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9itchy. Wart are scattered or clustered on the skin.According to the basic theory of TCM,it is caused by liver depression,spleen deficiency and damp-heat evil. Fire needle could expl evil in order to repair worn tissue and grow properly.
4^ Discussion
With the development of TCM, more and more fire needle are applied in treating above dermatoses. For treating acne,it can purge heat ,expel evil ,soften hardness and promote skin metabolism and blood supply at the same time. For treating Herpes Zoster,by stimulating local lesion, it can reinforce yang of humen body.So as to unblock meridian, harmonize collaterals and remove heat evil.For treating wart,it treats both the incidental and fundamental aspects,reinforce the healthy and elimate the pathogenic.While inserting fire needle, fire needle can destory the base of wart and make the wart atrophy ,fall off.
In short, Fire needle therapy with its simple,cheap and convenient characteristics increasingly used in clinical. Therefore, the author believes that with the further exploration of fire needle 's mechanism and application spectrum, it must be more standardized, effective and widely applied. References
[1]Zhang xiaoxia,Wu zhihuang,Dong mingxia.Mechanism of fire needle therapy.Beijing Journal of TCM.-2007 Sep.-26(9).-J.576.
[2]He puren.Fire needle mechanism and clinical application.Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China.-2013 Oct.-2(10).-J.20
[3]Wu jun,Shen rongrong,Experiental study of fire needle on parenchyma withchronic injury.Chinese Acupuncture &Moxibustion.-2002 Jan.-22(1).-J.31.
[4]Zhong runfen,Huang shixi.Huang yuxi's experience in treating Dermatopathy.Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine.-2010 Sep.-37(9).-J.1655-1656.
[5]Zeng jiehong.Examples of the fire needle application in Dermatology[J]Journal of Clinical Acupuncture and Moxibustion.1998 Sep.-14(9).-J.19-20.
[6]Tao li,Luo yinxing,Pi yan,Fire needle therapy in Dermatology application Exemples.JounralofExternalTherapyofTCM.-2008 Dec.-17(6).-J.58-59.
Mechanism research progress of Sanyinjiao(SP-6) for gynecological diseases
Guo Yu-huai, Sun Zhong-ren*,Qiu Li-bo,Li Chao-ran (HeilongjiangUniversity of TCM, Harbin, Heilongjiang,China. 150040)
Author introduction: Guo Yu-huai (1989 -), male, 2013 Postgraduate of Heilongjiang University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), Research field: The research about Acupuncture treatment of gynecological disease.
Email: gyhuai@sina.cn
Corresponding author: Sun Zhong-ren (1960 -), male, Heilongjiang University of TCM, Professor, Research field: The related research about acupuncture treatment of nervous system diseases and gynecological diseases.
Abstract: Sanyinjiao(SP6) is commonly used acupuncture points treatment of gynecological diseases, widely to be shipped on the needle side compatibility aspects, and the results are obvious. But its efficacy mechanism to play yet entirely clear, in this regard discuss research hotspot in recent years. The author studied the literature over the past decade, which briefly summarized as
follows, in order to study acupuncture treatment of gynecological diseases, provide reliable theoretical basis.
Keywords: Sanyinjiao(SP6); Gynecological diseases; Mechanism.
Sanyinjiao, first seen in "A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion" [1], is the intersection of three meridians :Taiyin Spleen Meridian of Foot (SP) , Jueyin Liver Meridian of Foot (LI) , Shaoyin Kidney Meridian of Foot (KI) .It is a point of Taiyin Spleen Meridian of Foot , three cuns above the medial malleolus and behind the medial tibia.[2], rules theillness of LiverMeridian, SleenMeridian and Kidney Meridian, and especially has good effects for gynecological diseases , such as, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, vaginal discharge, abnormal fetal position, postpartum blood halo, dystocia and so on [3]. Also, it is oneofthe common points ofacupuncture treatment about gynecological diseases[4],So there goes "gynecological Sanyinjiao". Now summarize the modern research of the treatment mechanism ofSanyinjiao(SP-6) for gynecological diseases as follows.
