30Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
MEASUREMENT OF TIRES PRESSURE AND LOAD WEIGHT ON THE
G'olibjon Ulug'bek o'g'li Jaloldinov
Nodirjon Ibragimovich Otabayev Sanjar Muxammedovich Xodjayev
Ferghana Politechnic Institute
ABSTRACT
This dissertation describes the results of research on changes in the technical condition of car tires during operation and the extension of safety and durability through the management of their resources. It is also recommended to ensure that the tires are flexible and resistant to different climatic conditions and to control the pressure inside them.
The following issues have been studied and researched to achieve this goal:
1. Obtain complete information about vehicle tires and analyze them.
2. Identify and classify the main groups of factors that affect tire life and wear intensity.
3. Development of systems for monitoring and control of tire pressure using special equipment and devices available at the enterprise.
4. Economic efficiency and environmental characteristics of the use of a modeling and monitoring system for the service life of tires, depending on the degree of change of factors.
Keywords: automobile, transport.
Tires are one of the most expensive parts of a car, affecting road safety, fuel consumption and the environment. The scientific and practical task of increasing the technical resource of tires is to improve the safety of vehicles, reduce fuel consumption and reduce the negative impact on the environment, because the increase in technical resources provides a positive economic effect on the material and technical base of the transport enterprise. was carried out for modernization.
A lot of research has been done in the field of tire maintenance. All of this research is aimed at solving scientific and practical problems in increasing the technical resources of tires. The difference is in the approaches and methods of the solution.
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723
Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
Methods for controlling tire pressure, which allow to determine whether the change in tire pressure depends on operational factors, have been considered. A mathematical model of changing the gas pressure in the tires has been developed.
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He described in detail three different methods of determining gas distribution in tires without taking into account the influence of external factors. The first two methods were to fill the tire with 90% iron balls and the remaining 10% with gas. The metal does not allow gas to enter its composition and its volume can be accurately calculated because the size of the ball is known with sufficient accuracy. This reduces the amount of gas in the tires, leaving the diffusion area constant. Therefore, due to diffusion, even small gases are released from the tire, which significantly reduces the pressure in the wheel, resulting in a 10-fold increase in the test speed, but during such an experiment, the tires become unusable.
The air pressure in the tires has a major impact on the life of the tires. Therefore, for each brand of tire, the manufacturer sets a certain pressure rate so that the tire has the largest source. As the pressure increases or decreases, their service life is
significantly reduced
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1-picture. The effect of tire pressure on its source
The effect of the internal pressure on the tire on its source can be explained very simply: low pressure leads to a large deformation of the tire, which increases its temperature and increases the intensity of wear in the contact zone between the tires. With insufficient pressure, the tires have a significantly smaller contact area between the tread and the road: the tread bends and the middle of it loses contact with the road, and all the weight load on the tires falls on the shoulder tread
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
area. settings, which leads to their strong wear (Fig. 1.3, a). Also, increased deformation increases the likelihood of failure due to fatigue. Under normal pressure, the tires make full contact with the road along the entire width of the tire, which allows the weight load on the tires to be evenly distributed and uniform wear ensured (Figure 1.3, b). With strong pressure, the opposite situation occurs: the tread bends, but in a different direction. The entire load falls in the middle of the tread; accordingly, when the pressure increases, the middle part of it is eaten intensively (Fig. 1.3, c).
As mentioned earlier, high or low pressure significantly reduces the contact area of the tire with the road, which has a negative impact on road safety. Thus, as the pressure decreases, the braking distance increases, the line stability decreases, and the steering ability deteriorates. The situation is more similar with increasing pressure, except for directional stability. The first direction divides tire quality into continuous and discrete processes. Continuous processes include, first and foremost, eating. In addition, diffuse air leakage from the tire occurs continuously. Discrete ones include damage to the side wall for a variety of reasons, such as underlayment, punctures, and more. The intensity of the continuous process is characterized by the degree of erosion, and discrete - by the parameter of the flow of disturbances.
