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№ 3 (120)_m ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ_март. 2024 г.
DOI - 10.32743/UniTech.2024.120.3.17014
OBTAINING SIZING COMPOSITIONS AS A NEW SAMPLE FOR COTTON YARN AND STUDYING THEIR PHYSICAL-RHEOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Laziz Shokirov
Assistant,
Bukhara Institute of Engineering and Technology, The Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara E-mail: laziz. shakirov. 85@mail.ru
Baxadirjon Xasanov
Cand. tech. sciences, docent, Tashkent Textile and Light Industry Institute, The Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: laziz. shakirov. 85@mail.ru
Temirbek Naubeev
Cand. chem. sciences, docent, Karakalpak State University The Republic of Uzbekistan, Nukus E-mail: timan 05@mail. ru
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ СОСТАВОВ ШЛИХТЫ В КАЧЕСТВЕ НОВОГО ОБРАЗЦА ДЛЯ ХЛОПЧАТОБУМАЖНОЙ ПРЯЖИ И ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИХ ФИЗИКО-РЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ
Шокиров Лазиз Бахтиёрович
ассистент,
Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара
Хасанов Бахадиржон Кимсанбаевич
канд. техн. наук, доц.,
Ташкентский институт текстильной и легкой промышленности,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент
Наубеев Темирбек Хасетуллаевич
канд. хим. наук, доцент Каракалпакского Государственного университета Республика Узбекистан, г. Нукус
ABSTRACT
В данной статье получен новый образец крахмальных композиций с пониженной концентрацией крахмала. Состав крахмальных композиций состоит из крахмала, натриево-натриевой соли акриловой кислоты и атактического порошка полипропилена. Изучены физико-реологические свойства этих составов шлихты, а также изменение концентрации этих компонентов, диффузионные свойства в растворах шлихты. Изучены физико-механические свойства новых образцов шлихтовых композитов и изучены сорбционные свойства.
АННОТАЦИЯ
In this article, a new sample of starch compositions with a reduced concentration of starch has been obtained. The composition of starch compositions consists of starch, sodium acrylic acid and atactic polypropylene powder. The physical and rheological properties of these sizing compositions were studied, as well as changes in the concentration of these components and diffusion properties in sizing solutions. The physical and mechanical properties of new samples of sizing composites were studied and the sorption properties were studied.
Библиографическое описание: Shokirov L., Xasanov B., Naubeev T. OBTAINING SIZING COMPOSITIONS AS A NEW SAMPLE FOR COTTON YARN AND STUDYING THEIR PHYSICAL-RHEOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2024. 3(120). URL: https://7universum. com/ru/tech/archive/item/17014
Keywords: starch, sodium salt of acrylic acid, cotton threads, viscosity, fluidity, sorption, diffusion. Ключевые слова: крахмал, натриевая соль акриловой кислоты, хлопчатобумажные нити, вязкость, текучесть, сорбция, диффузия.
Introduction
There are the following strict requirements for the honing process and hohor compositions. The weaving process is a physico-mechanical process in which the yarns are pulled from the yarn rollers, dipped in the yarn and glued, the yarns are compressed, dried and wound on the weaving loom.
Ash compositions should have the following characteristics:
• The surface of the thread should not only be covered with a smooth crust, but should be partially absorbed and absorbed: for this, the maple should have the same homogeneous composition, be sufficiently sticky, slimy to a certain extent, and form a hard crust when it dries [1]
• It should not spill, the thread should not be flexible and should not break.
• The properties of the thread should not be disturbed and the dye should not be changed.
• Threads should be sufficiently water permeable to absorb moisture from the air.
• The shell should have antistatic properties, that is, it should not generate static charges in the fiber during friction.
• Antiseptic properties, that is, the yarn should not rot and lose its properties.
• The recipe should contain cheap and non-food products.
• It is necessary to remove agar easily from the composition of gazmol, because agar is used for processing gazmol in the finishing plant, therefore, when the agar mass is passed through the agar washing process, its solubility in water should be good [2, 3].
