a HS, as control indicators of a stomatologic case rate at 153 children of comparable gender and age never being ill a HS (Table 1) are studied. The compared groups were randomized also according to the social status, conditions of accommodation and a delivery for an exception of their influence on risk of developing of herpesvirus infections.
Prevalence of teeth caries was counted as the attitude of number of the persons having at least one of signs of implication of teeth caries (the carious, sealed-up or extracted teeth), towards total number surveyed, expressed as a percentage.
For assessment intensity of caries of temporary teeth was used by indexes:
CSR (z) index - the sum of the teeth affected with examined child. When determining number of the ex-not treated caries ("c" component), which are sealed up tracted teeth, only those which are removed prematurely, ("s" component) and removed ("r" component) at one before their physiological change are considered.
Table 1. - Gender - age of children of compared groups
Age groups ï c
HS, Basic group 6 mon. - 3 years 3 years 1 mon. - 6 years 6 years 1 mon.- 10 years 10 years 1 mon.- 15 years Total S * ^ 3
B G B G B G B G B G S 0
Mild degree 13 9 3 5 3 4 3 3 22 21 43
Medium severity 30 37 6 7 3 3 2 2 41 49 90
Severe degree 10 11 - 1 - 1 - - 12 11 23
Total 53 57 9 13 6 8 5 5 75 81 156
Comparison group, control 52 56 10 11 5 9 5 5 72 81 154
For second teeth counted an index of the CSR (z) -the sum carious (component "C"), the teeth which are sealed up (component "S") and extracted (component "R") at one surveyed.
The hygienic condition of an oral cavity at children up to 3 years was estimated by means of Fedorov-Volod-kina's index. For assessment of a hygienic condition of an oral cavity at children at children after 3 years used the simplified index of hygiene of an oral cavity - OHI-S -an index. For detection of severity of an ulitis the RMA index in Parma modification was used.
For definition of an indicator of prevalence of caries the number of persons at whom taped symptoms of caries was divided into total number surveyed in this group and expressed as a percentage.
Data recorded in specially developed card of stomatologic inspection where fixed date of inspection, passport data, a floor surveyed, date ofbirth and age, the place of study, the place of residence, a condition of firm tissues of teeth, tissues of a parodont, a hygienic condition of an oral cavity, existence of dentoalveolar anomalies.
Prevalence of stomatologic diseases was estimated at% of total number of patients in groups. Intensity of caries was counted by standard methods of variation statistics with determination of average arithmetic size (M), an error of average arithmetic (m) for each group. Assessment of reliability of differences (r) between groups was defined by Student's criterion (t).
Results and discussions As a result of the conducted researches high prevalence and intensity of diseases of
firm tissues of teeth at the children sick with HS (Tables 2 and 3) is established.
Surveys of an oral cavity showed that carious teeth occurred at children with HS and without HS. The tendency to augmentation of prevalence of caries of teeth in more senior age groups is noted. However children with HS had a prevalence of caries of teeth above groups of control.
So, prevalence of caries of teeth among children with a herpetic stomatitis in age - was peer 3 years to 64.55 ± ± 4.55% against prevalence of caries at children without HS an age group of 6 months - 35.19 ± 4.60% (P < 0.05); the corresponding ratios in an age group 3 years 1 months - 6 years made 91.30 ± 5.88% against 47.62 ± 10.90% (P < 0.05); children in age groups have 6 years 1 months - 10 years and 10 years 1 months - 15 years in the presence of HS100,0% prevalence of caries of teeth was registered; the corresponding prevalence of caries in groups of control made - 71.43 ± 12.07% and 80.00 ± 12.65% (Table 2).
Average intensity of caries - the CS(z) index at children with HS in an age group of 6 months - was peer 3 years 1.82 ± 0.07 against 1.23 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05) group of control. With augmentation of age of surveyed increase of intensity of a lesion by caries both temporary - the CS (z) index, and second teeth - the CS(z) index ± CSR (z) is established, at the same time in all examined groups children with HS had higher intensity of a carious lesion. So in an age group 3 years 1 months - 6 years Kn (3) ± the KPU (z) made intensity of an index at children
with HS - 4.11 ± 0.17 against 3.23 ± 0.15 (P < 0.05); 10 years 1 months - 15 years - 6.51 ± 0.24 against in an age group of 6 years 1 months - 7.16 ± 0.30 against 3.98 ± 0.11 (P < 0.05) (Table 2). 5.68 ± 0.21 (P < 0.05) and in the senior age group of
Table 2.- Comparative data of prevalence and intensity of caries in the compared groups
Age groups
Indica- 6 mon.- 3.0 years 3 years 1 mon.- 6 years 6 years 1 mon.- 10 years 10 years 1 mon.- 15 years
tors basic control basic control basic control basic control
with HS. without HP. with HS. without HP. with HS. without HP. with HS. without
n = 10 n = 8 n = 23 n = 21 n = 14 n = 14 n = 10 HP. n = 10
«c» 1.62 ± 0.07 0.92 ± 0.03* 2.71 ± 0.11 1.82 ± 0.07* 3.62 ± 0.14 2.12 ± 0.08 - -
«s» 0.22 ± 0.01 0.31 ± 0.01* 0.62 ± 0.02 1.23 ± 0.05* 1.14 ± 0.09 1.62 ± 0.05* - -
«r» - - - - - - - -
csr(z) 1.84 ± 0.07 1.23 ± 0.05* - - - - - -
«C» - - 0.63 ± 0.02 0.11 ± 0.005* 1.63 ± 0.04 0.62 ± 0.03* 3.92 ± 0.11 1.32 ± 0.06*
«S» - - 0.15 ± 0.006 0.07 ± 0.003* 0.52 ± 0.02 1.2 ± 0.05* 1.14 ± 0.05 1.71 ± 0.07*
«R» - - - - 0.25 ± 0.01 10.11 ± 0.05* 1.45 ± 0.04 0.95 ± 0.02*
cs(z) -CSR(z) - - 4.11 ± 0.17 3.23 ± 0.15* 7.16 ± 0.30 5.68 ± 0.21* 6.51 ± 0.24 3.98 ± 0.14*
Preva- 10 71.43 ± 12.07
lence of 73 38* 21 10* 10 10 8
TC (%) 64.55 ± 4.55 35.19 ± 4.60 91.30 ± 5.88 47.62 ± 10.90 100 100 80.0 ± 12.65
Note: in numerator - number of children; in denominator - in *- P < 0.05 in relation to basic group.
