CC BY
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УДК 81-11 ГРНТИ 16.21.07
OBJECTIVES OF MODERN COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS
Klyuchnikova Larisa Vitalievna
PhD, Associate Professor of Philology Achinsk branch of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University Russia, the city of Achinsk
Abstract: The article gives a brief description of modern cognitive linguistics objectives and aims. The main definitions are indicated here as the basis of cognitive linguistics. The importance of cognitive linguistics for modern science is underlined. The work observes the relationship between language and cognitive processing in the human brain. The article is a summary of the principle cognitive linguistics propositions. The publication describes cognitive linguistics as not a theory but as the method of language analysis based on theoretical postulates. The summary depicts the relevance of cognitive linguistics for teaching and studying the second language. The publication stresses the role of cognitive linguistics in the processes of cognition and comprehension of the world.
Keywords: cognitive linguistics, concept, objective, language, consciousness, a model, basis, knowledge, information.
Cognitive linguistics plays a great role in the processes of cognition and understanding of the world. The main objective of cognitive linguistics is to study cognitive mechanisms: the processes of perception, categorization and grouping and develop possible language models. The language gives us the natural access to consciousness and cognitive processes. Modern linguists have given relevant concepts for speakers and linguistic research focuses on the processes of obtaining, processing, and storing information. Cognitive linguistics observes the relationship between language and cognitive processing in the human brain. Cognitive linguistics describes a language as a general cognitive mechanism as a cognitive system of signs that plays a role in the representation and transformation of information.
The main issue of cognitive linguistics is the creating of a model of language communication as a basis for knowledge exchange. Cognitive linguistics studies language and cognition. One of the central view in cognitive linguistics is that language reflects conceptual frame and the study of language can give information of the mental language structures. One of the goals of this field is to determine the mental representations constructed during linguistic behavior. Great research has been provided by American linguists such as Fauconnier, Lakoff, Langacker. The research uses the methods of introspection and rational reasoning as well as lexical decision, memory measures, item recognition measures. These methods are based on observing an experimental measure to make results on the mental representations constructed by a linguistic unit. The research of the nature of concepts in cognitive linguistics has great importance. The problem of their distinction is the most difficult in linguistics. Concepts are intermediaries between words and extra linguistic reality. They are a kind of symbols, emblems, indicating the text. Studies of the nature of the concept produce a vast number of different points of view. Concept notion gives many scientific definitions. A concept is a sort of expression of meaning that a man operates in his speech. The meaning of a word is the object to which this word is applied. For people concepts represent the world creating a conceptual system and the signs of the human language hide the essence of this system.
The value of using cognitive linguistics for language teaching is very important. Cognitive linguistics has strong recognition by second language teachers. Symbolic units form the language. All linguistic units have their meaning. To explore the meaning of a language expression it is necessary to find their traditional linguistic choices, the text of usage, and the
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situational knowledge. Cognitive linguistics makes language learning easy for the second language learners. To uncover the importance of cognitive linguistics for the second language teaching is very useful for the work of language teachers. Application of cognitive grammar for pedagogical grammar means learning the forms of the language and learning the conceptual structures of these forms. It is essential to know the typical difficulties of the learners in teaching second language. Attention to form is important in helping learners notice linguistic signals while studying complicated linguistic forms. The prototype of task oriented language teaching is suitable to the basic cognitive postulates. They give a rich start for other combinations. Tasks enable second language learners with an opportunity to produce language in circumstances resembling an authentic language acquisition environment. Cognitive linguistics approach to teaching second language vocabulary has wide and popular usage as well.
Список литературы:
1. Croft, William and D. Alan Cruse Cognitive Linguistics. - Cambridge University Press, 2004
2. Evans, Vyvyan, and Melanie Green Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. -Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
3. Dancygier, Barbara Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics. - Cambridge University Press, 2017.
