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DOI: 10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-3-73-79
Modular program of the third physical culture lesson for the 5th-6th grades in order to train schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex
tasks (tests) fulfillment
Svetlana S. Galanova*
Chaykovskiy State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport Tchaykovskiy, Russia ORCID: 0000-0002-3433-6819, lana.galanova.92@mail.ru*
Abstract: Nowadays All-Russian physical culture and sports "Ready for Labor and Defense" (RLD) complex introduction into educational establishments should provide health improvement, harmonious and many-sided physical development of a personality, upbringing and involvement into healthy life style, the level of students' physical fitness increase. However, the research results prove that the qualitative and quantitative indices are far from the planned ones. This difference is especially significant in the indices, which characterize the results of work with 11-12 year-old pupils. The aim of the research work is to create the program of training schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex fulfillment. The objectives of the research: to analyze scientific sources of information concerning the results of the III rd stage RLD complex norms fulfillment by schoolchildren and the ways, forms and peculiarities of training schoolchildren; to create modular program of training schoolchildren for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment, based on differentiated approach. Research methods. Information sources analysis and summarizing, testing, comparative analysis, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It is necessary to differentiate the training of schoolchildren in order to organize groups of children according to the level of their physical fitness, not according to the letter of their class. We created the modular program of the third physical culture lesson for the 5th-6th grades in order to train schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex tasks (tests) fulfillment. The aim of the program is to train schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex tasks (tests) fulfillment. Novelty of the program is in the fact that each schoolchild can chose suitable module. It most of all provides successful training for the norms fulfillment. Having fulfilled the norms, which are given in the main physical culture curriculum, a teacher compares the results with the norms of RLD complex and reveals "weak points" of each schoolchild (kinds of tests for the fulfillment of which a child is not ready: physically, technically, tactically...). Thus, from the parallel of classes we form the groups of training schoolchildren for the separate kinds of RLD complex tests fulfillment. The third physical culture lesson is organized in the created groups using the program module. Each module is directed toward the definite physical qualities development and training for the definite kinds of the III rd stage RLD complex tests. At the end of the term additional norms fulfillment is organized. Those, who achieve the desired results, can go to another module. Conclusion. The results of the program introduction into general education establishments of Chaykovskiy urban district of Perm region prove schoolchildren's interest increase in physical culture and the norms of RLD complex fulfillment. Keywords: All-Russian physical culture and sports complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" (RLD), complex, training schoolchildren, the third physical culture lesson, modular program, physical fitness of schoolchildren increase, modules of the schoolchildren training program, norms of RLD complex tasks.
For citation: Svetlana S. Galanova*. Modular program of the third physical culture lesson for the 5th-6th grades in order to train schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex tasks (tests) fulfillment. Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2021; 16(2): 61-65. DOI: 10.14526/20704798-2021-16-3-73-79.
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays All-Russian physical culture and sports "Ready for Labor and Defense" (RLD) complex revival and introduction into educational establishments is expected to provide health
improvement, harmonious and many-sided physical development of a personality, upbringing and involvement into healthy life style, the level of students' physical fitness increase. However, the statistical reports of organizations (within the
jurisdiction of the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation) analysis proves that the existing qualitative and quantitative indices are far from the planned ones.
This difference is especially significant in the indices, which characterize the results of work with 11-12 year-old pupils. In accordance with the age related gradation of RLD complex norms, this age period corresponds with its IlIrd stage. The authors mention the following reasons for such situation: insufficient interaction between administrative apparatus of the municipal, regional and state structures. They are in charge of the work with students and the objectives of All-Russian physical culture RLD complex realization; the system of motives absence, lack of mutual and corresponded efforts made by a family and an educational establishment [1,4,6,7,8,9,10].
However, nowadays the work with students and their parents in terms of training for RLD complex tests fulfillment has fragmentary and sometimes formal character and is not supported by research works. They reveal its organization and program-methodical aspects.
The aim of the research work is to create the program of training schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex fulfillment.
The objectives of the research: to analyze scientific sources of information concerning the results of the III rd stage RLD complex norms fulfillment by schoolchildren and the ways, forms and peculiarities of training schoolchildren; to create modular program of training schoolchildren for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment, based on differentiated approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The results of many research works prove that physical fitness indices in 11-12 year-old schoolchildren are at a very low level, which prevents them from the IIIrd stage RLD complex norms fulfillment. Some scientists, comparing the indices of RLD complex norms fulfillment with the demands made by physical culture programs of different levels of education, come to the conclusion that the norms of RLD complex are "steep demands". This situation doesn't provide successful fulfillment of the norms [3,5].
