CC BY
1
UDC 657
Karaykoza E.A. 4th year student Faculty of Financial Markets federal state educational budget institution of higher education "Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation "
Russia, Moscow
Scientific adviser: Mislavskaya N.A., Doctor of Economics, Associate
Professor, Professor of the Department of Accounting, Analysis and Audit
federal state educational budget institution of higher education "Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation "
Russia, Moscow
ON THE PROBLEMS OF REFORMING THE RUSSIAN ACCOUNTING
SYSTEM
Annotation: The article is devoted to specific differences in the application of International Financial Reporting Standards, which makes it difficult to fully implement the Russian accounting and reporting system to the corresponding requirements.
Keywords: International Financial Reporting Standards, the Russian accounting system, distinctive features.
It is well known that International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is a set of high-quality documents that allow organizations to demonstrate the results of operations, other operations and events in order to attract additional sources of funding. Standards provide clear guidance on how accountants should present relevant information.
Documents are published through the activities of the Council on International Financial Reporting Standards, which, in turn, is a non-governmental professional organization aimed at developing a unified system of high-quality, understandable and applicable in practice global accounting standards that provide for the generation of high-quality, transparent and comparable information in financial statements . Thus, participants in the global financial market and other interested users have the opportunity to obtain the necessary information, to have a reasonable idea of the financial condition of the company in which they intend to invest free resources, or about a company that already makes a profit in the form of dividends.
The Russian Federation has been reforming the national accounting (financial) accounting and reporting system for quite a significant period in accordance with the requirements of IFRS, but it is too early to say about the final, full-fledged implementation of the relevant principles and concepts. There are various reasons in the professional periodical literature that prevent the elimination of certain distinctive features between our accounting systems. Nevertheless, some
of them are global in nature and are associated with the professional mentality, the peculiarities of our country's geopolitical position, and the implementation of business activities by organizations.
They represent the main distinguishing feature that today we can not overcome. The purpose of IFRS, as mentioned earlier, is to provide information to users, such as investors and creditors. Russian accounting standards (RAS) are used in practice mainly for reporting to state regulatory or tax authorities, which, in fact, are interested in several other aspects of the organization's activities.
Distinctive features in question are presented in table 1.
Table 1
Fundamental distinctive features of International Financial Reporting Standards and Russian Accounting
Aspect
Form and content
Consolidation
Reporting period
Currency
Discounting
Interest income
Fair value
IFRS
The priority of the economic meaning of the operation and the high significance of the professional judgment of the accountant on the form. Accounting for the parent company in conjunction with subsidiaries (income, property and expenses are taken into account in the amount)
Installed by the company itself
International reporting is made in the currency in which the company makes a profit and makes calculations
The time value of money is taken into account. That is, discounting is often used in asset valuation, in cases of deferred payment for an asset.
The effective interest is taken into account, that is, it is recognized that the same money supply has different purchasing power at different stages of time. Within the framework of IFRS, the real value of the company's assets is taken into account, which allows investors to make more balanced and balanced decisions.
RAS
Legal, documentary correct execution operations.
Not used consolidation
and of
Strictly from December 31
January 1 to
The report can be made only in rubles.
Discounting method is practically not used in the Russian practice.
Under RAS, the effective interest rate is not calculated, which leads to an inefficient estimate of the money supply.
Under RAS, all assets and liabilities are measured at historical cost.
Based on the analysis of the differences between IFRS and RAS, we conclude that international standards are initially designed to provide reliable financial and economic information to users such as investors and creditors, while Russian
standards continue to respond to more information requests from government auditors. - supervised bodies.
Consequently, a full transition to international financial reporting standards is associated with the above-mentioned differences, as well as the lack of domestic investors, whose role, as well as all controlling functions, continues to be performed by the state. In the event of an increase in the well-being of Russian citizens, there will be a need to satisfy their information interests, the national accounting system will be able to change directly. Moreover, the changes will spontaneously seek to comply with the requirements of IFRS.
Used sources:
1. Popova A. Kh., Arkauti V. V., Ikaeva L. E. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): Problems of Implementation and Transformation of Russian
Reporting_//_Economy_Space._2013._№4-2._URL:
https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n7mezhdunarodnye-standarty-finansovoy-otchetnosti-msfo-problemy-vnedreniya-i-transformatsii-rossiyskoy-otchetnost
2. Poleshchuk Tatyana Alexandrovna International Financial Reporting Standards: problems of implementation // Territory of new opportunities. 2012. №2. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mezhdunarodnye-standarty-finansovoy-otchetnosti-problemy-vnedreniya
3. Polenova S.I. International Financial Reporting Standards: the creation and design characteristics // International Accounting. 2005. №10. URL: https: //cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mezhdunarodnye-standarty-finansovoy-otchetnosti-sozdanie-i-konstruktivnye-harakteristiki
4. Chaya V.T. International Financial Reporting Standards // International Accounting. 2008. №7. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mezhdunarodnye-standarty-finansovoy-otchetnosti-2
