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1TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
METHODOLOGY FOR THE MULTI-CRITERIA EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF CARGO CUSTOMS COMPLEXES
Luzhanska Nataliia, senior lecturer, department of transport technologies, National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine,
ORCIDID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-8728
Kravchenya Iryna, Ph.D. in Engineering Science, associate professor, department «Road Transport and Traffic Management», Belarusian State University of Transport, Gomel, Belarus, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2670-639X
Lebid Iryna, Ph.D. in Engineering Sciences, associate professor, department of International Transportation and Customs Control, National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0707-4179
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30012021/7405
ABSTRACT
Operation efficiency assessment of cargo customs complexes located throughout Ukraine and having different technical, technological and organizational support levels can be made based on various technical and economic performance indicators
The paper develops the methodology for a comprehensive efficiency assessment of customs infrastructure facilities as an integral system of local measures and system performance indicators as a whole. Forming the integral criterion and the generalized integral criterion, we take into account the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex. The developed methodology for multi-criteria efficiency assessment of customs infrastructure facilities makes it possible to identify the groups of technical and economic performance indicators, to rank the technical and economic performance indicators according to the significance of their influence on the final generalized efficiency indicator; to form a vector with the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex; to determine the generalized efficiency assessment indicator of a cargo customs complex according to each group of factors; to determine the integral and generalized integral indicator of the operation of a cargo customs complex.
Citation: Luzhanska Nataliia, Kravchenya Iryna, Lebid Iryna. (2021) Methodology for the Multi-Criteria Efficiency Assessment of Cargo Customs Complexes. World Science. 1(62). doi: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30012021/7405
Copyright: © 2021 Luzhanska Nataliia, Kravchenya Iryna, Lebid Iryna. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Introduction. Cargo customs complexes located throughout Ukraine are of a different technical, technological and organizational support level. Their operation efficiency assessment can be made based on various technical and economic performance indicators [1-3].
The task of determining technical and economic performance indicators, on the one hand, rests upon the fact that they should take into account the content and characteristics of the assessment object to the fullest extent, and, on the other hand, they should unambiguously define the objectives of modeling (generalized integral criterion). A universal set of technical and economic performance indicators for assessing the efficiency of cargo customs complexes cannot exist due to a significant number of assessment objects, and the fact that their priorities in each case are determined by the modeling objective.
ARTICLE INFO
Received: 16 November 2020 Accepted: 10 January 2021 Published: 30 January 2021
KEYWORDS
technical and economic performance indicators (local measures) of cargo customs complexes, generalized integral criterion.
The purpose of the paper is to develop a methodology for a comprehensive efficiency assessment of customs infrastructure facilities as an integral system of local measures and system performance indicators as a whole as well as their comparison with the benchmark version.
Statement of basic materials.
For the efficiency determination of customs infrastructure facilities and their benchmark assessment, the technical and economic indicator set or the group of factors (local measures) are distinguished characterizing a different technical, technological and organizational support level of cargo customs complexes.
The specifics of efficiency determination of customs infrastructure facilities include:
- the division of technical and economic performance indicators into the groups of factors (local measures) characterizing a technical, technological and organizational support level of cargo customs complexes;
- the definition of an integral criterion for each group of factors underlying generalized integral criterion formation;
- inconsistency, heterogeneity and incomparability of the set of local measures with one another, within each group and in relation to a generalized integral efficiency indicator of cargo customs complexes;
- the expert assessment subjectivity of a technical and economic performance indicator weight reflecting each factor contribution to both an integral criterion by each group and generalized integral criterion formation;
- the definition of the integral criterion and generalized integral criterion assessment scale;
- taking into account the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex in integral criterion and generalized integral criterion formation.
The set of efficiency assessment factors for cargo customs complexes has different units of measurement and is composed of both absolute and relative indicators differing from each other in qualitative content; it is of various influence (weight) degrees and has different influence directions in relation to the final efficiency indicator.
Due to the fact that technical and economic performance indicators have different final efficiency indicator influence directions, they can be divided into two groups:
- first group indicators that are of an inverse direction in relation to the generalized integral criterion,
- second group indicators that are of a direct direction in relation to the generalized integral criterion.
To normalize the second group indicators with the first group indicators, it is necessary to find
the values reciprocal to the given ones (raise their values to the «minus one» power).
