CC BY
23O ISSN 2181-1784
SJIF 2022: 5.947 | ASI Factor = 1.7
—m fira tts
PLURAL AFFIXES IN GONZA'S RUSSIAN MANUSCRIPTS: OVER-TRANSLATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES
d https://doi.org/10.24412/2181-1784-2022-22-110-115
S KUBOZONO Ai
Ph.D, Aichi Prefectural University, Associate Professor i_kb2n@jps.aichi-pu.ac.jp
ABSTRACT
This paper investigates Japanese translations of Russian plural affixes in bilingual Russian-Japanese manuscripts called Gonza's Russian manuscripts. These manuscripts were produced by Gonza (1718?—39), a Japanese boy drifted to Russia from Kagoshima, a southern part of Japan, in the first half of the 18th century. The language to which the documents were translated in those manuscripts is thus not the Standard Japanese but the Kagoshima dialect of the early 18th century. These documents are valuable for us in that they tell us a dialect of the past, especially, as these documents are written in Cyrillic, we can estimate its pronunciation of that time by comparison of their Cyrillic transcription with Russian. On the other hand, some artificiality is found in their Japanese sentences because of the influence of Russian from which it was translated.
In Gonza's Russian manuscripts, the singular and plural forms of Russian nouns tend to be translated differently, and the plural form of inanimate and animal nouns is marked with the -nando affix. On the other hand, in modern standard Japanese and the modern Kagoshima dialect, plural affixes are rarely used for inanimate and animal nouns. In addition, -nando in the modern Kagoshima dialect basically pick up one element from a set and indicates it as a typical example. It is likely that Gonza saw -nando and plural as similar in function and used it to translate the plural of inanimate and animal nouns in Russian. From this we conclude that this is a result of overtranslation when trying to translate Russian, which has a different grammatical system from the Kagoshima dialect, rather than there was inanimate and animal-noun plural affix in the dialect
Keywords: Japanese translations, bilingual Russian-Japanese manuscripts, Kagoshima, Gonza, modern Kagoshima dialect.
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