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https://doi.org/10.29013/AJT-23-7.8-17-20
Sultonov Shavkat Abdullayevich, Sayimova Dilbar Kaxramonovna, Kholov Khurshid Murodullayevich, Navoiy State pedagogical institute
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CLAY POWDER WITH SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS
Abstract. Clay soils have been and remain one of the most important industrial minerals. Clay and clay minerals are widely used in many areas of our society. They are important in geology, agriculture, construction, technology industries. Some more important applications include ceramics, paper, paints, plastics, drilling fluids, foundry metal alloys, chemical carriers, liquid barriers, and catalysis. The research and development activities of clay soil scientists in academia, government and industry are constantly leading to the production of new and innovative clay powder products, many of these new applications are the result of improved processing resulting in higher purity clay powders., with finer particle size and distribution., whiter and brighter color, modified surface chemistry and other physical and chemical modifications. Some new and improved clay products have been adapted or developed as paper-coated kaolins, advanced thickeners for paints, nanocomposites for plastics, columnar clays as specialty absorbents and catalysts, clays for liquid fertilizer slurries, animal waste absorption includes clay, kaolins, activated in an alkaline environment. Faster pouring of clay and very high modulus of break, high gloss and low friction.
Keywords: Kaolin, bentonite, palgorskite, carotenoids, anthocyanin, phleon, modification, adsorption, octahedral, porosity, sulfuric acid, grinding, bleaching, activation.
The urgency of the issue soil. Of primary importance is the porous structure,
Natural clays (kaolin, bentonite, palgorskite) natu- which creates a large active surface of the adsor-
rally have low sorption properties, depending on their bent.
mineralogical and chemical composition, their enrich- The industrial applications of the three most imment and activation according to various properties portant types of clay minerals are varied and in most gives excellent results. The presence of color in cot- cases very different. This is primarily due to the fact tonseed oil indicates the presence of alpha- and beta- that their physical and chemical properties are differ-carotenoids, anthocyanins, phleon pigments. ent depending on their structure and composition.
The main composition of adsorbents is silicon The structure and composition of kaolins, smectites,
and aluminum oxides (natural clays, synthetic alu- and palygorskite-sepiolites vary greatly, although
minosilicates, silica gel, aluminum gel). each uses octahedral and tetrahedral plates as basic
The absorbed substance in the bulk phase (gas, building blocks. vapor or liquid) is called the adsorbent, and the ab- The arrangement and composition of these octa-
sorbed substance is called the adsorbate. hedral and tetrahedral plates explain the major and
The difference in chemical composition is not minor differences in the properties of these clay min-
decisive in terms of adsorption properties in clay or erals and therefore in their end use.
The layers of clay deposits contain clay powders tion characteristics are more often used for cleaning
of various compositions. Although their content is various products. The composition and structure of
similar, their functions are very different from each clay powders with sorption properties are not the
other. From this we can say that the composition and same. On fig. 1 below shows the IR structure of natu-
structure should be similar. Clay powders with sorp- ral clays (kaolin, talc).
a)
b)
Figure 1 (a, b). IR Spectroscopic Analysis of Kaolin and Talc
It also differs in hardness, color and other properties. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the amount of active metals (when treated with acid) should be removed from the structure of the clay flour in an amount of1 to 3 percent, taking into account the composition and structure of the clay flour.
The sorbent properties of clay powder are also increased by stable organic substances. During the activation process, many changes are made to the treatment process, taking into account the impact of the acid. These changes are made mainly depending on the composition and structure of the clay. It has been repeatedly established that the structure of clay soils with sorption features mainly has an octahedral structure.
The adsorption capacity of palygorskite is due to its relatively large surface area and the net negative charge it contains, which attracts cations such as Fe(lIl). On (fig. 2) shows a diagram of the structure of palygorskite and its active surface areas (adapted from Bailey).
The aim of this work is to remove organic matter, rather than magnetite nanoparticles, using magnetite clay after Fe(lIl) adsorption. This process allows the use of additives produced during mining.
Palygorskite is a natural layer - a filamentous porous hydrated magnesian, aluminosilicate soil mineral type of a pure chemical element, usually an unstable system with the theoretical formula
Mg2Al2Si8O20(OH)2(OH2)4 • 4H2O. Due to and chemical properties and is formed by alternating the special structural properties of palygorskite, the an octahedral layer of Mg, Al, O and a tetrahedral layered-ribbon porous structure has many physical layer of Si, O.
Figure 2. The structure of palygorskite and its active surface
A crystal structure diagram of palygorskite is shown in the FIC. The main building block of palygorskite consists of pairs of SiO4 tetrahedra parallel to the S axis. Each band is connected to the next one by inversion of the SiO4 tetrahedron along the oxygen atom.
In order, such tetrahedra are connected by continuous ribbons, starting from a vertical section along the C axis, forming phyllosilicate ribbons, forming oc-
tahedral layered-ribbon blocks, forming zeolite-like channels of approximately the same volume with two tetrahedral layers. 0.38 nm x 0.63 nm layers-strips and channel blocks are arranged alternately.
Palygorskite has a unique structure containing organic molecules and ions included in the internal structure of water channels and zeolite bonds, and exhibits good adsorption properties, rheological properties and catalytic activity.
Table 1. - Chemical composition of sorbent raw materials,%
Clay or sediment Si°2 Al2°3 ^3 Feü MnQ MgQ CaQ TiQ2 Na2Q K2Q CQ2 SO3 Sulfide Palygorskite powder
Paligorskit 36.1- 7.43- 2.44- 0.56- 6.76- 12.2- 1.43- 1.32-
Tul 57.6 9.46 3.16 0.86 11.7 12.4 2.25 1.36
Kaolin
Angren 60.2 25.2 1.44 0.23 0.64 0.45 0.94 0.16 10.7
Bentonit
Azkamar 53.5 25.1 3.96 5.22 2.16 0.15 2.16 0.83 7.26
Bentonit
Tomditog' 58.4 14.0 10.4 0.04 3.10 2.50 0.65 1.17
Bentonit 62.4- 10.2- 3.60- 2.98- 0.00- 0.50- 1.76- Foot prints 4.92-
Angren 71.0 16.4 4.40 3.82 3.50 0.60 2.80 8.20
As a new adsorbent, the coal-clay powder min- composites. In 2013, the modification and morphol-
eral composite has attracted a lot of attention due ogy ofpalygorskite, as well as adsorption properties,
to its potential application in water treatment. In re- were investigated by a hydrothermal method using
cent decades, she has focused on the preparation and a range of biomass carbon sources, including xylose,
properties of one-dimensional carbon/palygorskite fructose, sucrose, and cellulose.
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