Materials and methods
The composition of ohar in the preparation of ohar depends on many factors, for example, the type of fiber products, the linearity and hardness of the non-ohar thread, and various other factors. In the preparation of kalava yarns with different texture, different composition of ohor is prepared. During the preparation of agar, 18 l of water was poured into a pre-prepared agar pot equipped with a special mixer and heat heaters, and after adding special reagents, AKNa 05-1.0 and PP(A) 0.7-1.2% were added to the mixture and mixed. and the mixture was boiled. Then water was added when it reached 20 l, and after mixing for 5-6 minutes, the mixture was considered ready for use. Effects of AKNa and PP(A) concentration on modified ocher compositions on physico-rheological and physico-mechanical properties of ocher yarns of 18.5 and 29.5 tex were investigated [4,5].
Results
Preparation of ohor and composition of ohor depends on many factors. Depending on the type of fiber product, the variability of the linear density of the yarns in the yarn, and the introduction of produced gases, the composition of the yarn can be changed. Taking into account the above factors, a separate table was prepared for each 18.5 and 29.4 tex yarn. One of the most important features in the preparation of ohor is the percentage of each component in relation to the total volume. The main goal was to reduce starch and expensive chemical reagents in the composition of ohor, and by modifying the sodium salt of acrylic acid and (atactic) polypropylene substances formed in the alkaline environment of hypan, highly effective compositions were obtained, and the physico-rheological and physical-mechanical properties of these ohor compositions were obtained is listed in the following tables.
Table 1.
Values
18.5 tex brand tan yarn with a new type of modified core composition
Composition of components Composition of modified compositions of ocher
20 l H2O 1-sample 2- sample 3- sample 4- sample 5- sample 6- sample
Starch, C% 10 9,5 9,0 8,5 8,0 7,5
PPMA, C% 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,0 1,5
Chloramine, C% 0,035 0,03 0,025 0,02 0,02 0,02
AKNa, C% 0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90 1,0
PP(A), C% 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2
Cotton oil, C% 0,08 0,08 0,08 0,07 0,06 0,06
The starch modification with AKNa and polypropylene (atactic) proposed by us led to changes in yarn properties during spinning and the results are
shown in the table below. As a result of this, the weight of the thread on the skin increased, the density of the thread changed.
Table 2.
Values
Physical and rheological properties of a new type of modified ocher applied to 18.5 text tan yarns
Modified ocher composition ViscosityPa-c Yield strength, Pa Clostridium property Stickiness
Flow time, s Dry residue, %
1 - example 1,59 66,42 87,15 6,85 4,95
2 - example 1,71 73,58 158,36 7,61 5,66
3 - example 1,48 58,16 110,55 5,52 4,03
4- example 1,24 43,34 78,12 4,20 3,87
5 - example 1,35 32,69 88,34 5,01 4,26
6 - example 1,42 24,68 93,72 4,98 4,31
By gradually reducing the starch and PVS substances in the starch-based modified ohor compositions, the following regents were added to 20 liters of water with changes in the concentration of AKNa and PP(A) components by 0.8-1.5%. After successive addition of the mixtures, the mixture was heated to 85-105 oC for 10 minutes and mixed. When the colloidal dispersed medium and the dispersed phase became homogeneous, it was heated and boiled at a temperature of up to 95 oC, and then the ohor was ready. In the preparation of ohor, it was strictly observed taking into account the volume
of component concentrations, temperature regime and boiling time when heated. The composition of modified ohor compositions is presented in the table below.
The concentration of starch, PP(A) and sodium salt of acrylic acid in the loom depends on the type and properties of the yarn in the loom, as well as the conditions of its use on the loom. For this reason, preliminary research was carried out to determine the suitable concentrations of starch, PP(A), AKNa. Tables 3.9 and 3.10 show the results of thread bleaching on the basis of a starch-based solution modified with AKNa and PP(A) compounds.
Table 3.