Studying of structure of caries showed that children of the youngest age with HS there was also authentically above an intensity of caries (to component) the size of which equaled1.62 ± 0.07 affected teeth against 0.92 ± 0.03 (P < 0.05) carious tooth in control; in an age group 3 years 1 months - 6 years a ratio of quantity carious milk teeth ("c" component) and permanent carious teeth ("K"
Table 3.- Hygiene of children (
'4 from number of children in group;
component) made relatively 2.71 ± 0.11 against 1.82 ± ± 0.07 (P < 0,05) and 0.63 ± 0.02 against 0.11 ± 0.005 (P < 0,05); in older groups 6 years 1 month - 10 years relatively 3.62 ± 0.14 against 2.12 ± 0.08 (P< 0,05) and in senior age group of 10 years 1 month - 15 years intensity of C element at children with HS made 3.92 ± 0.11 against 1.32 ± 0.06 (P < 0,05) (Table 2).
iral cavity at junior age groups
Hygiene indexes Age group
6 mon.- 3 years 3 years 1 mon. - 6 years
basic with HS, n=110 control without HS, n=110 basic with HS, n = 23 control without HS, n = 21
Fedorova-Volodkina index 1.67 ± 0.07 1.25 ± 0.05* - -
OHI-S - index - - 2.53 ± 0.09 1.62 ± 0.07*
Note: *- P < 0.05 in relation to basic group.
It is necessary to notice that children with HS had less sealed-up teeth, the corresponding ratios made on the p component in an age group of 6 years - 3 years - 0.22 ± ± 0.01 sealed-up teeth against 0.31 ± 0.01 (P < 0.05) teeth
with seals in control; in an age group 3 years 6 months on the p component - 0.62 ± 0.02 against 1.23 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05) and on a component "P" - 0.15 ± 0.006 against 0.07 ± 0.003 (P < 0.05) teeth with seals in con-
trol; the corresponding ratios in an age group of 6 years 1 months - made 10 years 1.14 ± 0.09 against 1.62 ± ± 0.05 (P < 0,05) and 0. 52 ± 0. 02 against 1. 21 ± 0.05 (P <
0.05); the ratio of quantity of seals - made 15 years (component "S") in the senior age group of10 years 1 months
1. 14 ± 0.05 against 1.71 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05). It is necessary to notice that in the senior age group intensity of a component "R" - the extracted teeth was also higher at children with HS - 1.45 ± 0.05 against 0.95 ± 0.04 (P < 0.05) (Table 2).
Studying from a condition of hygiene of an oral cavity showed that children with HS in an age group have 6 months - 3 years the size of Fedorov-Volodkina index makes 1.67 ± 0.07 that corresponds to "satisfactory" hygiene of an oral cavity, at the same time at children without HS the condition of hygiene of an oral cavity was estimated as "good" - 1.25 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05).
Children of an age group have 3 years 1 months - 6 years with HS hygiene of an oral cavity was "unsatisfactory" - the size OHI-S of an index made 2.53 ± 0.09. at
children without HS hygiene of an oral cavity was estimated on "well" 1.62 ± 0.07 (P < 0.05) (Table 3).
Conclusions. Comprehensive comparative stomatologic examination revealed that at children with herpetic lesions of a mucosa of an oral cavity and prevalence and intensity of teeth caries and low level of hygiene of an oral cavity is observed higher (P < 0.05), in comparison with children without HS. Thus, stomatologic pathology is the pathogenetic mechanism initiating herpetic lesions of a mucosa of an oral cavity.
For an exception of a local stomatologic component complex treatment of herpetic lesions of a mucosa of an oral cavity has to include carrying out professional and rational hygiene of an oral cavity, training of parents and children in hygiene of an oral cavity, selection of personal hygiene means, treatment of caries and its complications.
To the patient who had HS advice and long-term recommendations on care of an oral cavity and well-timed treatment of caries of teeth for the purpose of prophylaxis of a recurrence of HS must be given.
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