CC BY
6
https://doi.org/10.29013/ESR-19-11.12-64-66
Mukhametshina Elmira Talgatovna, Researcher, Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute Tashpulatov Salih Shukurovich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry, Cherunova Irina Victorovna, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Don State Technical University, E-mail: ssht61@mail.ru
ON ADDITIONAL MEASURES TO ENSURE SAFETY OF LIFE ACTIVITY IN THE PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS OF SPECIAL PURPOSE
Abstract. This article presents the results of an analysis of the materials used with antibacterial properties for light industry products. In recent years, among the basic hygienic requirements for special-purpose products, the requirement for the presence of antibacterial properties has been added. All these requirements are directly related to the materials of the top and lining, as well as to the internal materials of the product. These materials are in direct contact with the surface of the human body, and their hygienic properties form the properties of the product itself. The most commonly used textile materials (cotton, non-woven, knitted fabrics, etc.) and genuine leather, impregnated with various antibacterial compositions.
Keywords: Property, special purposes, life support safety, special products, textile materials, genuine leather, basic composition, compound.
Protecting the health of workers, ensuring safe Special products must meet the requirements of
working conditions, eliminating occupational dis- reliability and wear resistance during operation for a
eases and occupational injuries is one of the main specified period, do not change their properties dur-
concerns of the state. ing storage, consumer characteristics of shoes, such
The adopted regulatory documents noted that as properties that determine heat, gas and moisture
the creation of special-purpose products with de- exchange of the lower extremities, are becoming in-
sired properties is an urgent task, and when solving creasingly important. with the external environment,
this problem, it is necessary to be based on the use the external shape and internal configuration of the
of domestic materials based on import substitution product, weight and flexibility, shock absorption and
and localization. friction properties of the sole, etc. [2-3].
The history of the creation of special products, In recent years, the requirement for special prod-for example, shoes with special preset properties, ucts has been supplemented by the requirement of dates back many centuries. Outerwear is a manda- biocidal properties. At the same time, hygiene retory part of clothing and its main purpose is to pro- quirements are being tightened. All these require-tect it from moisture, dirt and extreme temperatures, ments for the product are directly related to the maas well as from mechanical damage [1]. terials of the top and lining, as well as to the internal
ON ADDITIONAL MEASURES TO ENSURE SAFETY OF LIFE ACTIVITY IN THE PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS OF SPECIAL PURPOSE
materials. These materials directly contact the surface of the skin, and hygienic properties form special properties of the product itself [4-6].
Over the past 20 years, an increase in the number of patients with fungal diseases of the lower extremities has been observed in the world. Fungal diseases belong to the group of infectious diseases that cause pathogenic fungi. They affect the human body, can settle both on the surface of the skin and on the mucous membrane of internal organs. Most often, there are cases of fungal lesions of the feet, creating discomfort and do not contribute to normal life.
The problem of microorganism damage to products made of genuine leather is very urgent: the biological damage process can lead to premature destruction of the product, and in many cases to poor health of the person who wears this product: infection with opportunistic microorganisms, allergies from saprophytic molds, etc.
Intensive damage to materials predominantly by bacterial and fungal microflora is promoted by a temperature of 25-32 °C and humidity of 75-90%, as well as the skin of a person, for example, the foot, which, thanks to the presence of moisture, fatty and protein substances, vitamins and microelements, is an ideal nutrient medium for development microorganisms. Bacterial cultures die in speed, while fungal cultures, on the contrary, continue to multiply intensively. This is due to the fact that the composition of chrome leather, from which shoes are mainly made, includes chromium salts with bactericidal activity.
Tanneries produce shoe leathers, both for the upper and for lining using traditional technologies. It provides for soaking-ash, tanning and dyeing-fatty processes and operations. To give the skin a beautiful appearance, neck and the final formation of physical and mechanical properties, as well as the quality of the skin, finishing finishing operations are carried out.
Today, biocidal leather processing technologies for shoes are known, which include the processing of leather or semi-finished products at the stages of
tanning, dyeing and greasing processes, as well as during finishing operations. Modified skin includes a collagen base of a multilevel structural organization, tanning, fatliquoring compounds and a biocidal additive. Biocidal formulations are used in the form of latexes, emulsions and solutions.
The development of biologically active drugs to prevent the emergence and spread of bacteria and fungi is a global problem that requires an early solution to this problem. In this aspect, the problem of protecting natural leather for shoes from fungus and mold is especially important for our republic, where on warm, sunny days they begin to multiply rapidly.
One of the ways to effectively solve this problem is the use of special chemicals for processing lining materials (leather, fabric, etc.), which provide shoe comfort, protection from fungus, mold and other harmful bacteria and microorganisms.
In this regard, derivatives based on heterocyclic compounds are of theoretical and practical interest because of their high reactivity and widespread use in medical practice as antimicrobial, antiseptic, and other agents.
Heterocyclic compounds, being unique compounds in their biological and practical significant properties, have so far attracted the attention of numerous researchers in the world engaged in the search for new biologically active substances, due to their widespread use and synthetic capabilities. Extensive information on the modification and properties of heterocyclic compounds is covered in many literature. Nevertheless, the possibilities of their chemical modification are far from exhausted and have broad prospects in terms of the synthesis of new biologically active compounds on their basis.
Experimental studies have been carried out on the possibility of using the developed antibacterial tissues as a lining for safety shoes. Teak-twill fabric was made in the "Weaving" laboratory, dyeing and impregnation of the fabric with experimental antibacterial compositions was carried out in the laboratory of the department of "Chemical Technology".
The results of studies of the effect of antibacterial impregnation and dyeing of twill fabric on its physi-comechanical and hygienic properties, conducted in the TITLP certification laboratory, made it possible to draw the conclusion that it is possible to use un-painted teak twill as materials for the main lining and the insole in safety shoes [7].
Experimental studies of various in structure lining materials of the Italian company "Siretessile". The main composition of the cushioning material
is 100% polyamide with antibacterial impregnation, with a different structure of knitted and polyester film, duplicated by fire or heat.
Thus, the results of studies of heat conductivity, water permeability and breathability, cushioning antibacterial materials made it possible to determine the structure of the composite material, the basic composition and technology of their production, allowing to determine the main directions for further research.
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