1.1-picture.The effect of pressure on tire deformation.
a-pressure below normal, b-standard pressure, c-pressure above normal
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
But internal pressure affects not only tire life or driving safety, but also fuel consumption. This is explained by the deformation of the wheel under reduced pressure, which increases the rotational resistance.
As the pressure increases, on the contrary, the tires become stiffer.
Based on the bench tests, it was found that the weight load had a significant effect on the wear intensity of the tires. In addition, an increase in the load on the tires
Figure 1. The effect of weight load on the service life of tires under
operating conditions
The effect of weight load on the service life of tires under operating conditions
This system works in the version at the plant - visually control the pressure in the tires and when using a manual pressure gauge there is always the possibility of the roller sticking (especially in cold weather) by releasing the pressure and not returning it to normal , without disassembly. Therefore, pressure control is done only visually and the tires are inflated no more than once a month. The problem with visual pressure management is that its true value cannot be determined with sufficient accuracy. For example, according to data from Boto for passenger car tires, if the pressure is 0.5 bar below normal, then this is a visual indication. If the pressure is less than 1 bar, a slight deformation of the side wall is visible. If the pressure is lower than 1.5-2 bar, then significant deformation of the side wall is visible.
Tire pressure can vary due to diffusion, temperature change, atmospheric pressure, and mechanical damage to the tire or frame. According to [33], tire pressure drops from 2 bar to 1.5 bar in 30 days and to 1 bar in 60 days. For car tires, the pressure drop is slightly greater: the pressure drop over 30 days is 1.5-2 bar, which is due to the larger diffusion area of the tire and the higher the initial pressure. Temperature and atmospheric pressure change the pressure value in the short term
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
depending on the operating conditions. However, mechanical damage to a wheel that cannot be diagnosed in a timely manner during operation can lead to emergencies.
External sensors, unlike internal devices, are mounted on standard nipples and do not require the installation of additional tires. This not only allows the system to be installed quickly, but also to be used on multiple vehicles.
For example, disassemble the sensors in an empty vehicle and apply them to a vehicle in a queue. But such sensors
is not free from environmental interactions.
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1.2-picture.An example of a tracking system based on internal sensors
It is worth noting that the use of pressure sensors in trucks and buses is a bit difficult due to the long length, in which case the signal from the sensor may be "lost". To do this, use special tutors, signal amplifiers (tutors). These systems act as an intermediate link in the transmission of signals from the sensors to the receiving device, minimizing the possibility of signal loss. An example of a monitoring system based on external sensors.
Energy saving is a very important aspect of the TPMS wheel module, which does not offer battery replacement for 5-10 years. To do this, an energy-saving system is used in the wheel module system. The meaning of this system is to switch to idle mode when there is no movement and to switch to active mode while moving. There are also time intervals for measuring pressure, so during normal operation the measurements can be once every 45 seconds (depending on the manufacturer) and with a sharp drop in pressure the measurement interval can occur once every 15 seconds. 'ladi. However, this does not negate the fact that the battery life is limited, so TPMS without a battery by obtaining energy from motion. However, these methods are more expensive than battery modules. Battery-free modules are lighter and lighter in size, which theoretically increases device life and reliability.
Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
Tires are affected by a number of factors, the extent of which depends on the tire manufacturer, bus models, climate zone, road conditions, terrain and more.
The influence of various factors on the life of tires in particular has been sufficiently studied, but it can be concluded that their combination needs to be sufficiently studied. Universal tires that take into account all the diversity of tire manufacturers in different climatic zones, relief, type of rolling stock it is necessary to develop a model of wear.
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Academic Research in Educational Sciences VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 11 | 2021
ISSN: 2181-1385
Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF) 2021: 5.723 Directory Indexing of International Research Journals-CiteFactor 2020-21: 0.89
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2021-11-1055-1061
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