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COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF MENTHA PLANTS GROWN IN ESTONIA
© Karmen Kapp1, Tonu Pussa2, Anne Orav3, Mati Roasto2, Ain Raal4, Pia Vuorela1, Heikki Vuorela1, Paivi Tammela 1
1 Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;
2 Department of Food Hygiene, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia;
3 Institute of Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia;
4 Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
The purpose of the study was to broaden the knowledge of the chemical composition of Mentha plants and thereby enhance the understanding of the taxonomy of genus Mentha. Also, the antimicrobial activity of Mentha plants essential oils and water extracts was evaluated, supporting the use of mints as health promoting agents in diet.
The leaves of cultivated or wild grown Mentha plants (n = 33) were collected in Estonia. Essential oils were isolated by a Marcusson type microdistillation apparatus and qualitatively analysed by GC-MS. The quantitative and qualitative content of polyphenols in the Mentha plants water extracts were studied using HPLC-UV-MS/MS. Antimicrobial activity was determined by broth dilution assay on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
The essential oil composition of Mentha plants reflected the diversity and hybridization within the genus Mentha. The composition profile of the water extracts was rather similar but the content of polyphenols varied in a wide scale. Based on the analyses of the polyphenols, no species specific compounds could be proposed. Further studies are needed to widen the knowledge of the chemical composition of Mentha plants to their chemotaxonomy.
Essential oils exhibited antimicrobial activities on both of the tested bacteria. However, S. aureus was more sensitive to the essential oils. Water extracts showed activity only against S. aureus.
The present study supports the use of Mentha plants and their constituents as health promoting agents.
PLANTS USED AS ANTIHELMINTIC IN FOLK MEDICINE IN TURKEY
© Secil Karahuseyin 1>2
11stanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Istanbul, Turkey; 2 Cukurova University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Adana, Turkey
Turkey is one of the most floristically rich countries in the world with astonishing plant diversity. Its flora consists of about 10000 vascular plant and approximately one third of its flora (34.4%) is endemic to the country [1, 2]. Recently, numerous ethnobotanical studies have been published and much has been written about medicinal plants in our country [2]. Parasites and parasitic diseases are widely spread in the world. Their adverse effects on health and social-economic society are more visible day by day. Parasitic infections in different ways (water, soil, food and vegetables) can affect humans and induce other complications such as gastrointestinal disorders, malnutrition, anemia
and allergies and sometimes even life threatening. Medicinal plants are widely used [3]. Ethnobotanical studies carried out by traditional methods of treatment are recorded and this information is aimed to contribute to the development of the drug. The information about how to traditionally use these medicinal or wild plants has been transferred from generation to generation. In this study, ethnobotanical studies has been searched and also found a lot of taxa used in traditional treatment against intestinal worm in Turkey. It is aimed to give information about scientific and local names of these taxa, families, using parts and used as antihelmintic (Table 1).
Obzory po kliniceskoj farmacologii i lekarstvennoj terapii [Reviews of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy]
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Table 1: List of some plants used as anthelmintic in folk medicine in Turkey
Botanical name Family Local name Plant part used Preparation, administration and use Reference
Artemisia absinthium L. Asteraceae Aci yavçan, Pelin otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [4]
Artemisia santonicum L. Asteraceae Aci yavçan, Yavçan, Kekik Flower Inf., Int. [4]
Centaurium erythraea Rafn. subsp. erythreae Gentianaceae Afyon otu, Kirmizi kantaron Aerial part Mac., Int. [5]
Chenopodium botrys L. Chenopodiaceae Kuç otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [6]
Chondrilla juncea L. var. acantholepis (Boiss.) Boiss. Asteraceae Sakiz otu Aerial part Dec., Int. [6]
Crataegus meyeri Pojark. Rosaceae Aliç, Aluç, Rihok Fruit Dec., Int. [6]
Crataegus monogyna Jacq. subsp. mo-nogyna Rosaceae Aliç, Aluç, Güjok Fruit Dec., Int. [6]
Hypericum perforatum L. Hypericaceae Sari kantaron, Su kantaronu Aerial part Inf., Int. [4]
Juniperus drupacea Lab. Cupressaceae Andiz agaci Fruit Molasses, Int. [8]
Papaverpseudo-orientale (Fedde) Medw. Papaveraceae Gelincik, Yabani haçhaç Aerial part Inf., Int. [6]
Peganum harmala L. Zygophyllaceae Üzerlik Seed, Root Inf., Int. [4]
Prunus armeniaca L. Rosaceae Kayisi Seed [7]
Thymus fallax Fisch. Mey. Lamiaceae Kekik, Kekotu, Keklik otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [9]
Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. et Hohen. Subsp. glabrescens Boiss. Lamiaceae Kekik, Kekotu, Keklik otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [9]
Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. et Hohen. var. kotschyanus Lamiaceae Kekik, Kekotu, Keklik otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [6]
Thymus migricus Klokov&Des.- Shost. Lamiaceae Kekik, Kekotu, Keklik otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [9]
Thymus praecox Opiz.subsp. grossheimii (Ronniger) Jalas var. grossheimii Lamiaceae Kekik, Kekotu, Keklik otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [9]
Thymus transcaucasicus Ronniger Lamiaceae Kekik, Kekotu, Keklik otu Aerial part Inf., Int. [9]
Int: Internal, Dec: Decoction, Inf: Infusion, Mac: Maceration
References:
1. Demirci S, Özhatay N, 2012. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9 (1):75-92.
2. Gürdal B, Kültür S, 2013. J of Ethnopharmacology. 146:113-126.
3. Bahmani M, Rafieian-Kopae Mi, Hassanzadazar H, Saki H, Karamati SA, Delfan B, 2014. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 7(1):29-33.
4. Oral DC. 2007. Thesis. Ankara: Gazi University, Programme of Phytotherapy.
5. Kizilarslan C, Özhatay N, 2012. Turkish Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(2):199-218.
6. Dogan A, Tuzlaci E, 2015. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 19:126-135, 2015.
7. Gengay A. 2007. Thesis. Van: Yüzüncü Yil University, Department of Biology.
8. E§en B. 2008. Thesis. Konya: Selguk University, Department of Biology.
9. Altundag E. 2009. Thesis. istanbul: istanbul University, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany.
FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA IN THE ELDERLY: META-ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS WITH A HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCT, STW 5
© Müller Jürgen1, Fink Careen1, Rabini Sabine1, Kelber Olaf2, Nieber Karen3, Kraft Karin4, Storr Martin A.5
1 Medical and Clinical Affairs Phytomedicines, Innovation and Development, Phytomedicines Supply and Development Center, Bayer Consumer Health Division, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany;
2 Innovation and Development, Phytomedicines Supply and Development Center, Bayer Consumer Health Division, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany, Darmstadt;
3 Pharmaceutical Institute, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany;
4 Chair for Naturopathy, Center for Internal Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany;
5 Center for Endoscopy, Starnberg, Germany
In an ageing population, natural treatment options for For answering the question, whether the efficacy functional digestive diseases gain increased attention. in such a treatment option, STW 5, is comparable in
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