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Section 16. Chemistry
Section 16. Chemistry Секция 16. Химия
Azizova Asmat Nizami, Institute of Chemical Problems named after acad. M. F. Nagiyev of Azerbaijan National Academy of sciences, senior research assistant, Azerbaijan, Baku E-mail: iradam@rambler.ru
Gasimov Shmid Guseyn, Azerbaijan medical university, senior research fellow
Gasanov Khudayar Ismail, Azerbaijan medical university, Doctor of chemistry, professor
Mixedligands complexes of platinum palladium with radioprotective properties
Abstract: To prevent problems created by radioactive radiation, synthesized and studied a new class of compounds have radioprotective properties. As comparative base it was chosen possessing radioprotective properties and now used in clinics- sisteamin. It was proved, that obtained for the first time metal containing radioprotector-“Merkazol”, surpasses in all properties of known protectors.
Keywords: mixedligands complexes, radioactive radiation, palladium, ccoordination compounds.
Wide use ofatomic energy, the construction ofnumer-ous nuclear power plants, the use of atomic transformations as fuel, emissions of radio nucleotides into in the atmosphere, x-ray methods of treatment and diagnostics in modern medicine are the reason of radiation diseases of people [1]. The first symptoms of radiation sickness, the general weakness, nausea and vomiting at disease development, leads to violation of full functioning of te brain and to accumulation of free radicals in the organism [2].
Successful application of coordination compound of metals in medicine - an incontestable fact [3]. In this regard, it is felt an urgent need to obtain and study of new types of radioprotectors, i. e. the metal-containing compounds protecting an organism from radio emissions.
Obtaining and investigation of complexes of not bi-ogenous metals with radio radioprotective properties is of great interest.
A particular factor in the obtaining of complexes with radioprotective properties is that a palladium salt and ligands chosen for synthesis, don’t show relevant biological activity in the beginning.
Thus, the chosen connections at first show completely distinctive biological properties, but complexes obtained in their combined synthesis shows radioprotective
properties. Taking into account it, special attention is given to obtaining palladium complexes with sulfur-and nitrogen-containing ligands, the study of their chemical properties and biological activity.
It should be noted that prior to our study data on metal complexes with radioprotective properties in local and foreign literature is not met. After analyzing our data were obtained and studied comprehensively divalent palladium complexes with mercaptoethylamine (Mercamine).
Depending on the conditions were obtained and investigated compositions, structures and biological activity of the complexes of palladium with Mercamine following compositions: [Pd (SCH2CH2NH2)2].
The quantity of PdCl2 calculated on the basis of the stoichiometric ratio dissolved in the mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water (1:2) and filtered at 60 0C. Further, both mixtures were mixed at 40 0C, evaporated up to the small volume and cooled. From the resulting solution is deposited a light — brown solid. The precipitate was filtered and washed with ethanol and ether, dried to a constant weight. The element analysis of the obtained substance was carried out and the resulting material gave the following results:
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Секция 16. Химия
Found, %: Pd - 26.43; S - 15.92; N - 7.12; Cl - 35.22; C - 12.03; H - 4.16.
Calculated ,%: Pd - 26.31; S - 15.85; N - 6.92; Cl -35.06; C - 11.88; H - 3.95.
The observed absorption band 3466 sm-1 in IK - a complex range, was correlated to the group of a ligand pro-tonated amine. Formation тетрасидоамина [PdClJ-2 is characterized by an absorption strip - 356 in IR spectrum. Supervision of this strip at тетрасидоамина shows that coordination полиэдр isn’t deformed and it is symmetric.
The structures of all complexes were specified on the absorption band observed in the region 200-4000 sm-1 of the IR spectrum. It was proved that the resulting complexes are cationic — anionic types or neutral. In studies revealed that from all synthesized substances complexes the highest biological activity showed complex [Pd (SCH2CH2NH2)2 №3)2] and (SCH2CH2NH3)2 [PdClJ.
Application ofknown substances having radioprotective properties limit their protective effect and weak toxicity. When comparing the degree of activity of biologically active substances among themselves, found that the cation- anion complex type - (SCH2CH2NH3)2 [PdCl4] has the highest biological activity. Therefore considered to to devote more attention to the analysis of its results at research.
Conventionally the complex was been called “Merka-zol”. Despite the fact that in clinical practice used sistea-min shows HSCH2CH2NH2 < D50 = 242.2 mg/kg, its maximum protective effect, at 150 mg/kg and a dose of 700 X [4]. Along with this, it shows a toxic effect on the central nervous system and produces fatty degeneration of liver. On the last day of the experiment mice after radiation taking sisteamin in an amount of 150 mg/kg - 79 % in the control group and 22 % remained alive. In the third day of radiation, the number of live animals involved in the experiment were 33 % and 5.5 % in the control group. Study of radioprotective properties was performed on white mice (CBAxS57VI) under these conditions.
The total gamma radiation at the static mode on "Agathe-R", RIP - 75 cm, the total radiation -736 X-ray, X-ray power of 53 doses/min (50 pa/Min 0.5 L/min.), The emission time 14 min. Radiation was applied to
40 - m mice. The experiment was carried out in 10 batches taken each time by 20 experimental and control animals. "Merkazol" dissolved in physiological saline and 30 minutes prior to irradiation of the animals inoculated intramuscularly at a dose of 15 mg/kg.
Statistical results of the animals after irradiation was studied by comparing taken from the literature as the base object — results on the application sisteamin [5]. The experimental results show that, despite the fact that D50 "Merkazol" = 150 mg/kg, 30 - day exposure in administering 15 mg/kg dose intramuscularly to an animal, the number of live animals is 68 %. All animals in the control group died at the 8th day of the experiment. Lifespan of experimental animals was 5 times longer. And this shows that even small amounts "Merkazol" has a protective effect on primary blood-forming stem cells. At the same time, in irradiated mice increases the amount of CMEA to normal. Note that in healthy mice CMEA amount is in the range 20-5 - units.
After 3 days of exposure control and experimental animals, mortality does not occur; while in experimental animals the quantity of erythrocytes and leukocytes decreased, in control animals decreased only quantity of leukocytes. After the 30th day of exposure in experimental animals the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes in their blood, normalized to the physiological norm in the peripheral blood. In normal mice is - 9500 leukocyte and erythrocyte -9, 12 million. These results indicate that "Merkazol" has good protective properties and it doesn't influence toxically on the peripheral condition of blood. Even at a dose of 10 - fold lower dose than sistamin, "Merkazol" stops the formation of radicals and keeps properties of protection of organism from radio emissions after 30 days of the experiment.
Thus, the new synthesized complex merkaptoam-monium tetrachlorine of palladium is is low-toxic and has radioprotective and protective properties. Strong radioprotective property "Merkazol" allows, based on it to get a new class of metal-containing protectors for use in chemical and radiotherapy procedures in the treatment of malignant tumors.
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