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№ 9 (126)
сентябрь, 2024 г.
OBTAINING PHOSPHORUS AND BORON PRESERVING OLIGOMER FIRE RETARDANTS AND THEIR ANALYSIS
Bahrom Mukhitdinov
PhD,
Head of Department, Research Institute of Public Safety and Emergency Situations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: _ iamshidxalilov885@gmail.com
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ОЛИГОМЕРНЫХ АНТИПИРЕНОВ, СОХРАНЯЮЩИХ ФОСФОР И БОР,
И ИХ АНАЛИЗ
Мухитдинов Бахром Баходир угли
PhD,
Начальник отдела Научно-исследовательского института общественной безопасности и чрезвычайных ситуаций Министерства по чрезвычайным ситуациям Республики Узбекистан,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент
ABSTRACT
The article reports on the production of oligomeric fire retardants containing phosphorus and boron. The functional groups of the initial substances and synthesized fire retardants were analyzed by the IR spectral method, as well as the composition of the obtained material by the SEM method, and the fire-resistant properties were studied by thermal analysis methods. The structure, composition, and physicochemical properties of the obtained fire retardants were studied. The percentages of substance change at different temperatures upon addition of the stored oligomer were determined.
АННОТАЦИЯ
В статье сообщается о получении олигомерных антипиренов, содержащих фосфор и бор. Методом ИК-спектров проанализированы функциональные группы исходных веществ и синтезированных антипиринов, а также состав полученного материала методом СЭМ, а также методами термического анализа изучены огнестойкие свойства. Изучены строение, состав и физико-химические свойства полученных антипиринов. Определены проценты изменения вещества при различных температурах при добавлении хранимого олигомера.
Keywords: phosphorus, boric acid, oligomer fire antiphene, ammafos, aluminum oxide, oxygen index, thermal analysis.
Ключевые слова: фосфор, борная кислота, олигомерный огнестойкий антифен, аммафос, оксид алюминия, кислородный индекс, термический анализ.
Introduction. The analysis of statistical data registered at the world level shows that in recent years. In order to reduce the amount of damage observed by experts in the field, the treatment of wooden structures of buildings and structures with fire-resistant coatings is recommended as a necessary measure aimed at preventing the amount of secondary damage that occurs [1].
At this point, in accordance with these recommendations, the demand for fire protection coatings for wooden structures and other building materials in buildings is increasing year by year, which is the reason for the large-scale production of coatings [2].
The purpose of the article. To increase the fire resistance of wooden materials, the following research methods are used in obtaining phosphorus and boron containing oligomer fire retardants:
The method of experimental determination of the group of hard-burning and combustible solid fashion and materials according to GOST 12.1.044-89, smoke generation coefficient of building materials according to GOST 12.1.044-89, fire protection agents for wooden materials according to GOSt 16363-98 test procedures were carried out.
Methods of obtaining and research. Processes of modification of flame retardants with Hypan were carried out in the reactor at different ratios and temperatures Modification is carried out at a temperature of 80-100oC using 10-20% solutions of flame retardants in water.
100 ml of Hypan was placed in the reactor, the temperature was 80-100 °C and the proposed oligomeric flame retardant was slowly added dropwise with stirring. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for several hours to obtain a viscous polymer. (Fig-1).
Библиографическое описание: Mukhitdinov B. OBTAINING PHOSPHORUS AND BORON PRESERVING OLIGOMER FIRE RETARDANTS AND THEIR ANALYSIS // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2024. 9(126). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/18229
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ceHTflGpb, 2024 r.
K .r ' mm
A A Vfe-Z, -
A k-2
Figure 1. Appearance of hypan mixtures modified with oligomeric flame retardants
The modification of Hypan with the oligomeric flame retardants contained in it is probably partially modified as a result of the interaction of the existing hydroxyl and carbamide amine groups in phosphorus and boron-containing bonds with the SONH2 and COONa functional groups in Hypan. The modified Hypan and flame retardant-forming bonds improve the film-forming
properties as a result of the partial loss of water solubility of Hypan.
With the increase in the concentration of the aqueous solution of fire retardants containing phosphorus and boron, coke formation of modified polymer films is observed (Table 1).
Table 1.
