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3prolonged stress, irritability, psychological self-isolation, panic fear of medical examinations, manipulations and treatment develop in cancer patients.
Panic attacks involve paroxysms of inexplicable, excruciating fear and anxiety of the patient, which are accompanied by vegetative manifestations. In the pathogenesis of panic attacks, biochemical changes, the presence of hyperventilation and disruption of cognitive processes are considered. According to researchers, increased breathing often causes symptoms indicative of a panic attack, although a panic attack originates or worsens due to hyperventilation.4.5.6.7.8.9.
There is also a cognitive theory of panic attacks, according to which anxiety causes somatic symptoms, which in turn increases the fear of the disease. Recurrent panic attacks are the main manifestation of panic disorder. Panic disorder is characterized by palpitations, increased heart rate, sweating, shortness of breath, dyspnea, shortness of breath, feeling of suffocation, chills, tremors, dizziness, imbalance, flushing, numbness in the extremities, paresthesias, chest pain, nausea or abdominal discomfort, derealization, death. Fear, fear of going crazy or committing an uncontrollable act. 10. 12.
If the patient has at least 4 of these symptoms, it is considered as a panic attack. There is no typical prodromal period for a panic attack. Its duration is from 10 minutes to 1 hour and it is characterized by a feeling of lightness after the attack. 1.2.3.4.
The study was conducted in the Adjara Oncology Hospital. Patients participated in the study after they were provided with proper explanation and via their consent. During the clinical interview, the number and severity of panic attacks, severity of agoraphobic symptoms, suicidal thoughts and attempts, changes in social behavior, and limitation of physical abilities were evaluated.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The severity of panic attack symptoms was assessed using the Shikhani scale, where the severity of symptoms was determined from 0-4 points - not present, slightly present, moderately, sufficiently, extremely strongly expressed. The level of anxiety above 80 points is considered a high level, 57 is an average level, 30 is a mild disturbance, and 20 points is normal.
60 patients from 25 to 75 years of age were included in the study. Out of these, 25 were women, 35 men, 20 patients underwent surgery, 16 after chemotherapy. 4 after radiation therapy, 20 patients with combined therapy. The examined patients did not have hyperthyroidism, epilepsy, or heart rhythm disorders.
A high level of panic attack was detected in 45% of those examined, an average level in 27%, a mild disorder in 25%, and a normal level in 3% of cases.
Graph 2 - Panic attacks in cancer patients
■ High
■ Average
■ Mild
■ Normal
Panic attacks occurred several times a week (36%), daily (46%). It lasted several minutes (66%). within a few hours (16%). Agoraphobia was observed (53%).
Chart 3. Frequency of panic attacks and agoraphobia in cancer patients
According to our research, cancer patients had increased heartbeat (64%), sweating (76%), shortness of breath, dyspnea, shortness of breath, feeling of suffocation (78%), chills, tremors (55%), Dizziness, imbalance, (32%), flushing (25%).
Graph 4- symptoms of panick attacks among the patients
■ Increased heartbeat
■ Sweatness
■ Shortness of breath
■ chilss
■ Dizziness
■ flushing
Numbness in the limbs, paresthesias, (44%). Chest pain (76%), nausea or abdominal discomfort (76%). Derealization, (76%), fear of death, (76%). Fear of going crazy or acting out of control. (76%). If at least 4 of these symptoms are present on the face, it is considered to be a panic attack, it is also important to note that there is no typical prodrome for a panic attack.
Suicidal thoughts (44%) and attempts (3%), changes in social behavior (38%), limitation of physical capabilities (67%) characterized the patients.
Graph 5. Suicidal thoughts and disorders of behavior and physical abilities of patients
Panic or somato-vegetative disorders (headache, dizziness, heart palpitations, and weakness) were characteristic of 79% of those examined. A large number of patients complained of sleep disturbances (80% of them) (difficulty falling asleep, waking up in the middle of the night, early awakening), some place was occupied by the symptoms of asthenia - 56%.
Thus, the high level of panic attacks in cancer patients is quite high, the attacks are quite frequent and are characterized by a variety of symptoms. Therefore, we believe that along with the basic treatment, it is necessary to identify the symptoms of oncopatients, diagnose panic attacks, and select treatment tactics in the form of psychological assistance and drug therapy.
