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Поведение графеновых и алмазных наночастиц в ЭМГД-модели перистальтического течения с учетом энтропии
V. Sridhar, K. Ramesh
Университет Симбиозис Интернешнел, Пуна, 412115, Индия
Алмазные и графеновые углеродные наночастицы находят особое применение в медицине для лечения рака и целевой доставки лекарств. В статье исследовано течение наножидкости с моментными напряжениями (кровь - графеновые/алмазные наночастицы) в асимметричном канале с учетом вязкой диссипации, электромагнитной гидродинамики (ЭМГД), джоулева нагрева, скорости скольжения и конвективных граничных условий. Получено аналитическое решение математической модели в предположении большой длины волны и малого числа Рейнольдса. Показано влияние различных параметров на скорость, температуру, коэффициент теплопередачи, градиент давления, образование ловушки, напряжение сдвига и производство энтропии. Согласно полученным результатам, наножидкость на основе алмаза имеет более высокую скорость по сравнению с наножидкостью на основе графена, число Бежана увеличивается с увеличением числа Бринкмана за счет производства энтропии, а рост мо-ментных напряжений приводит к уменьшению размера болюса.
Ключевые слова: наножидкость с моментными напряжениями, электроосмос, производство энтропии, графен, магнитное поле, алмаз
DOI 10.24412/1683-805X-2021-6-86-89
Performance of graphene and diamond nanoparticles on EMHD peristaltic flow model with entropy generation analysis
V. Sridhar and K. Ramesh
Department of Mathematics, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University),
Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India
Diamond and graphene are carbide nanoparticles that have valuable biomedical applications in cancer therapy and drug delivery. The aim of this study is to analyze the couple stress nanofluid (blood - gra-phene/diamond) flow in an asymmetric channel with the effect of viscous dissipation, electromagnetohydro-dynamics (EMHD), Joule heating, velocity slip and convective boundary conditions. The mathematical model is solved analytically under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The impact of various parameters on velocity, temperature, heat transfer coefficient, pressure gradient, trapping, shear stress, and entropy generation are depicted pictorially. The results obtained indicate that diamond-based nanofluid has higher velocity than grapheme-based nanofluid, Bejan number enhances with increasing Brink-man number through entropy generation, and an increase in the couple stress parameter reduces the bolus size.
Keywords: couple stress nanofluid, electroosmosis, entropy generation, graphene, magnetic field, diamond
1. Introduction
Peristalsis is the mechanism of fluid transport by expansion and contraction of muscles due to the pro© Sridhar V., Ramesh K., 2021
pagation of waves along the channel. Peristalsis is the process of propelling and mixing of fluid in an anterograde direction of wave propagation. It has
wide range of applications in industry, environmental and bioengineering fields. To be more specific, peristaltic concept is useful in physiological phenomena like blood flow in vessels, chyme motion in the gastrointestinal tract, urine transport from kidney to bladder through the ureter, sperm pumping in ducts, swallowing of food through esophagus, and heart-lung machine. Latham [1] in 1966 experimentally introduced the peristaltic pumping mechanism. After initiation of this concept many researchers discussed peristaltic propulsion in various geometries. Tripathi and Beg [2] studied peristaltic motion in a symmetric channel. Reddy and Makinde [3] discussed peristaltic propulsion in an asymmetric channel. Nadeem et al. [4] considered peristaltic flow through eccentric cylinders. Ali et al. [5] theoretically observed peristaltic flow in a curved channel. Akbar and Butt [6] investigated peristaltic propulsion through a radially symmetric plumb duct.
In the last few decades researchers have been focusing on the study of nanofluid due to the vast applications of nanofluids in biomedical sciences like vivo therapy, photodynamic therapy, protein engineering, and drug delivery. Nanofluid means merging of nanoscale particles into conventional fluid. This term was initially introduced by Choi [7]. Generally, nanoparticles are composed of metals, carbides, and oxides. Among nanoparticles, graphene nanoparticles have the advantageous properties like high thermal conductivity, good electrical conduction, and reduced clogging. Graphene was discovered by the experimental work of Novoselov et al. [8] in 2004. Gra-phene is a carbon-based nanomaterial. It is widely used in biomedicine as an anticancer agent, water purifier, a sensor for blood sugar, blood pressure levels, for prosthesis and dental implants. Feng and Liu [9] discussed various biomedical applications of gra-phene nanoparticles. Sandeep and Malvandi [10] investigated the flow of graphene nanoparticles suspended with non-Newtonian fluids (Jeffrey, Maxwell and Oldroyd-B fluids) and concluded that their outcomes can be helpful in designing heat exchanger devices. Shit and Mukherjee [11] studied the graphene-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanofluid flow and revealed that their observations have applications in biomedical engineering and powder technology. Khan et al. [12] theoretically studied the Carreau na-nofluid flow consisting of graphene nanoparticles and determined that their results are helpful for thermal conductivity and design of coating processes.
Aman et al. [13] defined graphene/water nanofluid as another source of solar energy in thermal engineering. Rashid et al. [14] discussed the heat transfer flow of water/graphene nanofluid with distinct nanoparticle shapes. Wang et al. [15] experimentally explored that the thermal conductivity of graphene-based nanofluid is higher than that of the base fluid water. Diamond nanoparticles belong to carbon-family materials. They were initially found in the 1960s by detonation in the USSR [16]. Diamond nanoparticles are utilized in bioapplications such as anti-bacterial and anti-viral treatments, drug delivery vehicles, and therapeutic agents for diagnostic probes [17]. Sani et al. [18] studied the diamond/graphite-ethylene glycol nanofluid flow and their results are applicable in solar energy. Xie et al. [19] discussed the diamond-based nanofluid flow and concluded that the thermal conductivity of nanofluid increases with the volume fraction of diamond nanoparticles. A few more researchers discussed the diamond-based nanofluid flow [20, 21].
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) defines the movement of any conducting fluid with an external/induced magnetic field. Magnetic nanofluid has many applications in metallurgy, polymer industry, and medical engineering. MHD nanofluid is of great importance in biomedical area like wound treatment, targeted gene delivery, and magnetic resonance imaging. Akbar et al. [22] discussed the Jeffrey nano-fluid flow with the effect of magnetohydrodynamics using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and their findings are helpful in nanobiomedicine. Ko-thandapani and Prakash [23] investigated the Carreau nanofluid flow under a magnetic field using the regular perturbation method and specified that their findings may assist in cancer therapy. Krishna and Chamka [24] investigated the water-Cu/TiO2 nano-fluid flow with the effect of magnetohydrodynamics using perturbation approximation; their outcomes contribute to biomedical applications aimed at destroying cancer cells. Mosayebidorcheh and Hatami [25] analyzed an incompressible nanofluid flow with the impact of magnetohydrodynamics by the analytical least square method using Maple mathematical software. Nisar et al. [26] illustrated the magnetic Eyring-Powell nanofluid flow using the NDSolve tool from Mathematica.
Industries and academics alike may benefit the mesomechanical aspects of computational modeling for various established theories known in the field of mechanics.
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Received 30.03.2021, revised 13.07.2021, accepted 14.07.2021
This is an excerpt of the article "Performance of Graphene and Diamond Nanoparticles on EMHD Peristaltic Flow Model with Entropy Generation Analysis". Full text of the paper is published in Physical Mesomechanics Journal. DOI: 10.1134/S1029959922020084
Сведения об авторах
Vemulawada Sridhar, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), India, [email protected]
Dr. Katta Ramesh, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), India, [email protected]
