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NATIONAL CULTURAL-ECOLOGICAL FORMATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE NATIONAL PROGRAM OF PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
V. Bazilevich, student, N. Vnukova, ass. prof., E. Voronova, ass. prof., KHNAHU
Abstract. The article shows the importance and necessity of national cultural-ecological network formation within the framework of the national program of protection of environment and renewal of landscape variety.
Key words: ecological network, environmental, protection of environmental, ecological education.
Introduction
The responsibility to protect nature, its riches is the demand of the Constitution of independent Ukraine. The article 16 of the Ukrainian Constitution reads: "To provide ecological safety and support of the ecological equilibrium on the territory of Ukraine, to overcome the consequences of the Chornobyl catastrophy - catastro-phy of the world wide scale the gene fund of the Ukrainian people is the responsibility of the State».
Only the new generation of people, educated with the respect to life, which realizes the universal value of nature, necessity of the rational use of its resources, and the readines to participate actively in the solution of ecological problems can fulfill such tasks [1].
National cultural-ecological network formation
The decision of the establishing of the ecological network is formulated in recommendations of the European Strategy of preserving biological and landscape variety as European Ecological network (it is the only system of European territories with natural or partly changed landscapes).
Ukraine started creating it's ecological network after the law on "The State Programme of setting national ecological network of Ukraine from 2000 till 2015" dated by 21 September 2000 № 1989-III when it has been adopted.
The main objective of the Programme is the increase of land areas of the country to the level enough for
preserving their inherent status and forming of their integral system to provide ways for plants and animals to migrate and distribute. This system is supposed to preserve ecosystem species of flora and fauna and their population.
By this Programme it is necessary to develop educational tourism for children. Constant ecological education is the basic tendency for implementing the State Programme of developing of ecological knowledge and awareness. The aim of ecological education is to form of scientific knowledge, views to provide liable human attitude to nature. Ecological culture closely connected with education, makes up the ecological sense. The content of ecological education in ecology is to from a system of scientific knowledge, views, attitudes towards the environment. The main tasks can formulate as follows:
- creation of a new type of ecological consciousness;
- adoptation of main ideas and scientific facts which determine optimal influence of the human to the nature under it's laws;
- to master applied knowledge and skills of rational of natural resources usage;
- maximum participation in environmental protection activity, spreading it's ideas of universal attitude of a human beings to nature [2].
The model of suggested ecological education (pic. 1).
The following chart of mobile structure of the ecological tourism and organization of direct ractical and research work of schoolboys is possible (pic. 2).
Pic. 1. Model of the ecological education
Organization of tourist journeys is the primary task at schools. In fact school is the only educational establishment where every man studies. The awareness of the place of the man is just where the awareness of the place of a man in nature is formed, just here the sense of personal responsibility for the results of a man's activity in nature. School children have a sense of unique unity of knowledge and experience, which allows to talk about possibilities of forming of reliable bases of the attitude toward nature. The moral basis formulated in childhood are secured during the whole life [3].
The objective of ecological tourism for children is to explain them the importance of ecological knowledge of preserving natural resources. In particular, it is necessary to explain the following main tendencies:
- the increase of land areas with natural landscape to the level close to their natural status;
- the widening of species of flora and fauna to provide preservation of natural ecosystems;
- information about flora and fauna species and their population;
- preservation of biological variety;
- widening of the idea of environment protection present problems;
- the increase of knowledge about rights and duties of every citizen and the whole society concerning the environment;
- ecological sanitation of poisoned territories. Expected results:
- the increase of the scientific level of control of ecological education of pupils;
- higher efficiency of ecological education and it's optimization on the basis of scientific achievements;
- the improvement of pupils ecological culture by setting ecologically valued principles.
Pic. 2. Chart of mobile structure of ecological tourism
Ecological tourism for children is considered to be not a source of income but a scientific-educational issue in ecology improving ecological knowledge and awareness of different layers of population.
Conclusion
Harmonization of co-operation of humanity with the surrounding world to a great extent takes place because of purposeful pedagogical efforts. High-quality new system of national community must prepare young generation to be able to go out from the state of ecological crisis, overcome non-conscious attitude toward nature [4].
Introduction of child's ecological tourism will allow:
- to bring children closer to nature, to form consciousness about the maintainance of natural resources;
- to acquaint with the influence of industrial enterprises on a natural environment;
- to give practical skills, protect of the environment;
- to acquaint with modern measures, of environmental pollution to be used at the enterprises.
Literature
1. Шевчук В.Я., Сагалкш Ю.М., Бшявський Г.О.
та ш. Еколопчне управлшня. - К.: Либщь, 2004. - 432 с.
2. Лисенко Н.В. Еколопчне виховання дошкшь-
ниюв. - К.: Освгга, 1993.
3. Бшявський Г.О., Фурдуй Р.С. Основи екологгчних
знань: Пщручник. - К.: Либщь, 1997. - 228 с.
4. Кисельов М.М. Феномен екологп: Свггоглядно-
фшосовський аспект // Освгга i управлшня, 1997.
Рецензент: Э.Б. Хоботова, профессор, д.т.н., ХНАДУ.
Статья поступила в редакцию 12 сентября 2006 г.
