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11OPTICAL CLEARING AS A TOOL FOR MULTIMODAL TISSUE IMAGING
VALERY TUCHIN
Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Saratov, Russia Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems, Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control, FRC "Saratov Scientific Centre " of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russia A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, FRC "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
ABSTRACT
The concepts of multimodality and temporal formation or expansion of optical transparency windows of biological tissues are fruitful tools of the method of immersion optical clearing (IOC) of tissues. The method is based on a controlled and reversible modification of the optical properties of a tissue when exposed to a biocompatible optical clearing agent (OCA). At present, the basics of the method have been studied and the leading mechanisms of IOC have been described [1-4]. These mechanisms determine a significant increase in the efficiency of imaging of almost all known optical imaging tools and laser impact on living tissues. This versatility is due to the fact that the method is aimed at temporary suppression of the fundamental cause that limits the transparency of the tissue and blurs the image of its structures, namely, elastic light scattering in the tissue. As a result, the IOC method makes it possible to enhance the contrast of pathological foci in depth of tissue when imaging living tissues using various optical modalities operating in an ultra-wide wavelength range from deep UV to terahertz. Figure 1 illustrates the main optical methods that benefit significantly from the optical clearing method [1-17].
Figure 1: Different optical tools beneficial from the immersion optical clearing method.
It is important to note that the method is well compatible with other widely used imaging modalities such as computed tomography, MRI and ultrasound [6,15,17].
Recently, there has been activity in the field of application of the method in therapeutic technologies, including photodynamic, photocatalytic and photothermal therapies [5, 18, 19].
Unique applications may be in transplantology, since OCAs are known as cryopreservative fluids for transplant storage [3, 20] and can provide a better optical communication channel with smart implants in the human body [21].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The study was funded by the grant under the Degree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 220 of 09 April
2010 (Agreement No. 075-15-2021-615 of 04 June 2021).
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