1 Pairs of neuroendocrine implications
Hypothalamic - pituitary - ovarian axis (HPOA) in the female reproductive endocrinology play an important regulatory role [5]. Recent studies have found that acupuncture [6], moxibustion [ ] Sanyinjiao can increase E2 levels, and enhance the follicular estrogen (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) negative feedback, so that FSH, LH, GnRH levels decreased to adjust the HPOA dysfunction, thus improving ovarian function, regulate hormone levels tend to be related to normal, in order to achieve improved perimenopausal syndrome or menstrual irregularities purposes. Ma Liangxiao[8]found that acupuncture Hegu 20 min firstly, then acupuncture Sanyinjiao 5 min can significantly increase serum PGE2, E2 levels and E2 / P value reached by the feedback HPOA promoting labor purposes. Li Yuemei, etc. [9] found that Sanyinjiao catgut implantation can improve the castrated rat hypothalamus,decreas NE levels,lower abnormally elevated 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels, correct the hypothalamus monoamine neurotransmitter disorders. Jin Chunlan[10] etc. found that acupuncture Sanyinjiao ovarian tissue may regulate the expression of FSH-R has a certain impact, thereby increasing ovarian response, increasing the number of eggs and ovulation completely. Wang Huili, etc.[11] experiments show that the EA Guan Yuan, Sanyinjiao perimenopause can adjust the model benign serum hormone concentration and hypothalamic Pendorphin (P-EP) content, thereby adjusting disordered neuroendocrine function.
2 Pirs of acupuncture analgesia
According to the research report, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture [12], shiatsu [13], moxibustion [14] and other ways to stimulate Sanyinjiao can effectively analgesia. Yu Yanfen, etc. [15] found that patients with primary dysmenorrhea Sanyinjiao bilateral imbalance resistance value was significantly higher than normal, thus presumably Sanyinjiao in patients with primary dysmenorrhea point of the surface of the reaction, one of the points on the primary dysmenorrhea has some analgesic effect. Li Xiaohong, etc. [16] found that EA Sanyinjiao can make the uterus malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly, P-endorphin (P-EP) was significantly decreased, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression tended to decrease, thus analgesic effect. Wang Chao etc.[17] observed that moxibustion Sanyinjiao can be adjusted by serum Ca2 + - K + balance to adjust the parameters of the uterine muscle activity, inhibition of oxytocin induced uterine muscle excitability, and achieve remission uterine cramps, relieve dysmenorrhea purposes. Gong Ping etc.[18] found that acupuncture can activate Sanyinjiao cortex, subcortical limbic system and cerebellum regions associated with pain, possibly through balance and pain-related neural networks and reduce pain, relieve menstrual pain so as to achieve the purpose. Li Chunhua [19] and other studies have found instantly EA Sanyinjiao possible through various adjustment TXB2 ,6-keto-PGF1a, TXB2 / 6-keto-PGF1a, inhibition of platelet aggregation and thrombosis, improve blood circulation and restore normal uterine smooth muscle Shu compressed state, relieve uterine pain. These results suggest that the presence of dysmenorrhea rat model of endogenous NO synthesis and release of reduced and acupuncture dysmenorrhea rats Guanyuan and Sanyinjiao
could significantly increase the level of NO in uterine tissue [20], through NO-CGMP pathway disincentive to pain [21], but also by acting on the uterus in an L-arginine an NO cyclophosphamide guanosine (CGMP) system, regulating uterine contractility [22].
3 EMG of Acupuncture Sanyinjiao on uterine contractile activity
Studies [23-24] found that EA Sanyinjiao excitable uterine smooth muscle electrical activity, uterine peristalsis enhancements. Jin Zihuan, etc. [25] observed that moxibustion Sanyinjiao research group active phase, the second stage of labor was significantly less than the non-acupoint group and blank group, the difference was statistically significant, suggesting that acupuncture group can accelerate the first active stage and second stage of labor progress. Chen Shuping, etc. [26] found that EA Sanyinjiao can enhance immunity, increase pain threshold, reduce pain sensitivity can be effective against pain and relaxes muscles. Li Yun [27] found that with moxa moxibustion treatment of patients with bilateral Sanyinjiao malposition exact effect, indicating that this hole moxibustion can promote uterine contractions. Li Xiaohong, etc. [28]found that Sanyinjiao radial direction of the needle, in order to feel a strong tingling sense of expansion for the degrees, the first stage of labor the mother's contractions have a positive impact. Lin Peichong, etc. [29] found that intermittent contractions at each acupuncture stimulus Sanyinjiao strong sense of twisting the needle to the knee and thigh conduction, make the uterus contract to promote pregnancy. Yuan Hong [30] found that electro-acupuncture acupuncture Sanyinjiao disorder can inhibit uterine contractions early pregnancy, while enhancing the effective uterine contractility, significantly improve the rate of complete abortion in early pregnancy, reduce bleeding.
