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Khalilov Sh.K. assistant
Department of Pediatric Surgery Andijan State Medical Institute
PERITONITIS IN BABIES
Abstract: This article examines determination of clinical symptoms related to the causes and pathogenesis of peritonitis in children and selection of treatment methods. Learning to make a treatment plan that should be implemented according to the characteristics of infant peritonitis.
Key words: peritonit, symptoms, hematogenous, treatment, local peritonitis, general peritonitis.
Peritonitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the peritoneum. This condition poses a great danger to the body, because the result of such a pathology is a violation of all vital functions. important organs. Symptoms of peritonitis differ depending on the degree of the disease and its form: acute and chronic. Causes The following factors may contribute to the occurrence of abdominal peritonitis: infectious diseases; perforation or destruction of abdominal organs; penetrating wounds of the abdominal cavity, as a result of which the infection gets there; hematogenous spread of infection from foci in organs and tissues. How does the disease manifest itself? External signs of peritonitis are determined by taking into account the manifestation of the disease that contributed to the start of the inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity. In addition, the symptoms of the presented disease help to determine the stage and type of its development. Local and general manifestations A disease such as peritonitis has local and general manifestations. The first includes those that serve as a reaction to the irritation of the peritoneum. These signs serve as a defense mechanism, and the place of their concentration depends on the area and zone of the pathological center. Local manifestations of peritonitis include: pain syndrome; abdominal muscle tension; signs of peritoneal irritation detected during diagnosis. Painful sensations Pain syndrome is one of the first manifestations of peritonitis. Taking into account the main cause of the disease, the nature and intensity of the pain is determined. The maximum severity is the pain caused by the perforation of the internal organs. For such a situation, it has a sharp, sudden character, resembling a dagger strike with force. In medical terminology, such pains are called wedge pains. The intensity of pain is determined by the effect and composition of the irritating component. Pain with maximum intensity enters a person with acute pancreatitis. The reason for this condition is related to the presence of enzymes in the pancreatic juice. It is they who have the maximum effect comparable to a burn on the abdomen.
Depending on the degree and process of inflammation, peritonitis can be considered as follows.
• local peritonitis;
• general peritonitis.
This inflammation can also be classified by origin. There are two main
types:
• primary peritonitis due to spontaneous infection with the initial absence of intra-abdominal lesions;
• secondary peritonitis, the most common, is caused by intra-abdominal injury and infection due to the presence of an infectious focus within the abdominal cavity.
Type:
- according to the reason: aseptic, infectious.
- according to the type of infection: perforated, septic and cryptogenic.
- degree of spread: local, general.
- general: diffuse and scattered.
- local: bounded, unbounded.
- course: acute, chronic.
- liquid nature: serous, purulent, hemorrhagic, bilious and others.
Symptoms of primary peritonitis:
Sudden severe abdominal pain in preschool girls. Vomiting.
Symptoms of peritonitis.
Hyperleukocytosis (18-40 g/l.)
Mucous-purulent discharge from the vagina.
Treatment of peritonitis:
• The purpose of preparation for surgery: restoration of hemodynamics, maintenance of acid-alkaline balance, establishment of water and electrolyte balance.
• For this: 1. a) restoration of blood volume in circulation (electrolyte solutions, glucose, plasma, blood);
• b) detoxification (antihistamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, protease inhibitor);
• c) hormones.
• 2. 10% glucose with insulin, vitamins (C, B-group), improvement of kidney function and microcirculation.
• 3. Sodium hydrocarbonath 4% solution, Potassium chloride 7. 5% solution drip into the vein.
• 4. Syndromic therapy. 5. Antibacterial agents.
• Purpose of the operation: eliminate the primary infection, clean the abdominal cavity and perform drainage.
• In this process, peritonitis phases are considered:
• Reactive phase - cleaning the abdominal cavity and placing a drain
• Toxic phase-dialysis
• Terminal phase - struggle with polyorgan failure.
References:
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