Научная статья на тему 'Nanocomposites of graphene-porphyrins for solar cells '

Nanocomposites of graphene-porphyrins for solar cells Текст научной статьи по специальности «Электротехника, электронная техника, информационные технологии»

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Текст научной работы на тему «Nanocomposites of graphene-porphyrins for solar cells »

B-P-1

BIOMEDICAL PHOTONICS

Nanocomposites of graphene-porphyrins for solar cells

G. Gyulkhandanyan1, V. Tuchin2, G. Shmavonyan3

1-Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Armenia, 5/1, P. Sevak st., Yerevan 0014, Armenia 2- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya st., Saratov 410012, Russia 3-NationalPolytechnic University of Armenia, 105, Teryan st., Yerevan 0009, Armenia Main author email address: gvg536898@gmail.com

As photosensitizers, porphyrins are widely used in biophotonics, in particular, for photodynamic therapy of tumors, as well as in phototherapy of microorganisms and viruses. Another rapidly developing area is their use as elements of third-generation solar cells. The first and most important nodal element of a solar battery is a nanocomposite consisting of porphyrins/metalloporphyrins (an effective element for absorbing solar energy) and graphene (a binding element and effectively transferring energy without loss to the next nodal element, the semiconductor part of the battery) [1]. The aim of the study is to develop and obtain a new structure of the key and most important element of the third generation solar battery, consisting of a nanocomposite based on new nanostructures of graphene and porphyrins with a high solar energy conversion efficiency. Porphyrins as photosensitizers can convert solar energy according to the first of three processes, namely - (I) light harvesting and exciton diffusion. A simple synthesis pathway, a high molar extinction coefficient, and a lower fabrication cost compared to other photosensitizers give to porphyrin sensitizers a big advantage [2]. Graphene, which has a high conductivity and unique electronic properties, can convert solar energy by the second of three processes - (II) charge separation. These two substances, porphyrin and graphene, forming a nanocomposite, turned out to be extremely promising and effective in terms of converting solar energy into electrical energy without loss of light energy [1,3]. In order to obtain such nanocomposites, we investigated firstly a number of cationic and anionic porphyrins to study the phenomenon of photobleaching, since this phenomenon can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of collecting sunlight by the porphyrin molecule. The study were carried out in aqueous solutions with cationic porphyrins both metal-free and containing a central Zn atom, as well as with an anionic photosensitizer Al-phthalocyanine in a wide range of concentrations from 10-6 to 10-4 M for 1 to 24 hours. The results showed a significant dependence of photobleaching of all cationic porphyrins on the concentration of the preparation in solution, while Al-phthalocyanine in the whole concentration range from 10-6 to 10-4 M was subject to photobleaching within 24 hours insignificantly. To achieve a homogeneous (equable) incorporation (interaction) of porphyrin molecules with graphene, we studied the solubility of the studied photosensitizers in various organic solvents, for which the solubility of graphene was previously studied: acetonitrile, dimethyl formamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide. All studied compounds of photosensitizers showed good solubility in these solvents in a wide range of concentrations. Severally, we also studied the production of new graphene nanostructures in the same organic solvents by the previously developed substrates rubbing method [4]. Presented results is of great importance for designing novel effective materials and devices for advanced phototherapy systems [5] and wireless electrical power delivery using light through human skin to supply smart implants [6].

[1] B. Mao, B. Hodges, C. Franklin, D. G. Calatayud, S. I. Pascu, Self-Assembled Materials Incorporating Functional Porphyrins and Carbon Nanoplatforms as Building Blocks for Photovoltaic Energy Applications, Front. Chem., vol. 9, pp. 1-36, paper 727574, (2021). doi: 10.3389/fchem.2021.727574

[2] V. Armel, J. M. Pringle, P. Wagner, M. Forsyth, D. Officer, D. R. MacFarlane, Porphyrin Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells Utilising a Solid-State Electrolyte, Chem. Commun., vol. 47, paper 9327, (2011). doi:10.1039/c1cc13205a

[3] R. Ge, X. Wang, C. Zhang, S.-Z. Kang, L. Qin, G. Li, X. Li, The influence of combination mode on the structure and properties of porphyrin-graphene oxide composites, Colloids Surf. A, vol. 483, pp. 45-52, (2015).

[4] G. Sh. Shmavonyan, C. Vázquez-Vázquez, M. A. López-Quintela, Single-step rubbing method for mass production of large-size and defect-free 2D materials, Trans. Mater. Res., vol. 4(2), paper 025001, (2017). doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1613/aa783d

[5] J. Seung Lee, J. Kim, Y.-s. Ye, T.-i. Kim, Materials and device design for advanced phototherapy systems, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 186 114339 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2022.114339

[6] J. Seo, J. Kim, J. Jeong, D. Jung, H. Ju, T. Lee, H. Park, J. Lee, Wireless Electrical Power Delivery Using Light through Soft Skin Tissues under Misalignment and Deformation, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2102586, (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202102586

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