Temperature-induced coke formation of Hypan modified with phosphorus and boron-containing oligomeric
flame retardants
Concentration of flame retardants,% Coke residue,%
2500C 4500C 6000C
A sample of Hypan 51.5 5.4 2.3
AB-1
5.0 57.6 10.7 8.7
10.0 70.3 16.7 12.4
15.0 90.6 30.8 24.5
AB-3
5.0 55.4 11.3 8.3
10.0 68.7 15.4 11.7
15.0 89.8 29.7 25.9
Addition of the proposed flame retardants to a 20% aqueous solution of Hypanni in different concentrations leads to an increase in the formation of coke layers due to thermal oxidation (Table 1).
Experimental part. The oxygen index increases with the increase in the concentration of the flame retardant solution in Hypan-based films. (Fig. 2).
Figure 2. IR-spectroscopic analysis of Hypan
During the hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile, a hypane product containing -NH2 and -SOON functional groups is obtained. As can be seen from the IR spectrum of Hypanni, the absorption lines appearing in the region of 1400-1600 cm-1 are characteristic of asymmetric stretching vibrations of functional groups -COONa.
Functional group - COONa has absorption lines characteristic of symmetric stretching vibrations in the region of 1400 cm-1. In addition, the absorption lines appearing in the region of 3000-3200 cm-1 indicate the presence of the functional group -CONH2 in the raw material.
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ceHTflGpb, 2024 r.
Figure 3. IR-spectroscopic analysis of Hypan modified with AB-1 flame retardants
When IR-spectroscopy of modified coatings compared to IR-spectroscopy of GIPAN was studied, it was found that absorption lines of flame retardants of AB-1 and AB-2 brands were updated with phosphorous, nitrogen and boron-containing bonds, while initial absorption lines of Hypan were clearly visible.
Results and their discussion. When studying the results of electron-microscope analyzes of wood materials based on pine and poplar not treated with fire-resistant polymer emulsions, the structure of samples not treated with fire-resistant coating was clearly analyzed, and as a result, we could observe the structure in a linear state. In the analyzed elemental analysis (Fig. 4).
Figure 4. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and elemental analysis of wood materials based on pine (A and A/1)
and poplar (V and V/2) untreated with flame retardants
Homogeneous distribution of various phosphorus, nitrogen and boron groups on the surface of fire-resistant polymer coatings indicates the high adhesion properties of these polymer composites. The reason is that when the polymer coating is viewed under an electron microscope, it can be seen that the water-emulsion
lacquer products meet the requirements, while the composite is well mixed.
According to GOST 16363-98, fire-resistant properties of wooden materials treated with FB-6 fire retardants were investigated.
Table 2.
Investigation of fire-resistant properties of wooden materials treated with AB-1 fire retardants
№ Time, p Mass., g Mass loss
Effect of flame source Spontaneous ignition Ignition time until experience After the experiment Gr %
1 120 10 5 145,78 143,89 1,89 1,30
2 120 11 7 148,32 146,36 1,96 1,34
3 120 11 7 146,68 144,75 1,93 1,31
mass loss of samples (arithmetic mean) %: 1,31
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In Table 2, according to the experiment, the results of the investigation of fire-resistant properties of wooden materials treated with AV-1 fire retardants showed that the mass loss of the average sample of fire-resistant wood materials was 1.31%. This indicates that the fire-resistant materials are of group 1 composition.
Conclusion. It can be seen from the data obtained in the experimental test results that the fire resistance
сентябрь, 2024 г.
efficiency of wood materials treated with AB-1 and AB-2 oligomeric fire retardants is included in group I. It was found that when wooden materials are treated with a 20% solution of the proposed flame retardants, the flame retardant remains in the inner layer after it penetrates deep into the surface layer and is hardened. Thus, the analysis of the research results shows the prospects for the development and use of boron-containing oligomeric flame retardants.
References:
1. Мухитдинов Б.Б., Ширинов Ш.Д., Нуркулов Ф.Н., Джалилов А.Т. Фосфор ва бор саклаган янги авлод олигомер антипиренлари билан модификацияланган ёгоч курилиш материалларни хусусиятларни тадкик этиш// Eurasian journal of academic research. https://in-academy.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/4319. 2022 у. Volume 2(11), 152-156 б.
2. Мухитдинов Б.Б., Нуркулов Ф.Н., Джалилов А.Т. Investigation of the production and physico-chemical properties of modern flame retardants// Universum: технические науки: электрон. научн. журн. 2023. 7(112). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/15722.
3. Mozetic, M. Surface Modification to Improve Properties of Materials. Materials 2019, 12, 441.
4. https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/flame-retardant flame retardant chemicals market - growth, trends impact, 2023.