Since technical and economic performance indicators have an unequal degree of influence (weight) on the final efficiency indicator, it is necessary to rank them according to the significance of their effect on the final generalized efficiency indicator.
Thus, all technical and economic indicators will be ranked according to the significance of their effect and will have a single inverse direction in relation to the generalized integral criterion.
For each group of factors, a matrix of technical and economic performance indicators is formed ranked according to their signification and with a single inverse direction in relation to the generalized integral criterion of the assessed cargo customs complexes (Table 1).
Table 1. Matrix of technical and economic performance indicators of cargo customs complexes
Technical and economic performance indicators Technical and economic performance indicator values
Oi O2 Oj Om Benchmark O
Fi Xii X12 Xij Xim RXi
F2 X21 X22 Xj Xjm RX2
F, Xi X,2 X Xim RXi
F„ Xni Xn2 Xnj Xnm RXn
Authors' development
where Xj is the value of the i technical and economic performance indicator for the j cargo customs complex.
To determine the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex for each group of factors, the minimum value of technical and economic performance indicators is selected:
RX, = min{X.} .
(1)
As a result, for each group of factors, a vector with the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex will be formed
R = {RXi, RXi, ..., RXj, ..., RXn}.
Although the analyzed technical and economic performance indicator data are consistent at the methodological level, they cannot be used without preliminary preparation.
Therefore, the given data must be normalized to a certain range ([0, ..., 1]) by normalizing the data [4] by means of dividing the indicators characterizing the benchmark cargo customs complex by the indicators characterizing cargo customs complexes (Table 2).
Table 2. Relational matrix of the technical and economic performance indicators of cargo customs complexes_
Ratio of technical and
economic performance indicators
Technical and economic performance indicator ratio values
Oi
O,
O„
Benchmark O
Fi
RXi /Xii
RXi / Xij
RXi /Xi m
RXi /RXi =1
RX2 / X21
RX2 / X2j
RX2 /X2m
RX2 /RX2 = i
RX, / X,i
RX, / X,,
RX, /Xm
RX, /RX, = i
RXn / X„i
RXn / Xnj
RXn / Xnm
RXn / RXn =i
Authors ' development
The significance of each factor is determined by the Wi weighting coefficient reflecting the contribution of each factor to the integral criterion by each group; it is calculated by the formula:
W = (LnMt + \)n-1, i = (1, n).
(2)
where Mi is the ratio of the maximum relative value to the minimum value, n is the number of technical and economic performance indicators.
The generalized efficiency assessment indicator for the customs cargo complex according to each group of factors is determined by the formula:
n RX " RX _
FG. = Ë W • = Ë (LnM, + 1)n-i • —-S J = (1, m).
Xv ii X,J
i=l
(3)
The generalized efficiency indicator for the benchmark cargo customs complex is:
FRGj =n • ^ = ]T(LnMt +1)-', j = am).
,-=i RX, ,-=1
(4)
The integral multi-criteria assessment indicator for the cargo customs complex by the groups of factors is determined by comparing the generalized efficiency indicator for the benchmark with the generalized indicator of the assessed cargo customs complex:
IG = FRO, - FG, = YW, •
j j j /—à ,
1-
RX,
X,
= |n(Ln M, +1 )n
iJ y
1-
RX
A
X
, j = (1, m). (5)
iJ y
F
2
F
F
n
The generalized integral criterion according to the technical and economic performance indicators of cargo customs complexes is equal to the sum of the integral multi-criteria assessment indicators by groups
IJ=Z G. (6)
The lower the generalized integral multi-criteria assessment efficiency indicator in absolute value, the higher the efficiency of the assessed cargo customs complex, i.e. the closer the efficiency of the assessed complex to the benchmark one.
Conclusions. The developed methodology for multi-criteria efficiency assessment of customs infrastructure facilities makes it possible to:
- identify the groups of technical and economic performance indicators characterizing the different technical, technological and organizational support levels of cargo customs complexes;
- rank the technical and economic performance indicators according to the significance of their influence on the final generalized efficiency indicator;
- determine the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex by each group of factors;
- form a vector with the parameters of the benchmark cargo customs complex by each group of factors;
- to determine the generalized efficiency assessment indicator of a cargo customs complex by each group of factors;
- to determine the integral and generalized integral indicator of the operation of a cargo customs complex.
REFERENCES
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