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разместить в любом месте экрана; - Полноэкранное окно; - Окно, сгруппированное в виде кнопки на панели задач. Окна можно сгруппировать по типу в окна программ, окна документов, диалоговые окна и окна диагностики. Программы размещаются в окне «Программы». В окне вы можете открывать и закрывать окно программы, изменять положение и размер окна, выполнять поиск по окну, а также располагать окно на экране. Элементами окна программы являются: - Строка заголовка (слева находится системное меню, кнопки справа меняют отображаемое на экране) - Строка меню; - Панель инструментов; - Объем работ; - Зона циркуляции; - Строка состояния.
Ниже перечислены основные элементы диалогового окна: - Слой (на русском языке вкладка, английская вкладка); - Кнопка (Кнопка); - Трансмиссия; - Текстовое поле; - Список; - Кнопка «Открыть список»; - Немного; - Индикатор; - Переключатель полосы движения. В Windows используются 4 типа меню: - Главное меню (открывается кнопкой «Пуск»); - Строка меню в меню «Дополнения» (доступна во всех программах, работающих на Windows); - Системное меню во вложениях (для изменения размера и положения окна); - Контекстное меню (контекстное меню на английском языке). Список использованной литературы:
1. А.Н. Гуда, М.А. Бутакова, Н.М. Нечитайло, А.В. Чернов. Информатика. - М.: Наука пресс, 2007.
2. О.Л. Гусева. Практикум по Visual Basic. - М.: Финансы и статистика, 2007.
3. Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 для профессианалов. Шаг за шагом: Практ.пособ. /Пер. с англ. - М.: Издательство ЭКОМ, 2001.
4. Основы геоинформатики: в 2 кн. ч.1. -М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2004.
© Овезова М., Гарабаев А., Солтанов К., Гурбанмырадов Ш., 2023
УДК 62
Сарыев Н.
Заведующий кафедрой Институт телекоммуникаций и информатики Туркменистана
г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан Назаров Т. Преподаватель
Институт телекоммуникаций и информатики Туркменистана
г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан Шаханов Г. Преподаватель
Институт телекоммуникаций и информатики Туркменистана
г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИОННОЙ
ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ В ТУРКМЕНИСТАНЕ
Аннотация
Проведен комплексный анализ современного состояния и перспективных направлений развития информационно-телекоммуникационной инфраструктуры в Туркменистане. Обоснована важность международного сотрудничества сфере модернизации телекоммуникационной сферы с такими странами, как Китайская Народная Республика, Франция и Германия. Дана оценка возможностям
использования в стране мультисервисных биллинговых платформ. Сделан вывод об успешном внедрении и функционировании официального интернет-портала государственных услуг.
Ключевые слова
информационно-телекоммуникационная сфера, транзитные каналы связи, интернет-услуги, волоконно-оптические системы передачи информации, цифровое образование, электронная промышленность.
Saryev N.
Head of chair
Institute of Telecommunications and Informatics of Turkmenistan
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Nazarov T.
Lecturer
Institute of Telecommunications and Informatics of Turkmenistan
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Shakhanov G.
Lecturer
Institute of Telecommunications and Informatics of Turkmenistan
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
SOME ASPECTS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION
INFRASTRUCTURE IN TURKMENISTAN
Abstract
A comprehensive analysis of the current state and promising directions for the development of information and telecommunications infrastructure in Turkmenistan has been carried out. The importance of international cooperation in the field of telecommunications modernization with countries such as the People's Republic of China, France and Germany is substantiated. The assessment of the possibilities of using multiservice billing platforms in the country is given. The conclusion is made about the successful implementation and functioning of the official Internet portal of public services.
Keywords
information and telecommunication sphere, transit communication channels, Internet services, fiber-optic information transmission systems, digital education, electronic industry.
In independent and neutral Turkmenistan, the purposeful policy of respected President Serdar Berdimuhamedov to integrate the country into the world community has become the basis for global modernization and development of the domestic information and telecommunications sector based on modern digital technology [1]. The telephone sector has been particularly transformed. So, in our country, on the basis of the equipment of the German company Siemens, digital international intercity equipment was installed, which made it possible to organize direct flights with many countries of the world. The same equipment was installed in all velayat centers, which provided regional subscribers with high-quality communications.
Realizing the importance of introducing modern means of receiving and transmitting information into the field of communications, our state invests heavily in the further development of telecommunications infrastructure. Modern digital communication technology conforming to international standards, as well as highspeed digital and fiber-optic transmission systems are used to modernize networks. All incoming foreign equipment has quality certificates in accordance with the ISO-9001 series standard.