In order to preclude the possibility of such argumentation we compared the norms of the IIIrd stage RLD complex with the norms created in accordance with the model physical culture programs (authors: V.I. Lyakh, А.А. Zdanevich).
Comparative analysis of the norms helped to state that considerable differences in the range of the control tests results were not in all control tests. According to the range of control tests of the IIIrd stage RLD complex the norms were even lower, than the demands of the school program. For example, in 30 meters running the norms for the 6th grades are the same and even more difficult that in APCC RLD (for example, a boy from the 6th grade should run 30 meters within 5,0 seconds in order to get "5", at the same time, if a boy runs 30 meters within 5,1 seconds, he can fulfill the norm of the IIIrd stage RLD complex and get golden badge).
The analysis showed that only the norms of two control tests of RLD complex: "Body lifting from dorsal position" and "2 km cross country ski race" are considerably higher, than the norms of physical culture program.
We come to the conclusion that a schoolchild, who fulfills the norms of the control tests, provided by physical culture program, is completely ready for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment. Paradoxical are the results of an official statistics and many research works. They prove low effectiveness of training schoolchildren for the norms of the IIIrd stage RLD complex fulfillment.
In our opinion, the main reason, which conditions this contradiction appearance, is a low level of motivation (or absence of motivation) in 11-12 year-old schoolchildren for the norms of the IIIrd stage RLD complex fulfillment. This situation demands taking this reason into consideration, when program-methodical support creation and organization [2].
Research Results and Discussion
One of the factors, which influence schoolchildren's motivation, is a low level of physical fitness. It causes disinclination to fulfill the norms among coevals. We offer to differentiate training among schoolchildren in order to form groups of children according to the level of their physical fitness, not according to the letter of their class. We
created the modular program of the third physical culture lesson for the 5th-6th grades in order to train schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex tasks (tests) fulfillment.
The aim of the program is to train schoolchildren for the norms of the III rd stage RLD complex tasks (tests) fulfillment.
The main aim of the program realization provides the following objectives solution:
1. Physical health improvement, main physical qualities development.
2. Mastering knowledge concerning physical culture and sport and their role in a healthy life style formation, including RLD complex.
3. Schoolchildren's interest in physical culture lesson, sport formation, motivation for the norms of RLD complex fulfillment formation.
The urgency of the program is conditioned by the third hour of physical culture introduction and the necessity to define its content (for teachers, especially for not experienced specialists) in terms of successful RLD complex norms fulfillment. The program should be used in terms of "Physical culture" subject (1 hour a week). General amount of hours during the academic year for the program realization at the 5th-6th grades is 34 hours.
Novelty of the program is in the fact that each schoolchild can chose suitable module, which most of all provides successful training for the norms fulfillment. Having fulfilled the norms, which are given in the main physical culture curriculum, a teacher compares the results with the norms of RLD complex and reveals "weak points" of each schoolchild (kinds of tests for the fulfillment of which a child is not ready: physically, technically, tactically...). Thus, from the parallel of classes we form the groups of training schoolchildren for the separate kinds of RLD complex tests fulfillment. The third physical culture lesson is organized in the created groups using the program module. Each module is directed toward the definite physical qualities development and training for the definite kinds of tests of the III rd stage RLD complex. At the end of the term additional norms fulfillment is organized. Those, who achieve the desired results, can go to another module.
Modules provide physical and technical
training of schoolchildren by means included into the program, depending on the unit (for example, elements and exercises of basketball, gymnastics and others).In order to increase the interest in the lessons outdoor games were included into the program. Games form important skills of mutual work, communication among schoolchildren. Games develop the following: responsibility, schoolchildren's ability to take care of friends, ability to sympathize and empathize, understand joy and sorrow, defeat and victory.
The content of modular program can be added and corrected depending on schoolchildren's fitness level, their interest in lessons and the conditions of lessons organization.
Module 1. Training schoolchildren for 30 meters and 60 meters running is directed toward schoolchildren's quickness, speed oriented abilities development. The program of lessons includes the exercises. They help to master the running technique of sprint. It is necessary to dose the load during the exercises fulfillment by means of repetitions taking into account schoolchildren's physical fitness. Gradually exercises should become more and more difficult. Students should know the aim of each special running exercise. It is necessary to give schoolchildren an opportunity to control the accuracy of the coevals' actions. The control over the accuracy of the exercises fulfillment helps to master the running technique quickly. Outdoor games are mainly directed toward the "catch up with", "to be the first", "to run away quicker" result.
