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Актуальные проблемы авиации и космонавтики - 2015. Том 2
UDK 574.45 + 504.7
MODELING OF GROWTH OF WHEAT IN THE SOIL-LIKE SUBSTRATE IN A LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM
M. (N.) Manukovskaya Scientific supervisor - S. (I.) Bartsev Foreign language supervisor - O. (V.) Maslova
Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University 31, Krasnoyarsky Rabochy Av., Krasnoyarsk, 660037, Russian Federation
To analyze the dynamics of organic matter in the experimental system comprising wheat plants, microorganisms and soil-like substrate (SLS) а mathematical model is built. Model calculations have shown that the observed fluctuations in wheat production occur due to microbial activity of SLS.
Keywords: LSS, Modelling wheat crop, soil-like substrate, microorganisms.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РОСТА ПШЕНИЦЫ НА ПОЧВО-ПОДОБНОМ СУБСТРАТЕ В СИСТЕМЕ ЖИЗНЕОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ
М. Н. Мануковская Научный руководитель - С. И. Барцев Руководитель по иностранному языку - О. В. Маслова
Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика М. Ф. Решетнева
Российская Федерация, 660037, г. Красноярск, просп. им. газ. «Красноярский рабочий», 31
Для анализа динамики органического вещества в экспериментальной системе, включающей растения пшеницы, микроорганизмы и почво-подобный субстрат (ППС) была построена математическая модель. Расчеты по модели показали, что наблюдаемые колебания урожая пшеницы обусловлены активностью микроорганизмов в ППС.
Ключевые слова: СЖО, моделирование роста пшеницы, почво-подобный субстрат микроорганизмы.
Use of natural soils and man-made soil-like substrate (SLS) in bio regenerative life support systems (LSS) has a double assignment: cultivation of plants and recycling of wastes. Natural soils have the conservative properties, whereas SLS is more flexible. It can be adjusted to the specific LSS configuration by changing preparation procedure. SLS was tested in the plant growth chamber, which was an experimental model of LSS. The experimental study comprised several working cycles included planting, cropping and organic matter conversion. Duration of a cycle was 67 days. After cropping, the main part of wheat kernels was converted in the incinerator. The rest part of wheat kernels was planted. Wheat straw and products of incineration were added to SLS and subsequent mineralization of organic matter was carried out by worms and soil microorganisms. Initial SLS dry mass was 19 kg/m2. The results of testing were partially published [1-3]. During the test SLS, the environmental conditions in the chamber (temperature, humidity, lighting, carbon dioxide concentration) maintained at a constant level. At the same time, the yield of wheat varied from cycle to cycle. Presumably, the incorporation into the soil of a large quantity of straw from the previous cycle increases the nitrogen fixation microorganisms. As a result, crop plants in the next cycle were reduced. The purpose of the present work was to determine the degree of influence of microorganisms of SLS on organic matter dynamics in LSS.
A compartmental mathematical model was built to analyze the dynamics of organic matter conversion. The plant link was assigned to comprise the following compartments: assimilates leaves, stems, roots, root exudates, grains and nitrogen pool. SLS comprised plant residues, labile organic matter, nitrogen pool, microorganisms, and humus. In addition, the atmosphere of BLSS and incinerator were considered as compartments. Mass exchange between compartments was described by a set of differential equations.
Секция «Актуальные на учные проблемы в мире (глазами молодых исследователей)»
Simulation results show:
1. The rates of carbon accumulation and decay in SLS reveal small dependence on SLS mass. More impact has the content of microorganisms in SLS. Plant residues incorporated into SLS increases the mass of microorganisms and reduces the amount of nitrogen available for plants. Eventually, this leads to the fluctuation of wheat crop under continuous cultivation for a long period.
2. The equilibrium mass of SLS in the plant growth chamber depends on a degree of organic matter recycling through the SLS. Use of excess SLS mass can lead to the increase of carbon dioxide and deficiency of oxygen in the atmosphere of LSS.
References
1. Tikhomirov A. A., et al. (2003). Light intensity and production parameters of phytocenoses cultivated on soil-like substrate under controlled environment conditions // Adv. Space Res. V. 31(7), p.1775-1780.
2. Gubanov V. G., et al. (2009) Mathematical and computer simulation of the Biological Life Support System module 1/2. Description of the mode // Journal of the Siberian Federal University, Biology. V. 2, p.466-480.
3. Gubanov V. G., et al. (2009) Mathematical and computer simulation of the Biological Life Support System module 2/2. Verification of the model and scenarios // Journal of the Siberian Federal University, Biology. V. 2, p. 481-496.
© Manukovskaya M. (N.), 2015