As a result of mutually beneficial international cooperation, the Government of the friendly People's
Republic of China has allocated a grant aimed at introducing innovations into the telecommunications infrastructure of Turkmenistan. Thus, due to the large increase in the number of digital subscriber lines, the interstation system, which unites all automatic telephone exchanges in the capital, was transferred to a higher level, which significantly increased the number of connecting communication channels. In Ashgabat itself, radiotelephone communication equipment operating in the modern CDMA standard was put into operation. The beginning of a new direction in the development of the telecommunications infrastructure of our country was laid by cooperation with the German company "Siemens AG", as a result of which residents and guests of the capital of the country were provided with cellular communications. Also, some of the equipment was placed in the velayat centers and large cities of our country. In order to provide high-quality service to subscribers of the national network, the Altyn Asyr cellular communications enterprise was established under the Ministry of Communications of Turkmenistan, which is a structural unit of the State Telecommunications Company Turkmentelecom. Currently, transformations in the field of information and telecommunications infrastructure have also affected the broadcasting of Turkmenistan. A joint Turkmen-French project has made it possible to completely modernize the television center of the national television. The current stage of modernization of communication systems in Turkmenistan provides for the implementation of several major programs, each of which is aimed at a specific segment of the industry. Due to the growing demands of the population, the national operator Altyn Asyr should reach full and universal provision of Turkmenistan with this type of communication, including 3G, 4G, and in the near future 5G high-speed Internet and other services. With the implementation of this project, coverage across the country will be almost one hundred percent.
One of the programs is aimed at developing modern wired telephony, which supports new generation standards such as NGN (Next Generation Network) [2,3]. This technology has advantages such as high efficiency with large volumes of transmitted traffic, which is achieved by reducing operating costs, a wide range of communication services, high data transfer speeds and the ability to combine various networks. It is planned to install multiservice billing platforms for the Ashgabat city telephone exchange. Billing is an automated payment system for communication services rendered. In other words, software that calculates the cost of communication services for each client and stores information about all tariffs and other cost characteristics that are used by telecommunications operators for billing subscribers and settlements with other service providers. With the help of universal billing platforms, you can pay not only for the Internet, communication services, IP telephony, but also for services provided by other departments, for example, utility bills, traffic fines.
For the uninterrupted provision of high-level telecommunications services to consumers, as well as to increase the speed of digital data transmission, fiber-optic cables are provided for buildings, multi-storey residential buildings located in the city of Ashgabat and other settlements of the country. This project, aimed at improving the quality of Internet services, will also significantly improve the exchange of interdepartmental information and introduce new types of electronic services. The portal e.gov.tm -it is an automated information system for the provision of public services in electronic form for citizens and businesses. Here, the "one window" principle allows for centralized receipt of documents from the applicant for services, as well as monitoring compliance with the deadlines for preparing documents and issuing them [4].
The development of electronic services also requires the development of appropriate software in each ministry and department, in the structure of which specialized departments for innovation and new technologies have been created. The relevance of training qualified specialists to ensure the protection of electronic systems from cyber attacks is also increasing [5]. In addition, the objectives of the development of the electronic industry of Turkmenistan and the electronic services system in the country include the establishment of import-substituting production of technical means that record the consumption of natural gas, water, electricity, necessary for the operation of Internet systems of devices and equipment, Wi-Fi routers, modems, IP tuners. Thus, in Turkmenistan, as a result of the comprehensive modernization and diversification of the industry infrastructure, as well as the use of the most advanced equipment and innovations, an extensive communication
system, digital television and radio broadcasting is successfully operating. Список использованной литературы:
1. Serdar Berdimuhamedow. Ya§lar - Watanyn dayanjy. A§gabat: 2023 (на туркменском языке).
2. Вальран Ж., Парех Ш. 3. Коммуникационные сети: краткое введение. Москва: 2023.
3. Назаров Т. Потенциал образовательных кластеров в формировании цифровой экономики Туркменистана / Эксперт года 2021: сборник статей Международного профессионально-исследовательского конкурса. Петрозаводск: 2021.
4. https://e.gov.tm/ - Dowlet hyzmatlarynyn resmi internet portaly / Портал Государственных услуг
5. Козырь Н.С.Гуманитарные аспекты информационной безопасности. Москва: 2023.
© Сарыев Н., Назаров Т., Шаханов Г., 2023
УДК 62
Сейидов М., преподаватель. Мухаммедов М., преподаватель. Аннагулыев М., преподаватель. Оразсахедов Н., преподаватель. Институт инженерно-технических и транспортных коммуникаций Туркменистана.
Ашхабад, Туркменистан.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ГАЗОТУРБИННЫХ УСТАНОВОК В ТЕПЛОТЕХНИКЕ
Аннотация
Турбина низкого давления Компрессор высокого давления использует выхлопные газы турбины для обеспечения мощности, необходимой для привода генератора. Поскольку турбины расположены на разных валах, они работают на разных частотах, независимых друг от друга. Сжатый воздух от компрессора, расположенного на одном валу с турбиной компрессора высокого давления, через регенератор подается в камеру сгорания.
Ключевые слова:
Строительство, газовые работы, арматура, железобетон, строительство, сопротивление.
Seyidov M., teacher. Muhammedov M., teacher.
Annagulyev M., teacher. Orazsakhedov N., teacher.
Institute of Engineering, Technical and Transport Communications of Turkmenistan.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
FEATURES OF GAS TURBINE INSTALLATIONS IN HEATING ENGINEERING
Abstract
Low Pressure Turbine A high pressure compressor uses turbine exhaust gases to provide the power needed