Values
Tensile characteristics of 18.5 tex tan yarns of modified ocher composites
Modified ocher composition Disruptive load H, cH, Krc Disruption in crawling, % Adhesion, level K, % Absorption rate of the ash, %
1 - sample 267,7 3,61 2,63 96,58
2 - sample 278,6 3,23 2,68 82,51
3 - sample 284,2 3,04 2,85 65,53
4- sample 275.1 3,69 2,93 76,57
5 - sample 282,3 4,17 3,15 84,59
6 - sample 295,0 4,03 3,01 79,61
From the obtained results, it can be seen that the breaking load, the breaking value of the thread and the adhesion depend to a certain extent on the concentration of the components in the core and the saturation property[6]. The use of modified compositions of starch with AKNa and PP(A) in weaving yarns allows to increase its strength and reduce breakage of yarns. There should be no retrogradation in the solution and in the dyed thread, which complicates the washing of the dye from the fabric. High viscosity, corrosion resistance is desirable. When starch is destroyed, products with low viscosity and good stability can be obtained. The shortcoming in this is the reduction of adhesive property and the formation of a film during the breakdown of amylose chains. These defects were eliminated with
the use of softening compositions. In addition, it is possible to improve the characteristics of film formation with synthetic polymers that dissolve slowly in water. First of all, products that give high hydroplasticity to the starch film are of interest, then oils are waxes, which ensure sufficient smoothness of the film. The mixing of starch with AKNa and PP(A) allows to improve film formation and adhesive properties.
The influence of temperature on the viscosity of 6 different samples made of modified ocher compositions was studied, and at the same time, the changes in the degree of fluidity of the samples and the effect of their thixotropic recovery levels are presented in the graphs below.
Figure 1. Effect of temperature change on viscosity in MOCs Sample 3
Pa'S
2,0 - -
1,6 —
1.2
O u
m 0.8
0,4 —
20 40 60 80 100 °c
temperature
Figure 3. Effect of temperature change on viscosity in MOCs Sample 5
Stixotropic properties of 6 different samples of modified ocher compositions were studied in these graphs. Such a gradual restoration of the structure and increase in its strength occurs not only when the system is at rest, but also when the initial structure of the system is disturbed. The increase in the viscosity and strength of the structure is more evident the higher the amount of AKNa in the system. Due to their high adhesion properties, synthetic polymers are becoming increasingly
Figure 2. Effect of temperature change on viscosity in MOCs Sample 4
Figure 4. Effect of temperature change on viscosity in MOCs Sample 6
important as bleaching agents for bleaching cotton yarns. The easy change of the chemical composition of these compounds allows their properties to be widely used, which is more difficult to do with other group of polymers. Therefore, in this section, the experimental results of the influence of starch solutions with AKNa, PP(A), which are part of the softening material, on the structure and mechanical properties were presented.
Figure 5. Correlation of modified ash composition with yield strength and txotropic recovery of samples
As can be seen from these graphs, with the decrease in the amount of starch in the composition of the modified composite agar, the change in the viscosity of different samples of starch pastes (g=27 cm -1) used at different temperatures is given. It can be seen that the decrease in the concentration of starch and the increase in the amount of AKNa and PP(A) in the composition of the samples significantly affects the level of fluidity and improves the level of thixotropic recovery and is the same as the actual ohor properties. It provides information about the formation of a complex with starch by AKNa and PP(A), because there is a possibility of the presence of hydroxyl groups in the macromolecule of starch (its constituents - amylose and amylopectin) for the state of complex formation (2, 42A distance at an angle of 1090). Formation of complexes can be intramolecular and intermolecular. The formation of such complexes leads to a decrease in the mobility of the chains, that is,
the limitation of thermal movement in them, the structuring of the system and the formation of a more fragile chain, and as a result, it can lead to an increase in the level of thixotropic recovery of the system.
Conclusion
We obtained the following results when we conducted a study of the proposed ohar composition on non-ohar and ohar threads using a scanning electron microscope. The decrease in thread breakage during bleaching is explained by the high fluidity of the solution of modified bleaching compositions, the formation of a very strong adhesive film upon drying. Due to these properties, the solution is easily absorbed into the thread, after drying it gives strength and elasticity to the thread fibers and protects them from mechanical damage.
Figure 7 (a) The appearance of a thread in an unbraided body with 18.5 tex
Figure. 7 (b) Sample-4. 18.5 tex view of the yarn
Figure 8 (a) The appearance of a thread in an unbraided body with 18.5 tex
Figure 8 (b) Sample-5 18.5 tex yarn view
Figure 9. (a) The appearance of a thread in a non-woven fabric with 18.5 tex
Figure 9 (b) Sample-4 18.5 tex yarn view
In order to withstand the friction and resistance created during the process of forming the threads, the stretched tan has become more durable, elastic and moisture resistant compared to the smooth, soft thread. Modified
ocher compositions formed a film on the yarn surface. The results of the research showed that it was proved that the bond between the adhesive AKNa and PP(A) and the breaking load of the yarn was increased.
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