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29Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, p VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3
educational, natural and social sciences ISSN 2181-1784
Scientific Journal Impact Factor Q SJIF 2022: 5.947
Advanced Sciences Index Factor ASI Factor = 1.7
MIKRO-GES VA FOTOELEKTRIK QUYOSH ELEKTR STANSIYASIGA ASOSLANGAN KOMBINIRLASHGAN (ARALASH) AVTONOM ENERGIYA MANBALARINING KOMPYUTER MODELI
U.S. Rustamov, S.X. Isroilova, Z.I. Abdumalikova
Farg'ona politexnika instituti
ANNOTATSIYA
Ushbu maqolada qayta tiklanuvchi energiya manbalaridan xorijiy mamlakatlarda foydalanilayotgan turlari, afzalliklari va kamchiliklari haqida tahliliy ma 'lumotlar berilgan. Qo'llanilish samaradorligi yuqori bo 'lgan Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasiga asoslangan kombinirlashgan (aralash) avtonom energiya manbalarining kompyuter modeli taklif etilgan.
Kalit so'zlar: qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalari, monokompleks, gidroelektrostansiya, Mikro-GES, kompyuter modeli, kombinirlashgan.
АННОТАЦИЯ
В данной статье представлена аналитическая информация о видах, преимуществах и недостатках использования возобновляемых источников энергии в зарубежных странах. Предложена компьютерная модель комбинированных (смешанных) автономных источников энергии на базе Микро-ГЭС и фотоэлектрической солнечной электростанции с высоким КПД.
Ключевые слова: возобновляемые источники энергии, монокомплекс, гидроэнергетика, микро-ГЭС, компьютерная модель, комбинированный.
ABSTRACT
This article provides analytical information on the types, advantages and disadvantages of using renewable energy sources in foreign countries. A computer model of combined (mixed) autonomous energy sources based on Micro-HPP and photovoltaic solar power plant with high efficiency is proposed.
Keywords: renewable energy sources, monocomplex, hydropower, micro-hydro, computer model, combined.
KIRISH
Dunyoning ko'plab mamlakatlarida qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalarining (QTEM) kuchli tizimlari, ma'lumki, mono - shamol, monoquyosh fotoelektrik yoki mono - quyosh issiqlik hosil qiluvchi komplekslardan foydalanishga asoslangan [1-4].
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
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VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
Hozirgi vaqtda qayta tiklanadigan energiya tizimlari dunyosining aksariyat qismini monokomplekslar tashkil etad. Bularga shamol energetikasi fermer xo'jaliklari, quyosh elektr stansiyalari, kichik gidroelektrostansiya va ES va boshqalar kiradi. Eng yirik monokomplekslarda qayta tiklanadigan energiya quyidagi mamlakatlarda qo'llaniladi: AQSH, Xitoy, Germaniya (shamol elektr stansiyalari, quyosh fotoelektr stansiyalari); Fransiya ("Ranc" to'lqinli elektr stansiyasi), Yaponiya, Janubiy Koreya (quyosh elektr stansiyalari); AQSH, Italiya, Islandiya (geotermik). Ularning xususiyatlari adabiyotlarda, o'quv materiallarida va elektron ommaviy axborot vositalarida keng namoyish etilgan. O'rnatilgan quvvat jihatidan eng yirik bitta stansiya elektr stansiyalari orasida Kaliforniya shtatidagi (AQSH) AESlar mavjud - o'rnatilgan quvvati 1550 MVt; shamol-dengiz shamol fermasi Horns Rev 2, Shimoliy dengizda, Yutlandaning (Daniya) g'arbiy qirg'og'idan 30 km uzoqlikda joylashgan, quvvati 210 MVt; fotoelektr uchun -XXR, 2010 yil oxirida o'rnatilgan quvvati - 900 MVt, 2012 yilga kelib -allaqachon 2 GVt, va 2015 yilga qadar XXRning maqsadli ko'rsatkichi - 15 GVt quvvatga ega; qurilayotgan SHEMlardan - AQSHda (Kaliforniya, San-Luis-Obispo okrugi), quvvati -550 MVt. Shu bilan birga, QTEMning ikki yoki undan ortiq turlaridan bir vaqtning o'zida foydalanishning ko'plab misollari mavjud [5 -7]. Kanada, chekka qishloqlarini energiya bilan ta'minlash uchun shamol-dizel va shamolvodorod gibrid sxemalar ishlatiladi. Vodorod ichki yonish dvigatellarida elektr energiyasini ishlab chiqarish uchun ishlatiladi. Shamolvodorod sxemasi Ramea shahridagi Prince Edward Island Wind-Hydrogen Village loyihasida xam ishlatiladi. Vodorod generatorining quvvati 250 kVt. U har yili 120 ming litr yoqilg'ini tejaydi va shu bilan atmosferaga chiqadigan chiqindilarning oldini oladi: CO2 - 320 tonna, NOx- 6,8 tonna, SO2 - 0,6 tonna.