It is necessary to establish free psychological rehabilitation centers for cancer patients on the basis of oncology clinics. Qualified psychological help will not only improve the "quality of life" of cancer patients, but also help to cope with the neuro-psychological disorders of their family members.
REFERENCES
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2. Panic Disorder: When Fear Overwhelms". NIMH. 2022. Retrieved March 18, 2022.
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5. Smith, Melinda; Robinson, Lawrence; Segal, Jeanne. "Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder". HelpGuide. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
6. American Psychiatric Association, American Psychiatric Association. "Changes to the DSM-V to the DSM-V-TR" (PDF). Changes to the DSM V to DSM V-TR. Retrieved 22 March 2022. Stewart, Julian M.; Pianosi, Paul; Shaban, Mohamed A.; Terilli, Courtney; Svistunova, Maria; Visintainer, Paul; Medow, Marvin S. (2018-11-01). "Hemodynamic
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PANIC FRUSTRATION AND SLEEP DISORDER SH. V. VASHADZE
MD, PhD, ass. professor, Batumi State University after Shota Rustaveli. Batumi. Georgia
DATO KHIMSHIASHVILI Clinic Medical Center Batumi. Georgia
MAIA SHAVADAZE Clinic Medical Center. Batumi. Georgia
TAMAR SALVARIDZE Clinic Medical Center, Batumi. Georgia
Abstract: According to the DSM-5 a panic attack is part of the diagnostic class of anxiety disorders. 2.3.4.5. It is not considered a specific disorder on its own, with the symptoms of a panic attack regarded as characteristics of another disorder during which the panic attack occurs.
The aim of the research was to identify the relationship between panic frustrations and sleep disorder. Research spent on the basis of clinic «Diagnostic center» in Batumi. The basic group included 30 out-patient patients (15 women and 15 men) at the age of25 - 75 years old. Patients with diabetes and unstable accompanying somatic diseases were excluded from research. Panic attack estimated by means of Hamilton scale.
There were three times more frequently observed among women than men. Panic frustration is observed at (70 %) of teenage age and in the beginning of mature age . The short wind is observed at-58 %. Palpitation is observed at-95 %. Pain in the thorax or feeling discomfort is observed at 55 %. Feeling of shortage of air or asthma is observed at 73 %. System or not system dizziness is observed at 33 %. Feeling of instability is observed at 45 %. Feeling of unreality is observed at 25 %.
Depressive mood is observed at 53 %.; The general somatic symptoms (muscular) is observed at 88 %; The general somatic symptoms (sensitive) symptoms is observed at 66 % .Symptoms of breath bodies is observed at 33 %. Symptoms of gastro enteric path bodies is observed at 24 %. Symptoms of urinogential system are observed at 14 %. A symptom of vegetative nervous system is observed at 91 %.
The pathological increase duration of a dream (hypersomnia) is observed at 15 %. Hypersomnia is shown with irritability, causeless alarm, pains in muscles. Falling asleep (force sleeplessness) is shown at 35 %. Awakening (post doubtful) is shown at 24 %.The dream period between them (inter doubtful) is shown at 15 %. The first condition in treatment ofpanic frustration is all-round knowledge of patient and understanding the essence of illness.
Key words: Panic frustration sleep disorder.
BACKGROUND
A panic attack is a sudden episode of intense fear that triggers severe physical reactions when there is no real danger or apparent cause. Panic attacks can be very frightening. When panic attacks occur, you might think you're losing control, having a heart attack or even dying.8.9.10.11..12..13.
According to the DSM-5 a panic attack is part of the diagnostic class of anxiety disorders. It is not considered a specific disorder on its own, with the symptoms of a panic attack regarded as characteristics of another disorder during which the panic attack occurs.
DSM-5 criteria for a panic attack is defined as "an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes and during which time four or more of the following symptoms occur"2.4.5.6.7.
Many people have just one or two panic attacks in their lifetimes, and the problem goes away, perhaps when a stressful situation ends. But if you've had recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and spent long periods in constant fear of another attack, you may have a condition called panic disorder.