4 Sanyinjiao on immune function
Women nerve - endocrine - immune (NIM) is the core of the network in the hypothalamus -pituitary - ovarian axis (HPOA), immune function gynecological diseases also have more important significance [31]. It was found that acupuncture Sanyinjiao can increase Hb, Hct, complement C3, C4, serum T, T / C, lower serum C [32]; enhance T lymphocyte transformation rate, erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate [33]; reduced IL-ip, IL-2, TNF-a , from the overall enhance immunity, thereby improving the treatment of gynecological diseases and preventive effect. Zhang Ou [35] etc.found that "fill gu, diarrhea Sanyinjiao" may reduce uterine decidua TGF-pi expression in early pregnancy may interfere with the body's immune microenvironment in mice, the immune stimulation and suppression disorders, pregnancy induced mice local immune function disorder, resulting in maternal fetal immune rejection, is not conducive to the maintenance of pregnancy, termination of early pregnancy.
5 Sanyinjiao effects on the nervous system
Gong Ping etc.[36] using positron emission tomography (PET) found that found acupuncture Sanyinjiao can cause anterior cingulate (24 areas and 32 areas), frontal lobe (prefrontal cortex, in the frontal lobe) enhanced glucose metabolism, anterior cingulate may be involved in the transmission of pain while the analgesic and regulation play a role; frontal lobe involvement in the hypothalamus, brain stem and the transmission of information on the hypothalamus - pituitary -ovarian (HPO), the hypothalamus - pituitary - adrenal (HPA ) adverse effect on the uterus NIM have a certain influence. Acupuncture Sanyinjiao can also cause occipital visual cortex (BA17, BA18), hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus area horse metabolism decreased, sedation occipital cortex may play an important role; hippocampus involved in regulation of the HPA axis, two-way regulating immune glucocorticoid inhibition of the generation of the immune system tissue cells and humoral immunity due to immune regulation can regulate glucocorticoid; hippocampus HPOA also involved in the regulation, regulating LH, FSH, etc. to complete the feedback and negative feedback.
Sanyinjiao zone cortical tissue from the calf medial cutaneous nerve and saphenous nerve, deep tissue from the tibial nerve [37], the corresponding segment of the nerve fibers nerve reflex regulation and play the role of inhibition of uterine contractions, and because acupuncture signal directly or indirectly govern uterine smooth muscle contraction and relaxation reflex, and then start
the body's endogenous protective mechanisms have analgesic effects [38]. Dominated Sanyinjiao nerve fibers mainly from L4 ~ S1 [39], and its corresponding spinal segment L2 and L6 dorsal horn к-receptor expression increased significantly, thereby effectively inhibit uterine dilation caused by severe cervical stimulation [40].
6 Sanyinjiao on hemorheology
Zhao Ningxia, etc. [41] observed that after moxibustion Sanyinjiao plasma viscosity, whole blood reduced viscosity, ESR, erythrocyte rigidity index, erythrocyte aggregation index, whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen decreased, thereby improving blood rheology, reduce blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation, increased red blood cell deformability, which effectively changed significantly improve uterine microcirculation, blood circulation, thus improving the degree of pain in the uterus.
7 Summary
In summary, Sanyinjiao treatment obstetrics-related diseases have a good effect, the current treatment for the domestic Sanyinjiao mechanism of these diseases has achieved certain results can be summarized as the following: ф Most studies have focused mainly on the needle thorn Sanyinjiao treatment of dysmenorrhea, mechanism of oxytocin and other diseases, and for treatment of other gynecological diseases Sanyinjiao mechanism studies have not been expanded in-depth. ф clinical and experiments show Sanyinjiao treatment of gynecological diseases have a significant effect, but the specific operating practices, the amount of stimulation to stimulate the amount of time the lack of school standards. © Most clinical observation observed only from the macro aspects of its proven efficacy, but the mechanism of not deep enough, there is the possibility of speculation. In short, the future treatment of gynecological diseases on Sanyinjiao research and investigate the mechanism should be based on clinical need for the basic principles and the ultimate goal, combined with advanced techniques from the perspective of a more comprehensive and sophisticated comprehensive analysis. Acknowledgement
This work was supported by Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education (200802280006) References
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Acupuncture treatment for insomnia
Tian Hongzhao, Sun Zhongren, Zhang Qinhong, Sun Qi, Wang Di
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin,150040, PR China.
Abstract: Through reading insomnia literature rencent five years about acupuncture treatment such as body acupuncture,scalp acupuncture,electro-acupuncture, ear acupuncture, etc. I consider acupuncture treatment of insomnia have a definite clinical efficacy. Acupuncture and summarize recent years developments I can provide ideas and ways to further exploration. Keywords: insomnia; acupuncture treatment; Review