Module II. Training schoolchildren for 1500 meters, 2000 meters running and 3km cross (cross-country run) is directed toward endurance development in schoolchildren (the ability to fulfill the work of great and moderate power for a long term period). The distance for the cross goes through the park, wood or any open place of cross-country.
Module III. Training schoolchildren for chin-up from hanging position at a high bar, chin-up from lying support hang at a low bar 90 cm, arm-pumping exercises in prone position on the floor is directed toward power and power oriented abilities development. The exercises with hangs and supports is reasonable to study at a Swedish wall, balance beam, ladder, extended bar. The simplest exercises
should be mastered with the help of a group method. Further training should be organized dividing schoolchildren into pairs, in order to organize active control over the accuracy of fulfillment and provide help when necessary.
Module IV. Training schoolchildren for lean forward fulfillment from standing position on a gymnastic bench is oriented toward flexibility development. The lean is fulfilled from the standing position at a gymnastic bench.
Module V. Training schoolchildren for 3x10 shuttle run. The exercises of the module and outdoor games are directed toward dexterity and coordinating abilities development. Shuttle run is characterized by repeated overcoming of one and the same short distance, in this case 10 meters, forward and back. The essence of shuttle run is to run the distance necessary amount of times and at a maximal speed.
It is recommended to master shuttle run at a low speed first and when schoolchildren get used to the exercise fulfillment, the tempo can be increased. There are techniques. They help to gain time at finish: to put forward the chest or pass the shoulder.
Module VI. Training schoolchildren for a flying jump, standing jump with two legs push. The exercises and outdoor games of this module are directed toward speed-power oriented abilities development. Long jumps are fulfilled in special sectors for jumps. An important moment in flying jump teaching is teaching the rhythm and speed of run-up, repulsion, the direction of swing-up leg movement and an individual run-up selection. It is useful to use video of "legs bending" jumps. The length of run-up and the amount of repetitions increase with the age of students. It is necessary to include special long-jumping exercises into warming-up.
Module VII. Training schoolchildren for ball throwing (weight 150 g).The aim of the module is to develop speed-power oriented abilities. Great attention should be paid to individual work with pupils. Each pupil should have his own ball. Ball throwing, as a rule, is fulfilled with the command of a teacher.
Module VIII. Training schoolchildren
for body lifting from back position. The exercises of the module are directed toward speed-power oriented abilities development. During body lifting fulfillment the pairs are organized. One partner fulfills the exercise the other person holds his feet and shins. Then the partners exchange the roles.
Module IX. Training schoolchildren for 2 km cross country ski race. The module provides the applied skills mastering. They are necessary for 2 km cross country ski race. The content of each lesson in the module and solved during it problems are conditioned by the training level of pupils. All lessons are connected with each other by the succession of the solved problems, selection of exercises, succession of their study and the dosage. Ski training lessons have the specificity: lessons organization in natural conditions outdoors creates specific emotional mood among pupils. Weather should be taken into consideration while dosing the load and the definite exercises and outdoor games use.
Module X. Training schoolchildren for 50 meters swimming. The exercises and games of the module are directed toward the applied skills mastering. They are necessary for "50 meters swimming" test fulfillment. Swimming lessons are held in the swimming pool. During the test fulfillment it is possible to start from the pedestal, swimmingpool nosing or water. The participant touches the wall of the swimming-pool with some part of the body when he finishes each part of the distance and at the finish. During all lessons it is necessary to pay attention of pupils to rowing movements and breathing combination, coordination of all movements, the necessity of constant breathing and movement in the cycle.
CONCLUSION
The use of the program would provide interaction between the teachers of a municipal education, experience exchange, new interesting ideas revelation for the lessons and the level of their professional competency improvement. It is also supposed to make physical culture lessons more effective, interesting, directed toward schoolchildren training for a successful RLD complex norms fulfillment.
The modules of the program were tested in
Municipal Budgetary Educational Establishment of secondary school № 1, Municipal autonomous Educational Establishment "Gymnasium with advanced study of foreign languages" and Municipal Budgetary Educational Establishment Markovskaya secondary school of Chaykovskiy urban district of Perm region. The results of the program introduction prove pupils' interest increase in physical culture and the norms of the IIIrd stage RLD complex fulfillment.
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Submitted: 30.07.2021 Author's information:
Svetlana S. Galanova - Senior Lecturer, Chaykovskiy State Academy of Physical Culture and Sport, 617762, Russia, Tchaykovskiy, Zarechnaya str., House 99G, e-mail: lana.galanova.92@mail.ru
