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8Hydrogen in metals and alloys
MATERIALS AND METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CRYOGENIC POWER PLANTS
N. K. Meshkov1, V. I. Kholodniy2
1 FSUE TURNONASOS, 107 Ostrogozhskaya ul., Voronezh, 394052, Russia. Phone: (0732) 36-55-36, fax: (0732) 36-66-58, e-mail: turbonasos@rambler.ru 2 FSUE Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics, 22 Voroshilova ul., Voronezh, 394055, Russia Phone: (0732) 34-61-98, fax: (095) 251-44-49, e-mail: cadb@comch.ru
A high specific energy consumption and ecological purity make hydrogen the most prospective fuel for diverse engine power plants, namely: internal combustion engines, reactive or gas turbine power plants etc. The key problem of its use is the «hydrogen degradation» of properties, which are intrinsic for all structural metallic materials. Such degradation manifests itself in the reduction of strength and plastic characteristics, creep acceleration, reduction of crack resistance, fatigue and long-term strength, material phase composition changes, which finally result in a premature metal destruction.
This report considers specific conditions of using structural metallic materials of heavy-duty facilities on cryogenic components (oxygen, hydrogen, and methane), as well as basic principles and criteria for their selection, designing and different facility development.
There were defined materials types suitable for applications in boiling components, high-pressure gaseous oxygen and in the presence of hydrogen brittleness. The mechanisms of structural elements damaging in such environments were considered, as well as several methodical issues dealing with the formulation and conduct of experiments on the materials behavior.
It was demonstrated the influence of various metallurgical technologies (namely: refining, hot isostatic pressing, welding, soldering, thermal treatment) on the structure, mechanical properties and operability of structural materials in extreme conditions. There were considered structural and technological methods of decreasing the hydrogen embitterment ability including dosed doping of hydrogen with retarding additives.
ISJAEE Special issue (2003)