MUHOKAMA VA NATIJALAR
Qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalarini rivojlantirish bo'yicha jahon tajribasi shuni ko'rsatadiki, avtonom iste'molchilarning elektr ta'minoti tizimlarida faqat bitta QTEM turidan foydalanish QTEMning o'ziga xos jismoniy xususiyatlari tufayli har doim ham ishonchli va uzluksiz energiya ta'minotini ta'minlay olmaydi. Odatda, ular qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalaridan foydalanadigan avtonom iste'molchilarni energiya ta'minotini turli xil qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalarini energiya komplekslari deb ataladigan birlashtirib ta'minlashga harakat qilishadi. Ular odatda qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalariga asoslangan dizel (benzinli) elektr stansiyalari (DES), shuningdek, har xil turdagi energiya saqlash tizimlarini o'z ichiga
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
oladi [8-9]. Sanoat va qishloq xo'jaligi iste'molchilarini elektr energiyasi bilan ta'minlashning yagona energiya tizimiga ulanishi iqtisodiy jihatdan samarasiz bo'lgan O'zbekiston Respublikasining chekka hududlari uchun, masalan, quyosh va suv potensialidan foydalangan holda qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalaridan foydalanish dolzarbdir [10-15].
Ushbu ishdagi asosiy maqsad va vazifalar:
- Mikro-GESning kompyuter modelini ishlab chiqish;
- Mikro-gidroelektr stansiyalarining xususiyatlarini o'rganish,
- Mikro-gidroelektr stansiyalari va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyalari asosida kombinirlashgan (aralash) avtonom quvvat manbai kompyuter modelini yaratish.
Mikro-GESning kompyuter modeli 1-rasmda keltirilgan. Ishlab chiqilgan model quyidagi elementlarni o'z ichiga oladi: sinxron generator, uch fazali transformator, chiqish va kirish filtrlari.
1-rasm. Mikro-GESning kompyuter 2-rasm. Stator oqimining
modeli. osillogrammalari.
3-rasm Generatorning qo'zg'alish kuchlanishining nisbiy birliklarda o'zgarishi
osillogrammalari.
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Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
Ushbu raqamlardagi xususiyatlarni o'rganish natijalari Mikro-GESning kompyuter modeli har xil kattalikdagi va tabiatdagi yuklarning chiqish kuchlanishiga ta'sirini ishonchli tarzda aks ettiradi va kelajakda Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasi asosida kombinirlashgan (aralash) avtonom energiya manbasini kompyuter modelini yaratish uchun foydalanish mumkin degan xulosani tasdiqlaydi.
Uzoq masofali iste'molchilarni uzluksiz elektr energiyasi bilan ta'minlash uchun, bizning holatlarimizda, Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasiga asoslangan kombinirlashgan (aralash) avtonom energiya manbalaridan foydalanish maqsadga muvofiqdir. Quyida Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasiga asoslangan aralash avtonom energiya manbai kompyuter modelining ishlab chiqilgan kompyuter modeli keltirilgan (4-rasm). Ushbu kompanovka iste'molchilarni uzluksiz elektr energiyasi bilan ta'minlashga imkon beradi, shuningdek uning narxini sezilarli darajada pasaytiradi. Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasi asosida kombinirlashgan (aralash) avtonom energiya manbasini yaratish uchun fotoelektr quyosh elektr stansiyasining kompyuter modelini ishlab chiqish zarur.
4-rasm. Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasiga asoslangan kombinirlashgan (aralash) avtonom energiya manbalarining kompyuter modeli.
Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor
VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3 ISSN 2181-1784 SJIF 2022: 5.947 ASI Factor = 1.7
Yuqori samaradorlikka erishish uchun DC-DC o'zgartirgichini ko'rib chiqamiz, 5-rasmda Matlab/Simulink yordamida kuchaytiruvchi o'zgartirgichning modellashtirish sxemasi ko'rsatilgan. DC-DC o'zgartirgichining kirish va chiqish kuchlanishlari 6-rasmda keltirilgan.
5-rasm. DC-DC o'zgartirgichining kompyuter modeli.
6-rasm. DC-DC o'zgartirgichining kirish va chiqish kuchlanishi.
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Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, p VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 3
educational, natural and social sciences ISSN 2181-1784
Scientific Journal Impact Factor Q SJIF 2022: 5.947
Advanced Sciences Index Factor ASI Factor = 1.7
Mikro-GES va fotoelektrik quyosh elektr stansiyasiga asoslangan avtonom energiya manbai uchun o'zgartirgich modeli 7-rasmda keltirilgan.
7-rasm.O'zgartirgich modeli.
8-rasm. O'zgartirgich ossillogrammalari.
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XULOSA
Xulosa qilib aytganda, axolni elektr energiyasi bilan ta'minlashda xozirgi kundagi muammolarni xal qilishda qayta tiklanuvchi energiya manbalaridan foydalanish keng yo'lga qo'yilmoqda, biz taklif qilayotgan kombinatsiyalashgan usul maqbul usuldir. Chunki, quyosh kunduzi bo'ladigan bo'lsa suvdan yoki suv bo'lmaganda quyoshdan energiya olish mumkun.
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